Bootstrap 简明教程

Bootstrap - Form Controls

本章将讨论 Bootstrap 表单控件。自定义样式、大小、焦点状态和其他功能可以用于升级文本表单控件，例如 <input> 和 <textarea> 。

Basic example

使用类 .form-control 和 .form-label 来设置表单控件的样式。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="mb-3">
      <label for="formControlName" class="form-label">Full Name</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="formControlName" placeholder="name">
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
      <label for="formControlEmail" class="form-label">Email id</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="formControlEmail" placeholder="tutorialspoint@example.com">
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
      <label for="formControlTextarea" class="form-label">Add a comment</label>
      <textarea class="form-control" id="formControlTextarea" rows="3"></textarea>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Submit</button>
  </body>
  </html>

Sizing

使用诸如 .form-control-lg 和 .form-control-sm 的类指定表单输入字段的大小。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <input class="form-control  form-control-lg mt-2" type="text" placeholder="Large size input box" aria-label=".form-control-lg example">
    <input class="form-control  mt-2" type="text" placeholder="Default size input box" aria-label="default input example">
    <input class="form-control  form-control-sm  mt-2" type="text" placeholder="Small size input box" aria-label=".form-control-sm example">
  </body>
  </html>

Form text

使用 .form-text 创建块级或行内级表单文本。
在块级元素上方添加一个上边距以轻松地设置输入的间距。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <label for="inputUsername" class="form-label mt-2">Username</label>
    <input type="text" id="inputUsername" class="form-control" aria-labelledby="UsernameHelpBlock">
    <div id="UsernameHelpBlock" class="form-text">
      Your username 6–20 characters long and can be any combination of letters, numbers or symbols.
    </div>
    <label for="inputPassword" class="form-label mt-2">Password</label>
    <input type="text" id="inputPassword" class="form-control" aria-labelledby="PasswordHelpBlock">
    <div id="PasswordHelpBlock" class="form-text">
      must be 6-20 characters long.
    </div>

    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary mt-2">Submit</button>
  </body>
  </html>

行内文本可以使用任何典型的行内 HTML 元素（例如 <span> 、 <small> ……等），仅需 .form-text 类。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="row g-3 align-items-center mt-2">
      <div class="col-auto">
        <label for="inputUsername" class="col-form-label">Username</label>
      </div>
      <div class="col-auto">
        <input type="text" id="inputUsername" class="form-control" aria-labelledby="usernameHelpInline">
      </div>
      <div class="col-auto">
        <span id="usernameHelpInline" class="form-text">
          Username 6–20 characters long.
        </span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
  </html>

Disabled

要获得灰显的外观并移除指针事件，请将 disabled 特性应用到一个输入。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <input class="form-control mt-2" type="text" placeholder="Disable Input Field" aria-label="Disabled input example" disabled>
  </body>
  </html>

Readonly

使用 readonly 特性来防止对输入的值进行更改。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <input class="form-control mt-2" type="text" value="Tutorialspoint" aria-label="readonly example" readonly>
  </body>
  </html>

Readonly plain text

.form-control-plaintext 以纯文本形式创建只读输入字段。这将删除样式并保留适当的边距和填充。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="mb-3 row">
      <label for="name" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Name</label>
      <div class="col-sm-3">
        <input type="text" readonly class="form-control-plaintext" id="name" value="Tutorialspoint">
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3 row">
      <label for="bootstrap" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Language</label>
      <div class="col-sm-3">
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="bootstrap" placeholder="Bootstrap">
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
  </html>

在只读纯文本内联中，您可以使表单标签和输入出现在内联和水平方式中。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <form class="row g-2 mt-2">
      <div class="col-auto">
        <input type="text" readonly class="form-control-plaintext" id="staticName" value="Tutorialspoint">
      </div>
      <div class="col-auto">
        <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputLanguage" placeholder="Bootstrap">
      </div>
    </form>
  </body>
  </html>

File input

文件输入用于浏览计算机上的文件作为输入。

File input using sizes

使用 .form-control-sm 将文件输入的大小调小。
使用 .form-control-lg 将文件输入的大小调大。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="mb-3">
      <label for="fileInputsm" class="form-label">Small size file input</label>
      <input class="form-control form-control-sm" id="fileInputsm" type="file">
    </div>
    <div>
      <label for="fileInputlg" class="form-label">Large size file input</label>
      <input class="form-control form-control-lg" id="fileInputlg" type="file">
    </div>
  </body>
  </html>

File input using attribute

无需明确定义 default 属性。
使用 disabled 属性，它会显示灰显的外观并删除指针事件。
可以使用 multiple 属性一次性接受多个文件的输入。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="mb-3">
      <label for="defaultFileInput" class="form-label">Default file input</label>
      <input class="form-control" type="file" id="defaultFileInput">
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
      <label for="disabledFileInput" class="form-label">Disabled file input</label>
      <input class="form-control" type="file" id="disabledFileInput" disabled>
    </div>
    <div class="mb-3">
      <label for="multipleFileInput" class="form-label">Multiple files input</label>
      <input class="form-control" type="file" id="multipleFileInput" multiple>
    </div>
  </body>
  </html>

Color

在 <input> 元素中使用 .form-control-color 类和 type="color" 属性为输入字段添加颜色。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <label for="colorInput" class="form-label">Select a color</label>
    <input type="color" class="form-control form-control-color" id="colorInput" value="#228b22">
  </body>
  </html>

Datalists

您可以使用数据列表创建一组 <option> ，这些组可通过 <input> 访问。浏览器和操作系统为 <datalist> 元素提供有限且不一致的样式。

Example

您可以使用*编辑和运行*选项编辑并尝试运行此代码。

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>Bootstrap - Form Control</title>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <label for="dataList" class="form-label">Languages</label>
    <input class="form-control" list="datalistOptions" id="dataList" placeholder="Search languages...">
    <datalist id="datalistOptions">
      <option value="Bootstrap">
      <option value="HTML">
      <option value="CSS">
    </datalist>
  </body>
  </html>