Avro 简明教程

AVRO - Environment Setup

Apache 软件基金会提供带有各种版本的 Avro。你可以从 Apache 镜像中下载必需版本。让我们了解如何设置环境来使用 Avro：

Apache software foundation provides Avro with various releases. You can download the required release from Apache mirrors. Let us see, how to set up the environment to work with Avro −

Downloading Avro

要下载 Apache Avro，执行以下操作：

To download Apache Avro, proceed with the following −

  1. Open the web page Apache.org. You will see the homepage of Apache Avro as shown below −

avro homepage

  1. Click on project → releases. You will get a list of releases.

  2. Select the latest release which leads you to a download link.

  3. mirror.nexcess is one of the links where you can find the list of all libraries of different languages that Avro supports as shown below −

avro languages supports

你可以选择和下载任何提供的语言的库。在本教程中，我们使用 Java。因此下载 jar 文件 avro-1.7.7.jar 和 avro-tools-1.7.7.jar 。

You can select and download the library for any of the languages provided. In this tutorial, we use Java. Hence download the jar files avro-1.7.7.jar and avro-tools-1.7.7.jar.

Avro with Eclipse

要在 Eclipse 环境中使用 Avro，你需要按照下面给出的步骤操作 −

To use Avro in Eclipse environment, you need to follow the steps given below −

  1. Step 1. Open eclipse.

  2. Step 2. Create a project.

  3. Step 3. Right-click on the project name. You will get a shortcut menu.

  4. Step 4. Click on Build Path. It leads you to another shortcut menu.

  5. Step 5. Click on Configure Build Path…​ You can see Properties window of your project as shown below −

properties of avro

  1. Step 6. Under libraries tab, click on ADD EXternal JARs…​ button.

  2. Step 7. Select the jar file avro-1.77.jar you have downloaded.

  3. Step 8. Click on OK.

Avro with Maven

你也可以使用 Maven 在你的项目中获取 Avro 库。下面给出了 Avro 的 pom.xml 文件。

You can also get the Avro library into your project using Maven. Given below is the pom.xml file for Avro.

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="   http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>Test</groupId>
   <artifactId>Test</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

   <build>
      <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>

            <configuration>
               <source>1.7</source>
               <target>1.7</target>
            </configuration>

         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
         <artifactId>avro</artifactId>
         <version>1.7.7</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
         <artifactId>avro-tools</artifactId>
         <version>1.7.7</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
         <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
         <version>2.0-beta9</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
         <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
         <version>2.0-beta9</version>
      </dependency>

   </dependencies>

</project>

Setting Classpath

要在 Linux 环境中使用 Avro，下载以下 jar 文件 −

To work with Avro in Linux environment, download the following jar files −

  1. avro-1.77.jar

  2. avro-tools-1.77.jar

  3. log4j-api-2.0-beta9.jar

  4. og4j-core-2.0.beta9.jar.

将这些文件复制到一个文件夹，并将类路径设置为 . /bashrc 文件中的文件夹，如下所示。

Copy these files into a folder and set the classpath to the folder, in the ./bashrc file as shown below.

#class path for Avro
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH://home/Hadoop/Avro_Work/jars/*
setting classpath