Apache Poi 简明教程
Apache POI - Spreadsheets
本章介绍了如何创建电子表格以及使用 Java 操纵它。电子表格是 Excel 文件中的一页;它包含具有特定名称的行和列。
完成本章学习后,您将能够创建电子表格并对其执行读取操作。
Create a Spreadsheet
首先,我们使用前面章节中讨论的引用类创建电子表格。按照上一章节,首先创建一个工作簿,然后再创建一张工作表。
以下代码片段用于创建电子表格。
//Create Blank workbook
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
//Create a blank spreadsheet
XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet Name");
Rows on Spreadsheet
电子表格具有网格布局。行和列使用特定名称进行标识。列使用字母标识,行使用数字标识。
以下代码片段用于创建行。
XSSFRow row = spreadsheet.createRow((short)1);
Write into a Spreadsheet
让我们考虑一个员工数据示例。此处,员工数据采用表格形式给出。
Emp Id |
Emp Name |
Designation |
Tp01 |
Gopal |
Technical Manager |
TP02 |
Manisha |
Proof Reader |
Tp03 |
Masthan |
Technical Writer |
Tp04 |
Satish |
Technical Writer |
Tp05 |
Krishna |
Technical Writer |
以下代码用于将上述数据写入电子表格。
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class Writesheet {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//Create blank workbook
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
//Create a blank sheet
XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.createSheet(" Employee Info ");
//Create row object
XSSFRow row;
//This data needs to be written (Object[])
Map < String, Object[] > empinfo = new TreeMap < String, Object[] >();
empinfo.put( "1", new Object[] { "EMP ID", "EMP NAME", "DESIGNATION" });
empinfo.put( "2", new Object[] { "tp01", "Gopal", "Technical Manager" });
empinfo.put( "3", new Object[] { "tp02", "Manisha", "Proof Reader" });
empinfo.put( "4", new Object[] { "tp03", "Masthan", "Technical Writer" });
empinfo.put( "5", new Object[] { "tp04", "Satish", "Technical Writer" });
empinfo.put( "6", new Object[] { "tp05", "Krishna", "Technical Writer" });
//Iterate over data and write to sheet
Set < String > keyid = empinfo.keySet();
int rowid = 0;
for (String key : keyid) {
row = spreadsheet.createRow(rowid++);
Object [] objectArr = empinfo.get(key);
int cellid = 0;
for (Object obj : objectArr) {
Cell cell = row.createCell(cellid++);
cell.setCellValue((String)obj);
}
}
//Write the workbook in file system
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File("Writesheet.xlsx"));
workbook.write(out);
out.close();
System.out.println("Writesheet.xlsx written successfully");
}
}
将上述 Java 代码保存为 Writesheet.java ,然后在命令提示符中将其编译并运行,如下所示:
$javac Writesheet.java
$java Writesheet
它将编译和执行以在当前目录中生成一个名为 Writesheet.xlsx 的 Excel 文件,您将在命令提示符中获得以下输出。
Writesheet.xlsx written successfully
Writesheet.xlsx 文件如下所示:
Read from a Spreadsheet
让我们将上述名为 Writesheet.xslx 的 Excel 文件视为输入。观察以下代码;它用于读取电子表格中的数据。
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class Readsheet {
static XSSFRow row;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(new File("WriteSheet.xlsx"));
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fis);
XSSFSheet spreadsheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
Iterator < Row > rowIterator = spreadsheet.iterator();
while (rowIterator.hasNext()) {
row = (XSSFRow) rowIterator.next();
Iterator < Cell > cellIterator = row.cellIterator();
while ( cellIterator.hasNext()) {
Cell cell = cellIterator.next();
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case NUMERIC:
System.out.print(cell.getNumericCellValue() + " \t\t ");
break;
case STRING:
System.out.print(
cell.getStringCellValue() + " \t\t ");
break;
}
}
System.out.println();
}
fis.close();
}
}
让我们将上述代码保存在 Readsheet.java 文件中,然后在命令提示符中将其编译并运行,如下所示:
$javac Readsheet.java
$java Readsheet
如果系统环境配置了 POI 库,它将编译和执行以在命令提示符中生成以下输出。
EMP ID EMP NAME DESIGNATION
tp01 Gopal Technical Manager
tp02 Manisha Proof Reader
tp03 Masthan Technical Writer
tp04 Satish Technical Writer
tp05 Krishna Technical Writer