Working with Web Mocks

为了提供全面的 Web 测试支持，TestContext 框架有一个 ServletTestExecutionListener，它默认启用。当针对 WebApplicationContext 进行测试时，此 TestExecutionListener 使用 Spring Web 的 RequestContextHolder 在每个测试方法之前设置默认线程局部状态，并创建 MockHttpServletRequest、MockHttpServletResponse 和 ServletWebRequest，这些基于使用 @WebAppConfiguration 配置的基本资源路径。ServletTestExecutionListener 还确保 MockHttpServletResponse 和 ServletWebRequest 可以注入到测试实例中，并且一旦测试完成，它将清理线程局部状态。

To provide comprehensive web testing support, the TestContext framework has a ServletTestExecutionListener that is enabled by default. When testing against a WebApplicationContext, this TestExecutionListener sets up default thread-local state by using Spring Web’s RequestContextHolder before each test method and creates a MockHttpServletRequest, a MockHttpServletResponse, and a ServletWebRequest based on the base resource path configured with @WebAppConfiguration. ServletTestExecutionListener also ensures that the MockHttpServletResponse and ServletWebRequest can be injected into the test instance, and, once the test is complete, it cleans up thread-local state.

一旦为你的测试加载了一个 WebApplicationContext，你可能会发现需要与 web mock 进行交互——例如，设置你的测试固定装置或在调用你的 web 组件后执行断言。以下示例展示了哪些 mock 可以自动注入到你的测试实例中。请注意，WebApplicationContext 和 MockServletContext 都跨测试套件缓存，而其他 mock 由 ServletTestExecutionListener 按测试方法管理。

Once you have a WebApplicationContext loaded for your test, you might find that you need to interact with the web mocks — for example, to set up your test fixture or to perform assertions after invoking your web component. The following example shows which mocks can be autowired into your test instance. Note that the WebApplicationContext and MockServletContext are both cached across the test suite, whereas the other mocks are managed per test method by the ServletTestExecutionListener.

  • Injecting mocks

  • Kotlin

@SpringJUnitWebConfig
class WacTests {

	@Autowired
	WebApplicationContext wac; // cached

	@Autowired
	MockServletContext servletContext; // cached

	@Autowired
	MockHttpSession session;

	@Autowired
	MockHttpServletRequest request;

	@Autowired
	MockHttpServletResponse response;

	@Autowired
	ServletWebRequest webRequest;

	//...
}
@SpringJUnitWebConfig
class WacTests {

	@Autowired
	lateinit var wac: WebApplicationContext // cached

	@Autowired
	lateinit var servletContext: MockServletContext // cached

	@Autowired
	lateinit var session: MockHttpSession

	@Autowired
	lateinit var request: MockHttpServletRequest

	@Autowired
	lateinit var response: MockHttpServletResponse

	@Autowired
	lateinit var webRequest: ServletWebRequest

	//...
}