Android 简明教程

Android - Loading Spinner

你可以通过加载进度条在 Android 中显示任务进度。进度条呈现两种形状。加载栏和加载旋转器。此章节中我们将讨论旋转器。

You can show progress of a task in android through loading progress bar. The progress bar comes in two shapes. Loading bar and Loading Spinner. In this chapter we will discuss spinner.

Spinner 用于显示其总完成时间未知的任务的进展。为了使用此功能，只需在 XML 中将其像这样定义即可。

Spinner is used to display progress of those tasks whose total time of completion is unknown. In order to use that, you just need to define it in the xml like this.

<ProgressBar
   android:id="@+id/progressBar1"
   style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleLarge"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

在 XML 中定义它之后，您必须通过 ProgressBar 类在 Java 文件中获得其引用。其语法如下所述：

After defining it in xml, you have to get its reference in java file through ProgressBar class. Its syntax is given below −

private ProgressBar spinner;
spinner = (ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);

之后，您可以通过 setVisibility 方法使其消失，并在需要时将其带回。其语法如下所述：

After that you can make its disappear , and bring it back when needed through setVisibility Method. Its syntax is given below −

spinner.setVisibility(View.GONE);
spinner.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

除了这些方法之外，ProgressBar 类中还定义了其他方法，您可以使用这些方法更有效地处理旋转器。

Apart from these Methods, there are other methods defined in the ProgressBar class , that you can use to handle spinner more effectively.

Sr.No	Method & description
1	isIndeterminate() Indicate whether this progress bar is in indeterminate mode
2	postInvalidate() Cause an invalidate to happen on a subsequent cycle through the event loop
3	setIndeterminate(boolean indeterminate) Change the indeterminate mode for this progress bar
4	invalidateDrawable(Drawable dr) Invalidates the specified Drawable
5	incrementSecondaryProgressBy(int diff) Increase the progress bar’s secondary progress by the specified amount
6	getProgressDrawable() Get the drawable used to draw the progress bar in progress mode

Example

这是一个展示如何使用 ProgressBar 处理 Spinner 的示例。它创建一个基本应用程序，允许您在单击按钮时打开 Spinner。

Here is an example demonstrating the use of ProgressBar to handle spinner. It creates a basic application that allows you to turn on the spinner on clicking the button.

要使用此示例，你可以在实际设备或模拟器上运行此示例。

To experiment with this example , you can run this on an actual device or in an emulator.

Steps	Description
1	You will use Android studio to create an Android application under a package com.example.sairamkrishna.myapplication.
2	Modify src/MainActivity.java file to add necessary code.
3	Modify the res/layout/activity_main to add respective XML components
4	Need to create a xml file in drawable folder.it contains shape and rotate information about the progress bar
5	Run the application and choose a running android device and install the application on it and verify the results

以下是修改的主活动文件 src/MainActivity.java 的内容。

Following is the content of the modified main activity file src/MainActivity.java.

package com.example.sairamkrishna.myapplication;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;


public class MainActivity extends Activity {
   Button b1;

   private ProgressBar spinner;
   @Override
   protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
      super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
      setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

      b1=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
      spinner=(ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar);
      spinner.setVisibility(View.GONE);

      b1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
         @Override
         public void onClick(View v) {
            spinner.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
         }
      });
   }
}

以下是修改后的 xml res/layout/activity_main.xml 内容。

Following is the modified content of the xml res/layout/activity_main.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="match_parent"
   android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
   android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
   android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
   android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity">

   <TextView android:text="Progress Dialog" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:id="@+id/textview"
      android:textSize="35dp"
      android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

   <TextView
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:text="Tutorials point"
      android:id="@+id/textView"
      android:layout_below="@+id/textview"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
      android:textColor="#ff7aff24"
      android:textSize="35dp" />

   <Button
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:text="download"
      android:id="@+id/button"
      android:layout_below="@+id/imageView"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

   <ImageView
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:id="@+id/imageView"
      android:src="@drawable/abc"
      android:layout_below="@+id/textView"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

   <ProgressBar
      style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleLarge"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:id="@+id/progressBar"
      android:progressDrawable="@drawable/circular_progress_bar"
      android:layout_below="@+id/button"
      android:layout_alignRight="@+id/textView"
      android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/textView"
      android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textview"
      android:layout_alignStart="@+id/textview"
      android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />

</RelativeLayout>

以下是 res/drawable/circular_progress_bar.xml 的内容。

Following is the content of the res/drawable/circular_progress_bar.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rotate
   xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:fromDegrees="90"
   android:pivotX="50%"
   android:pivotY="50%"
   android:toDegrees="360">

   <shape
      android:innerRadiusRatio="3"
      android:shape="ring"
      android:thicknessRatio="7.0">

      <gradient
         android:centerColor="#007DD6"
         android:endColor="#007DD6"
         android:startColor="#007DD6"
         android:angle="0"
         android:type="sweep"
         android:useLevel="false" />
   </shape>

</rotate>

下面是 AndroidManifest.xml 文件的内容。

Following is the content of AndroidManifest.xml file.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   package="com.example.sairamkrishna.myapplication" >

   <application
      android:allowBackup="true"
      android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
      android:label="@string/app_name"
      android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >

      <activity
         android:name="com.example.sairamkrishna.myapplication.MainActivity"
         android:label="@string/app_name" >

         <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
         </intent-filter>

      </activity>

   </application>
</manifest>

让我们尝试运行我们刚刚修改的应用程序。我假设你在进行环境设置时已创建了 AVD 。要从 Android Studio 运行该应用程序，请打开一个项目的活动文件，并单击工具栏中的运行图标。Android Studio 会将该应用程序安装在你的 AVD 上并启动它，如果你的设置和应用程序一切正常，它将显示以下模拟器窗口−

Let’s try to run our application we just modified. I assume you had created your AVD while doing environment setup. To run the app from Android studio, open one of your project’s activity files and click Run icon from the toolbar. Android studio installs the app on your AVD and starts it and if everything is fine with your setup and application, it will display following Emulator window −

现在单击“加载 Spinner”按钮以打开加载中的 Spinner。它如下图所示：

Now click on the load spinner button to turn on the loading spinner. It is shown in the image below −