Bootstrap 简明教程
Bootstrap - Overview
What is Twitter Bootstrap?
Bootstrap是一个时尚、直观且强大的移动优先前端框架,可用于更快速、更轻松地进行Web开发。它使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript。
Bootstrap is a sleek, intuitive, and powerful, mobile first front-end framework for faster and easier web development. It uses HTML, CSS and Javascript.
History
Bootstrap由Twitter的Mark Otto和Jacob Thornton开发。它于2011年8月在GitHub上作为开源产品发布。
Bootstrap was developed by Mark Otto and Jacob Thornton at Twitter. It was released as an open source product in August 2011 on GitHub.
Why Use Bootstrap?
-
Mobile first approach − Bootstrap 3, framework consists of Mobile first styles throughout the entire library instead them of in separate files.
-
Browser Support − It is supported by all popular browsers.
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Easy to get started − With just the knowledge of HTML and CSS anyone can get started with Bootstrap. Also the Bootstrap official site has a good documentation.
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Responsive design − Bootstrap’s responsive CSS adjusts to Desktops, Tablets and Mobiles. More about the responsive design is in the chapter Bootstrap Responsive Design.
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Provides a clean and uniform solution for building an interface for developers.
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It contains beautiful and functional built-in components which are easy to customize.
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It also provides web based customization.
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And best of all it is an open source.
What Bootstrap Package Includes?
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Scaffolding − Bootstrap provides a basic structure with Grid System, link styles, and background. This is is covered in detail in the section Bootstrap Basic Structure
-
CSS − Bootstrap comes with the feature of global CSS settings, fundamental HTML elements styled and enhanced with extensible classes, and an advanced grid system. This is covered in detail in the section Bootstrap with CSS.
-
Components − Bootstrap contains over a dozen reusable components built to provide iconography, dropdowns, navigation, alerts, pop-overs, and much more. This is covered in detail in the section Layout Components.
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JavaScript Plugins − Bootstrap contains over a dozen custom jQuery plugins. You can easily include them all, or one by one. This is covered in details in the section Bootstrap Plugins.
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Customize − You can customize Bootstrap’s components, LESS variables, and jQuery plugins to get your very own version.
Bootstrap - Environment Setup
配置和开始使用 Bootstrap 非常容易。本章将说明如何下载和配置 Bootstrap。我们还将讨论 Bootstrap 文件结构,并通过示例演示其用法。
It is very easy to setup and start using Bootstrap. This chapter will explain how to download and setup Bootstrap. We will also discuss the Bootstrap file structure, and demonstrate its usage with an example.
Download Bootstrap
您可以从 https://getbootstrap.com/ 下载 Bootstrap 的最新版本。当您单击此链接时,您将看到如下屏幕 −
You can download the latest version of Bootstrap from https://getbootstrap.com/. When you click on this link, you will get to see a screen as below −
在该屏幕中,您会看到两个按钮 −
Here you can see two buttons −
-
Download Bootstrap − Clicking this, you can download the precompiled and minified versions of Bootstrap CSS, JavaScript, and fonts. No documentation or original source code files are included.
-
Download Source − Clicking this, you can get the latest Bootstrap LESS and JavaScript source code directly from GitHub.
出于更好的理解和易用性的考虑,我们将在整个教程中使用 Bootstrap 的预编译版本。由于文件是已编译和精简的,因此您不必每次都为各个功能包含单独的文件。在撰写本教程时,下载的是最新版本(Bootstrap 3)。
For better understanding and ease of use, we shall use precompiled version of Bootstrap throughout the tutorial. As the files are complied and minified you don’t have to bother every time including separate files for individual functionality. At the time of writing this tutorial the latest version (Bootstrap 3) was downloaded.
File structure
Precompiled Bootstrap
一旦下载了 Bootstrap 的已编译版本,请解压缩 ZIP 文件,您将看到以下文件/目录结构 −
Once the compiled version Bootstrap is downloaded, extract the ZIP file, and you will see the following file/directory structure −
正如您所看到的,已编译 CSS 和 JS(bootstrap. ), as well as compiled and minified CSS and JS (bootstrap.min. )。包括了 Glyphicons 的字体,因为它是可选的 Bootstrap 主题。
As you can see, there are compiled CSS and JS (bootstrap.), as well as compiled and minified CSS and JS (bootstrap.min.). Fonts from Glyphicons are included, as it is the optional Bootstrap theme.
Bootstrap Source Code
如果您下载了 Bootstrap 源代码,则文件结构如下所述 −
If you have downloaded the Bootstrap source code then the file structure would be as follows −
-
The files under less/, js/, and fonts/ are the source code for Bootstrap CSS, JS, and icon fonts (respectively).
-
The dist/ folder includes everything listed in the precompiled download section above.
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docs-assets/, examples/, and all *.html files are Bootstrap documentation.
HTML Template
使用 Bootstrap 的基本 HTML 模板如下所示 −
A basic HTML template using Bootstrap would look like this −
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Bootstrap 101 Template</title>
<meta name = "viewport" content = "width = device-width, initial-scale = 1.0">
<!-- Bootstrap -->
<link href = "css/bootstrap.min.css" rel = "stylesheet">
<!-- HTML5 Shim and Respond.js IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
<!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn't work if you view the page via file:// -->
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src = "https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/html5shiv/3.7.0/html5shiv.js"></script>
<script src = "https://oss.maxcdn.com/libs/respond.js/1.3.0/respond.min.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap's JavaScript plugins) -->
<script src = "https://code.jquery.com/jquery.js"></script>
<!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed -->
<script src = "js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
此处您可以看到 jquery.js 、 bootstrap.min.js 和 bootstrap.min.css 文件,这些文件用于将普通 HTM 文件制作成 Bootstrap 模板。确保在包含 Bootstrap 库之前先包含 jQuery 库。
Here you can see the jquery.js, bootstrap.min.js and bootstrap.min.css files that are included to make a normal HTM file to the Bootstrapped Template. Just make sure to include jQuery library before you include Bootstrap library.
将在章节 Bootstrap CSS Overview 中讨论此代码片断中每个元素的更多详细信息。
More details about each of the elements in this above piece of code will be discussed in the chapter Bootstrap CSS Overview.
Bootstrap - Grid System
在本节中,我们将讨论 Bootstrap 网格系统。
In this chapter we shall discuss the Bootstrap Grid System.
What is a Grid?
正如 wikepedia 所述 −
As put by wikepedia −
简而言之,网页设计中的网格组织和构建内容,使网站易于扫描,并降低用户的认知负担。
To put in simple words, grids in web design organise and structure content, makes the websites easy to scan and reduces the cognitive load on users.
What is Bootstrap Grid System?
正如 Bootstrap 网格系统的官方文档所述 −
As put by the official documentation of Bootstrap for grid system −
让我们理解上述陈述。Bootstrap 3 在意义上是移动设备优先的,因为 Bootstrap 的代码现在从针对移动设备和平板电脑等较小屏幕开始,然后针对笔记本电脑和台式机等较大屏幕“扩展”组件和网格。
Let us understand the above statement. Bootstrap 3 is mobile first in the sense that the code for Bootstrap now starts by targeting smaller screens like mobile devices, tablets, and then “expands” components and grids for larger screens such as laptops, desktops.
Working of Bootstrap Grid System
网格系统用于通过包含您内容的一系列行和列创建页面布局。以下是如何使用 Bootstrap 网格系统 −
Grid systems are used for creating page layouts through a series of rows and columns that house your content. Here’s how the Bootstrap grid system works −
-
Rows must be placed within a .container class for proper alignment and padding.
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Use rows to create horizontal groups of columns.
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Content should be placed within the columns, and only columns may be the immediate children of rows.
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Predefined grid classes like .row and .col-xs-4 are available for quickly making grid layouts. LESS mixins can also be used for more semantic layouts.
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Columns create gutters (gaps between column content) via padding. That padding is offset in rows for the first and the last column via negative margin on .rows.
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Grid columns are created by specifying the number of twelve available columns you wish to span. For example, three equal columns would use three .col-xs-4.
Media Queries
媒体查询是一个非常时尚的术语,表示“条件 CSS 规则”。它只是在满足某些规定的条件下应用一些 CSS。如果满足那些条件,则应用样式。
Media query is a really fancy term for "conditional CSS rule". It simply applies some CSS, based on certain conditions set forth. If those conditions are met, the style is applied.
Bootstrap 中的媒体查询允许您基于视口大小移动、显示和隐藏内容。在 LESS 文件中使用以下媒体查询来创建 Bootstrap 网格系统中的关键断点。
Media Queries in Bootstrap allow you to move, show and hide content based on the viewport size. Following media queries are used in LESS files to create the key breakpoints in the Bootstrap grid system.
/* Extra small devices (phones, less than 768px) */
/* No media query since this is the default in Bootstrap */
/* Small devices (tablets, 768px and up) */
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) { ... }
/* Medium devices (desktops, 992px and up) */
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) { ... }
/* Large devices (large desktops, 1200px and up) */
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... }
偶尔将这些扩展为包括 max-width 以将 CSS 限制到较窄的设备集。
Occasionally these are expanded to include a max-width to limit CSS to a narrower set of devices.
@media (max-width: @screen-xs-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) and (max-width: @screen-sm-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-md-min) and (max-width: @screen-md-max) { ... }
@media (min-width: @screen-lg-min) { ... }
媒体查询有两部分,设备规范,然后是大小规则。在以上情况下,设置了以下规则:
Media queries have two parts, a device specification and then a size rule. In the above case, the following rule is set −
让我们考虑这一行:
Let us consider this line −
@media (min-width: @screen-sm-min) and (max-width: @screen-sm-max) { ... }
对于任何类型的设备,无论如何,使用 min-width:@screen-sm-min,如果屏幕宽度小于 @screen-sm-max,则执行某些操作。
For all devices no matter what kind with min-width: @screen-sm-min if the width of the screen gets smaller than @screen-sm-max, then do something.
Grid options
下表总结了 Bootstrap 网格系统如何跨多个设备工作的各个方面:
The following table summarizes aspects of how Bootstrap grid system works across multiple devices −
Extra small devices Phones (<768px) |
Small devices Tablets (≥768px) |
Medium devices Desktops (≥992px) |
Large devices Desktops (≥1200px) |
|
Grid behavior |
Horizontal at all times |
Collapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints |
Collapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints |
Collapsed to start, horizontal above breakpoints |
Max container width |
None (auto) |
750px |
970px |
1170px |
Class prefix |
.col-xs- |
.col-sm- |
.col-md- |
.col-lg- |
# of columns |
12 |
12 |
12 |
12 |
Max column width |
Auto |
60px |
78px |
95px |
Gutter width |
30px (15px on each side of a column) |
30px (15px on each side of a column) |
30px (15px on each side of a column) |
30px (15px on each side of a column) |
Nestable |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Offsets |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Column ordering |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Basic Grid Structure
以下是 Bootstrap 网格的基本结构:
Following is basic structure of Bootstrap grid −
<div class = "container">
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-*-*"></div>
<div class = "col-*-*"></div>
</div>
<div class = "row">...</div>
</div>
<div class = "container">
....
</div>
让我们看看一些简单的网格示例:
Let us see some simple grid examples −
Responsive column resets
借助四个层级的网格,您很可能会遇到在某些断点处列不完全对齐的问题,因为其中的一个比另一个高。要解决此问题,可以结合使用类 .clearfix 和 responsive utility classes ,如下例所示:
With the four tiers of grids available, you are bound to run into issues where at certain breakpoints, the columns don’t clear quite right as one is taller than the other. To fix that, use a combination of a class .clearfix and the responsive utility classes as shown in the following example −
<div class = "container">
<div class = "row" >
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.</p>
</div>
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut
enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris
nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut.</p>
</div>
<div class = "clearfix visible-xs"></div>
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco
laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut
enim ad minim</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
这会产生以下结果 −
This will produce the following result −
Offset Columns
偏移量对于更专业化的布局非常有用。它们可用于将列推开以增加间距(例如)。 .col-xs = * 类不支持偏移量,但它们很容易通过使用一个空单元格来复制。
Offsets are a useful feature for more specialized layouts. They can be used to push columns over for more spacing, (for example). The .col-xs = * classes don’t support offsets, but they are easily replicated by using an empty cell.
要在大型显示器上使用偏移量,请使用 .col-md-offset- 类。这些类通过 * columns where * 的范围将列的左外边距从 *1 增大到 11 。
To use offsets on large displays, use the .col-md-offset- classes. These classes increase the left margin of a column by columns where * range from 1 to 11.
在以下示例中,我们有 <div class = "col-md-6">..</div>,我们将使用 .col-md-offset-3 类将其居中。
In the following example, we have <div class = "col-md-6">..</div>, We will center this using class .col-md-offset-3.
<div class = "container">
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<div class = "row" >
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-md-offset-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
这会产生以下结果 −
This will produce the following result −
Nesting columns
要在默认网格中嵌套内容,请在现有的 .col-md- 列内添加新的 .row 和 .col-md- 列集。嵌套行应包括总和为 12 的一组列。
To nest your content with the default grid, add a new .row and set of .col-md- columns within an existing .col-md- column. Nested rows should include a set of columns that add up to 12.
在以下示例中,布局有两列,第二列在两行中被分成四个框。
In the following example, the layout has two columns, with the second one being split into four boxes over two rows.
<div class = "container">
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-md-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<h4>First Column</h4>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit.</p>
</div>
<div class = "col-md-9" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<h4>Second Column- Split into 4 boxes</h4>
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-md-6" style = "background-color: #B18904;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>Consectetur art party Tonx culpa semiotics.
Pinterest assumenda minim organic quis.</p>
</div>
<div class = "col-md-6" style = "background-color: #B18904;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-md-6" style = "background-color: #B18904;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip
ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
<div class = "col-md-6" style = "background-color: #B18904;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
这会产生以下结果 −
This will produce the following result −
Column Ordering
Bootstrap 网格系统的另一个优点是,你可以轻松地按顺序编写列,并在其他列中显示它们。你可以使用 .col-md-push- 和 .col-md-pull- 修饰类轻松更改内置网格列的顺序,其中 * 范围从 1 到 11 。
Another nice feature of Bootstrap grid system is that you can easily write the columns in an order, and show them in another one. You can easily change the order of built-in grid columns with .col-md-push- and .col-md-pull- modifier classes where * range from 1 to 11.
在以下示例中,我们有两个列布局,左侧列是最窄的,充当侧边栏。我们将使用 .col-md-push- 和 .col-md-pull- 类交换这些列的顺序。
In the following example we have two columns layout with left column being the narrowest and acting as a sidebar. We will swap the order of these columns using .col-md-push- and .col-md-pull- classes.
<div class = "container">
<h1>Hello, world!</h1>
<div class = "row">
<p>Before Ordering</p>
<div class = "col-md-4" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
I am on left
</div>
<div class = "col-md-8" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
I am on right
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div class = "row">
<p>After Ordering</p>
<div class = "col-md-4 col-md-push-8" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
I was on left
</div>
<div class = "col-md-8 col-md-pull-4" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
I was on right
</div>
</div>
</div>
这会产生以下结果 −
This will produce the following result −
Bootstrap - CSS Overview
本章概述了 Bootstrap 基础设施的关键部分,包括 Bootstrap 更好的、更快的、更强大的 Web 开发方法。
This chapter provides an overview of the key pieces of Bootstrap’s infrastructure, including Bootstrap’s approach to better, faster, stronger web development.
HTML5 doctype
Bootstrap 使用某些需要使用 HTML5 文档类型的 HTML 元素和 CSS 属性。因此,在使用 Bootstrap 的所有项目开头包含以下 HTML5 文档类型代码段。
Bootstrap makes use of certain HTML elements and CSS properties that require the use of the HTML5 doctype. Hence include the below piece of code for HTML5 doctype at the beginning of all your projects using Bootstrap.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
....
</html>
Mobile First
自 Bootstrap 3 发布以来,Bootstrap 已成为移动优先。这意味着可以在整个库中找到“移动优先”样式,而不是将它们放在单独的文件中。你需要将 viewport meta tag 添加到 <head> 元素中,以确保在移动设备上正确渲染和触摸缩放。
Since Bootstrap 3 has been launched, Bootstrap has become mobile first. It means 'mobile first' styles can be found throughout the entire library instead of them in separate files. You need to add the viewport meta tag to the <head> element, to ensure proper rendering and touch zooming on mobile devices.
<meta name = "viewport" content = "width = device-width, initial-scale = 1.0">
-
width property controls the width of the device. Setting it to device-width will make sure that it is rendered across various devices (mobiles, desktops, tablets…) properly.
-
initial-scale = 1.0 ensures that when loaded, your web page will be rendered at a 1:1 scale, and no zooming will be applied out of the box.
将 user-scalable = no 添加到 content 属性以禁用移动设备上的缩放功能,如下所示。使用此更改,用户只能滚动而不缩放,并且会让你的网站感觉更像一个原生应用程序。
Add user-scalable = no to the content attribute to disable zooming capabilities on mobile devices as shown below. Users are only able to scroll and not zoom with this change, and results in your site feeling a bit more like a native application.
<meta name = "viewport" content = "width = device-width, initial-scale = 1.0, maximum-scale = 1.0, user-scalable = no">
通常 maximum-scale = 1.0 与 user-scalable = no 一起使用。如上所述, user-scalable = no 可能会让用户体验更像原生应用,因此 Bootstrap 不建议使用此属性。
Normally maximum-scale = 1.0 is used along with user-scalable = no. As mentioned above user-scalable = no may give users an experience more like a native app, hence Bootstrap doesn’t recommend using this attribute.
Responsive Images
Bootstrap 3 允许你通过向 <img> 标记添加类 .img-responsive 来使图像响应。此类将 max-width: 100%; 和 height: auto; 应用于图像,以便它很好地缩放为父元素。
Bootstrap 3 allows you to make the images responsive by adding a class .img-responsive to the <img> tag. This class applies max-width: 100%; and height: auto; to the image so that it scales nicely to the parent element.
<img src = "..." class = "img-responsive" alt = "Responsive image">
Typography and Links
Bootstrap 设置了基本全局显示(背景)、字体和链接样式 −
Bootstrap sets a basic global display (background), typography, and link styles −
-
Basic Global display − Sets background-color: #fff; on the <body> element.
-
Typography − Uses the @font-family-base, @font-size-base, and @line-height-base attributes as the typographic base.
-
Link styles − Sets the global link color via attribute @link-color and apply link underlines only on :hover.
Normalize
Bootstrap 使用 Normalize 来建立跨浏览器的一致性。
Bootstrap uses Normalize to establish cross browser consistency.
Normalize.css 是一个现代的、适用于 HTML5 的 CSS 重置替代品。它是一个较小的 CSS 文件,可在 HTML 元素的默认样式中提供更好的跨浏览器一致性。
Normalize.css is a modern, HTML5-ready alternative to CSS resets. It is a small CSS file that provides better cross-browser consistency in the default styling of HTML elements.
Containers
使用 class .container 来包装页面的内容,并轻松像下面展示那样将内容居中。
Use class .container to wrap a page’s content and easily center the content’s as shown below.
<div class = "container">
...
</div>
查看 bootstrap.css 文件中的 .container 类文件 −
Take a look at the .container class in bootstrap.css file −
.container {
padding-right: 15px;
padding-left: 15px;
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
}
请注意,由于填充和固定宽度的原因,容器在默认情况下不可嵌套。
Note that, due to padding and fixed widths, containers are not nestable by default.
查看 bootstrap.css 文件 −
Take a look at bootstrap.css file −
@media (min-width: 768px) {
.container {
width: 750px;
}
}
在其中你可以看到 CSS 具有使用 width 的带有容器的媒体查询。这有助于使用响应能力并且在这些容器类中已相应地形成了网格系统。
Here you can see that CSS has media-queries for containers with width. This helps for applying responsiveness and within those the container class is modified accordingly to render the grid system properly.
Bootstrap - Typography
Bootstrap 在其默认字体栈中使用 Helvetica Neue、Helvetica、Arial 和 sans-serif。使用 Bootstrap 的 typography 特点能创建标题、段落、列表和其他内联元素。让我们在以下部分了解一下每个元素。
Bootstrap uses Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, and sans-serif in its default font stack. Using typography feature of Bootstrap you can create headings, paragraphs, lists and other inline elements. Let see learn each one of these in the following sections.
Headings
所有 HTML 标题(h1 到 h6)在 Bootstrap 中都具有特定样式。以下显示一个示例 −
All HTML headings (h1 to h6) are styled in Bootstrap. An example is shown below −
<h1>I'm Heading1 h1</h1>
<h2>I'm Heading2 h2</h2>
<h3>I'm Heading3 h3</h3>
<h4>I'm Heading4 h4</h4>
<h5>I'm Heading5 h5</h5>
<h6>I'm Heading6 h6</h6>
使用 Bootstrap 的上述代码段会产生以下结果 −
The above code segment with Bootstrap will produce following result −
Inline Subheadings
要在任何标题中添加一个内联副标题,只需在任何元素周围添加 <small> 或添加 .small 类,你就会获得一个浅色的小一些的文本,如下面的示例所示 −
To add an inline subheading to any of the headings, simply add <small> around any of the elements or add .small class and you will get smaller text in a lighter color as shown in the example below −
<h1>I'm Heading1 h1. <small>I'm secondary Heading1 h1</small></h1>
<h2>I'm Heading2 h2. <small>I'm secondary Heading2 h2</small></h2>
<h3>I'm Heading3 h3. <small>I'm secondary Heading3 h3</small></h3>
<h4>I'm Heading4 h4. <small>I'm secondary Heading4 h4</small></h4>
<h5>I'm Heading5 h5. <small>I'm secondary Heading5 h5</small></h5>
<h6>I'm Heading6 h6. <small>I'm secondary Heading1 h6</small></h6>
使用 Bootstrap 的上述代码段会产生以下结果 −
The above code segment with Bootstrap will produce following result −
Lead Body Copy
要在段落中添加一些强调内容,添加 class = "lead"。这会给你一个更大字体大小、更轻字体和更高行高,如下面的示例 −
To add some emphasis to a paragraph, add class = "lead". This will give you a larger font size, lighter weight, and a taller line height as in the following example −
<h2>Lead Example</h2>
<p class = "lead">This is an example paragraph demonstrating
the use of lead body copy. This is an example paragraph
demonstrating the use of lead body copy.This is an example
paragraph demonstrating the use of lead body copy.This is an
example paragraph demonstrating the use of lead body copy.
This is an example paragraph demonstrating the use of lead body copy.</p>
Emphasis
HTML 的默认强调标签,如 <small> 将文本设置为父代大小的 85%,<strong> 用较重的字体加粗文本,并且 <em> 让文本变成斜体。
HTML’s default emphasis tags such as <small> sets text at 85% the size of the parent, <strong> emphasizes a text with heavier font-weight, and <em> emphasizes a text in italics.
Bootstrap 提供一些可以用来突出强调文本的类,如下面的示例 −
Bootstrap offers a few classes that can be used to provide emphasis on texts as seen in the following example −
<small>This content is within tag</small><br>
<strong>This content is within tag</strong><br>
<em>This content is within tag and is rendered as italics</em><br>
<p class = "text-left">Left aligned text.</p>
<p class = "text-center">Center aligned text.</p>
<p class = "text-right">Right aligned text.</p>
<p class = "text-muted">This content is muted</p>
<p class = "text-primary">This content carries a primary class</p>
<p class = "text-success">This content carries a success class</p>
<p class = "text-info">This content carries a info class</p>
<p class = "text-warning">This content carries a warning class</p>
<p class = "text-danger">This content carries a danger class</p>
Abbreviations
HTML <abbr> 元素提供缩写或首字母缩写词标记,如 WWW 或 HTTP。Bootstrap 用淡蓝虚线边框在底部样式化 <abbr> 元素,并在悬停时显示完整文本(只要你将此文本添加到 <abbr> title 属性)。要获得略微小的字体大小,则在 <abbr> 中添加 .initialism。
The HTML <abbr> element provides markup for abbreviations or acronyms, like WWW or HTTP. Bootstrap styles <abbr> elements with a light dotted border along the bottom and reveals the full text on hover (as long as you add that text to the <abbr> title attribute). To get a a slightly smaller font size add .initialism to <abbr>.
<abbr title = "World Wide Web">WWW</abbr><br>
<abbr title = "Real Simple Syndication" class = "initialism">RSS</abbr>
Addresses
使用 <address> 标签,你可以在网页上显示联系信息。由于 <address> 的默认显示是:block;你需要使用
Using <address> tag you can display the contact information on your web page. Since the <address> defaults to display: block; you’ll need to use
标签在封闭地址文本中添加换行符。
Tags to add line breaks to the enclosed address text.
<address>
<strong>Some Company, Inc.</strong><br>
007 street<br>
Some City, State XXXXX<br>
<abbr title = "Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
</address>
<address>
<strong>Full Name</strong><br>
<a href = "mailto:#">mailto@somedomain.com</a>
</address>
Blockquotes
你可以使用默认的 <blockquote> 在任何 HTML 文本周围。其他选项包括,添加 <small> 标签以识别引文来源,以及使用类 .pull-right 右对齐引用块。以下示例演示了所有这些功能 −
You can use the default <blockquote> around any HTML text. Other options include, adding a <small> tag for identifying the source of the quote and right-aligning the blockquote using class .pull-right. The following example demonstrates all these features −
<blockquote>
<p>This is a default blockquote example. This is a default
blockquote example. This is a default blockquote
example.This is a default blockquote example. This is a
default blockquote example.</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
This is a blockquote with a source title.
<small>Someone famous in <cite title = "Source Title">Source Title</cite></small>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class = "pull-right">This is a blockquote aligned to the right.
<small>Someone famous in <cite title = "Source Title">Source Title</cite></small>
</blockquote>
Lists
Bootstrap 支持有序列表、无序列表和定义列表。
Bootstrap supports ordered lists, unordered lists, and definition lists.
-
Ordered lists − An ordered list is a list that falls in some sort of sequential order and is prefaced by numbers.
-
Unordered lists − An unordered list is a list that doesn’t have any particular order and is traditionally styled with bullets. If you do not want the bullets to appear, then you can remove the styling by using the class .list-unstyled. You can also place all list items on a single line using the class .list-inline.
-
Definition lists − In this type of list, each list item can consist of both the <dt> and the <dd> elements. <dt> stands for definition term, and like a dictionary, this is the term (or phrase) that is being defined. Subsequently, the <dd> is the definition of the <dt>. You can make terms and descriptions in <dl> line up side-by-side using class dl-horizontal.
以下示例演示这些类型的每个示例:
The following example demonstrates each of these types −
<h4>Example of Ordered List</h4>
<ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ol>
<h4>Example of UnOrdered List</h4>
<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ul>
<h4>Example of Unstyled List</h4>
<ul class = "list-unstyled">
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ul>
<h4>Example of Inline List</h4>
<ul class = "list-inline">
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
<li>Item 3</li>
<li>Item 4</li>
</ul>
<h4>Example of Definition List</h4>
<dl>
<dt>Description 1</dt>
<dd>Item 1</dd>
<dt>Description 2</dt>
<dd>Item 2</dd>
</dl>
<h4>Example of Horizontal Definition List</h4>
<dl class = "dl-horizontal">
<dt>Description 1</dt>
<dd>Item 1</dd>
<dt>Description 2</dt>
<dd>Item 2</dd>
</dl>
Bootstrap - Code
Bootstrap 允许您使用两种不同的关键方式显示代码:
Bootstrap allows you to display code with two different key ways −
-
The first is the <code> tag. If you are going to be displaying code inline, you should use the <code> tag.
-
Second is the <pre> tag. If the code needs to be displayed as a standalone block element or if it has multiple lines, then you should use the <pre> tag.
我们来看下面的示例:
Let us see an example below −
<p><code><header></code> is wrapped as an inline element.</p>
<p>To display code as a standalone block element use <pre> tag as:</p>
<pre>
<article>
<h1>Article Heading</h1>
</article>
</pre>
Bootstrap - Tables
Bootstrap 提供了构建表的简洁布局。Bootstrap 支持的部分表格元素包括:
Bootstrap provides a clean layout for building tables. Some of the table elements supported by Bootstrap are −
Sr.No. |
Tag & Description |
1 |
<table> Wrapping element for displaying data in a tabular format |
2 |
<thead> Container element for table header rows (<tr>) to label table columns. |
3 |
<tbody> Container element for table rows (<tr>) in the body of the table. |
4 |
<tr> Container element for a set of table cells (<td> or <th>) that appears on a single row. |
5 |
<td> Default table cell. |
6 |
<th> Special table cell for column (or row, depending on scope and placement) labels. Must be used within a <thead> |
7 |
<caption> Description or summary of what the table holds. |
Basic Table
如果您希望获得具有浅色填充和水平分隔符的基本表格样式,请将基本类 .table 添加到任意表中,如下面的示例所示:
If you want a nice, basic table style with just some light padding and horizontal dividers, add the base class of .table to any table as shown in the following example −
<table class = "table">
<caption>Basic Table Layout</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>City</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Tanmay</td>
<td>Bangalore</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sachin</td>
<td>Mumbai</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Optional Table Classes
除了基本表标记和 .table 类之外,还可以使用一些其他类来设置标记样式。以下部分将向您展示所有这些类。
Along with the base table markup and the .table class, there are a few additional classes that you can use to style the markup. Following sections will give you a glimpse of all these classes.
Striped Table
通过添加 .table-striped 类,您将获得 <tbody> 中的行条纹,如下面的示例所示:
By adding the .table-striped class, you will get stripes on rows within the <tbody> as seen in the following example −
<table class = "table table-striped">
<caption>Striped Table Layout</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>City</th>
<th>Pincode</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Tanmay</td>
<td>Bangalore</td>
<td>560001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sachin</td>
<td>Mumbai</td>
<td>400003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uma</td>
<td>Pune</td>
<td>411027</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Bordered Table
通过添加 .table-bordered 类,您将获得包围每个元素的边框,并在整个表格周围形成圆角,如下面的示例所示:
By adding the .table-bordered class, you will get borders surrounding every element and rounded corners around the entire table as seen in the following example −
<table class = "table table-bordered">
<caption>Bordered Table Layout</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>City</th>
<th>Pincode</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Tanmay</td>
<td>Bangalore</td>
<td>560001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sachin</td>
<td>Mumbai</td>
<td>400003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uma</td>
<td>Pune</td>
<td>411027</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Hover Table
通过添加 .table-hover 类,当光标悬停在行上时,行上将添加浅灰色背景,如下面的示例所示:
By adding the .table-hover class, a light gray background will be added to rows while the cursor hovers over them, as seen in the following example −
<table class = "table table-hover">
<caption>Hover Table Layout</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>City</th>
<th>Pincode</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Tanmay</td>
<td>Bangalore</td>
<td>560001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sachin</td>
<td>Mumbai</td>
<td>400003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uma</td>
<td>Pune</td>
<td>411027</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Condensed Table
通过添加 .table-condensed 类,行填充将减少一半以使表浓缩。如下面的示例所示。如果您想要更密集的信息,这将非常有用。
By adding the .table-condensed class, row padding is cut in half to condense the table. as seen in the following example. This is useful if you want any denser information.
<table class = "table table-condensed">
<caption>Condensed Table Layout</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>City</th>
<th>Pincode</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Tanmay</td>
<td>Bangalore</td>
<td>560001</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Sachin</td>
<td>Mumbai</td>
<td>400003</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uma</td>
<td>Pune</td>
<td>411027</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Contextual classes
下表中显示的上下文类可让您更改表格行或单元格的背景颜色。
The Contextual classes shown in following table will allow you to change the background color of your table rows or individual cells.
Sr.No. |
Class & Description |
1 |
.active Applies the hover color to a particular row or cell |
2 |
.success Indicates a successful or positive action |
3 |
.warning Indicates a warning that might need attention |
4 |
.danger Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action |
这些类可应用于 <tr>、<td> 或 <th>。
These classes can be applied to <tr>, <td> or <th>.
<table class = "table">
<caption>Contextual Table Layout</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Product</th>
<th>Payment Date</th>
<th>Status</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class = "active">
<td>Product1</td>
<td>23/11/2013</td>
<td>Pending</td>
</tr>
<tr class = "success">
<td>Product2</td>
<td>10/11/2013</td>
<td>Delivered</td>
</tr>
<tr class = "warning">
<td>Product3</td>
<td>20/10/2013</td>
<td>In Call to confirm</td>
</tr>
<tr class = "danger">
<td>Product4</td>
<td>20/10/2013</td>
<td>Declined</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Responsive Tables
通过将任意 .table 包裹在 .table-responsive 类中,您将使表格在小设备(小于 768px)上水平滚动。在查看宽度大于 768px 的任何内容时,您将不会看到这些表格有任何差异。
By wrapping any .table in .table-responsive class, you will make the table scroll horizontally up to small devices (under 768px). When viewing on anything larger than 768px wide, you will not see any difference in these tables.
<div class = "table-responsive">
<table class = "table">
<caption>Responsive Table Layout</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Product</th>
<th>Payment Date</th>
<th>Status</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Product1</td>
<td>23/11/2013</td>
<td>Pending</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Product2</td>
<td>10/11/2013</td>
<td>Delivered</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Product3</td>
<td>20/10/2013</td>
<td>In Call to confirm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Product4</td>
<td>20/10/2013</td>
<td>Declined</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
Bootstrap - Forms
在本章中,我们将学习如何使用 Bootstrap 轻松创建表单。Bootstrap 通过针对不同样式的表单提供简单的 HTML 标记和扩展类,使其变得容易。在本章中,我们将学习如何使用 Bootstrap 轻松创建表单。
In this chapter, we will study how to create forms with ease using Bootstrap. Bootstrap makes it easy with the simple HTML markup and extended classes for different styles of forms. In this chapter we will study how to create forms with ease using Bootstrap.
Form Layout
Bootstrap 为您提供了以下类型的表单布局 -
Bootstrap provides you with following types of form layouts −
-
Vertical (default) form
-
In-line form
-
Horizontal form
Vertical or Basic Form
基本表单结构附带 Bootstrap;各个表单控件自动接收一些全局样式。若要创建基本表单,请执行以下操作 -
The basic form structure comes with Bootstrap; individual form controls automatically receive some global styling. To create a basic form do the following −
-
Add a role form to the parent <form> element.
-
Wrap labels and controls in a <div> with class .form-group. This is needed for optimum spacing.
-
Add a class of .form-control to all textual <input>, <textarea>, and <select> elements.
<form role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "name">Name</label>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "name" placeholder = "Enter Name">
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "inputfile">File input</label>
<input type = "file" id = "inputfile">
<p class = "help-block">Example block-level help text here.</p>
</div>
<div class = "checkbox">
<label><input type = "checkbox"> Check me out</label>
</div>
<button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>
Inline Form
若要创建所有元素均呈内联、左对齐且标签随附的表单,请向 <form> 标签添加类 .form-inline。
To create a form where all of the elements are inline, left aligned and labels are alongside, add the class .form-inline to the <form> tag.
<form class = "form-inline" role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label class = "sr-only" for = "name">Name</label>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "name" placeholder = "Enter Name">
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<label class = "sr-only" for = "inputfile">File input</label>
<input type = "file" id = "inputfile">
</div>
<div class = "checkbox">
<label><input type = "checkbox"> Check me out</label>
</div>
<button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>
-
By default inputs, selects, and textareas have 100% width in Bootstrap. You need to set a width on the form controls when using inline form.
-
Using the class .sr-only you can hide the labels of the inline forms.
Horizontal Form
水平表单不仅在标记数量上与其他表单有所区别,而且在表单的呈现方式上也有所不同。若要创建使用水平布局的表单,请执行以下操作 -
Horizontal forms stands apart from the others not only in the amount of markup, but also in the presentation of the form. To create a form that uses the horizontal layout, do the following −
-
Add a class of .form-horizontal to the parent <form> element.
-
Wrap labels and controls in a <div> with class .form-group.
-
Add a class of .control-label to the labels.
<form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "firstname" class = "col-sm-2 control-label">First Name</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "firstname" placeholder = "Enter First Name">
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "lastname" class = "col-sm-2 control-label">Last Name</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "lastname" placeholder = "Enter Last Name">
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<div class = "col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
<div class = "checkbox">
<label><input type = "checkbox"> Remember me</label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<div class = "col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
<button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default">Sign in</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
Supported Form Controls
Bootstrap 本机支持最常见的表单控件,主要包括输入、文本区、复选框、单选按钮和选择。
Bootstrap natively supports the most common form controls mainly input, textarea, checkbox, radio, and select.
Inputs
最常见的表单文本字段是输入字段。这是用户输入大多数基本表单数据的地方。Bootstrap 支持所有原生 HTML5 输入类型:文本、密码、日期时间、日期时间局部、日期、月份、时间、星期、数字、电子邮件、网址、搜索、电话和颜色。需要正确的类型声明才能使输入完全设置样式。
The most common form text field is the input field. This is where users will enter most of the essential form data. Bootstrap offers support for all native HTML5 input types: text, password, datetime, datetime-local, date, month, time, week, number, email, url, search, tel, and color. Proper type declaration is required to make Inputs fully styled.
<form role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "name">Label</label>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Text input">
</div>
</form>
Textarea
当需要多行输入时,使用文本区。根据需要更改行属性(行数较少 = 较小的框,行数较多 = 较大的框)。
The textarea is used when you need multiple lines of input. Change rows attribute as necessary (fewer rows = smaller box, more rows = bigger box).
<form role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "name">Text Area</label>
<textarea class = "form-control" rows = "3"></textarea>
</div>
</form>
CheckBoxes and Radio Buttons
当希望用户从预设选项列表中进行选择时,复选框和单选按钮非常合适。
Checkboxes and radio buttons are great when you want users to choose from a list of preset options.
-
When building a form, use checkbox if you want the user to select any number of options from a list. Use radio if you want to limit the user to just one selection.
-
Use .checkbox-inline or .radio-inline class to a series of checkboxes or radios for controls appear on the same line.
以下示例展示了两种(默认和内联)类型:
The following example demonstrates both (default and inline) types −
<label for = "name">Example of Default Checkbox and radio button </label>
<div class = "checkbox">
<label>
<input type = "checkbox" value = "">Option 1
</label>
</div>
<div class = "checkbox">
<label>
<input type = "checkbox" value = "">Option 2
</label>
</div>
<div class = "radio">
<label>
<input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadios" id = "optionsRadios1" value = "option1" checked> Option 1
</label>
</div>
<div class = "radio">
<label>
<input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadios" id = "optionsRadios2" value = "option2">
Option 2 - selecting it will deselect option 1
</label>
</div>
<label for = "name">Example of Inline Checkbox and radio button </label>
<div>
<label class = "checkbox-inline">
<input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox1" value = "option1"> Option 1
</label>
<label class = "checkbox-inline">
<input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox2" value = "option2"> Option 2
</label>
<label class = "checkbox-inline">
<input type = "checkbox" id = "inlineCheckbox3" value = "option3"> Option 3
</label>
<label class = "checkbox-inline">
<input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadiosinline" id = "optionsRadios3" value = "option1" checked> Option 1
</label>
<label class = "checkbox-inline">
<input type = "radio" name = "optionsRadiosinline" id = "optionsRadios4" value = "option2"> Option 2
</label>
</div>
Selects
当您希望允许用户从多个选项中进行选择时,但默认情况下仅允许选择一项时,可以使用选择器。
A select is used when you want to allow the user to pick from multiple options, but by default it only allows one.
-
Use <select> for list options with which the user is familiar, such as states or numbers.
-
Use multiple = "multiple" to allow the users to select more than one option.
以下示例展示了两种(选择和多选)类型:
The following example demonstrates both (select and multiple) types −
<form role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "name">Select list</label>
<select class = "form-control">
<option>1</option>
<option>2</option>
<option>3</option>
<option>4</option>
<option>5</option>
</select>
<label for = "name">Mutiple Select list</label>
<select multiple class = "form-control">
<option>1</option>
<option>2</option>
<option>3</option>
<option>4</option>
<option>5</option>
</select>
</div>
</form>
Static Control
当您需要在水平表单中将纯文本放在表单标签旁边时,对 <p> 使用 .form-control-static 类。
Use the class .form-control-static on a <p>, when you need to place plain text next to a form label within a horizontal form.
<form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label class = "col-sm-2 control-label">Email</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<p class = "form-control-static">email@example.com</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "inputPassword" class = "col-sm-2 control-label">Password</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input type = "password" class = "form-control" id = "inputPassword" placeholder = "Password">
</div>
</div>
</form>
Form Control States
除了 :focus(即用户点击输入或在其上使用制表符)状态外,Bootstrap 还针对禁用输入和表单验证提供了样式。
In addition to the :focus (i.e., a user clicks into the input or tabs onto it) state, Bootstrap offers styling for disabled inputs and classes for form validation.
Input Focus
当输入接收 :focus 时,将移除输入的轮廓并应用框阴影。
When an input receives :focus, the outline of the input is removed and a box-shadow is applied.
Disabled lnputs
如果您需要禁用输入,只需添加 disabled 属性不仅会禁用它;当光标悬停在元素上时,它还将更改样式和鼠标光标。
If you need to disable an input, simply adding the disabled attribute will not only disable it; it will also change the styling and the mouse cursor when the cursor hovers over the element.
Disabled Fieldsets
将 disabled 属性添加到 <fieldset>,以一次禁用 <fieldset> 中的所有控件。
Add the disabled attribute to a <fieldset> to disable all the controls within the <fieldset> at once.
Validation States
Bootstrap 包括错误、警告和成功消息的验证样式。要使用,只需向父元素添加适当的类(.has-warning、.has-error 或 .has-success)即可。
Bootstrap includes validation styles for errors, warnings, and success messages. To use, simply add the appropriate class (.has-warning, .has-error, or .has-success) to the parent element.
以下示例演示了所有表单控件状态:
The following example demonstrates all the form control states −
<form class = "form-horizontal" role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label class = "col-sm-2 control-label">Focused</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input class = "form-control" id = "focusedInput" type = "text" value = "This is focused...">
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "inputPassword" class = "col-sm-2 control-label">
Disabled
</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input class = "form-control" id = "disabledInput" type = "text" placeholder = "Disabled input here..." disabled>
</div>
</div>
<fieldset disabled>
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "disabledTextInput" class = "col-sm-2 control-label">
Disabled input (Fieldset disabled)
</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input type = "text" id = "disabledTextInput" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Disabled input">
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<label for = "disabledSelect" class = "col-sm-2 control-label">
Disabled select menu (Fieldset disabled)
</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<select id = "disabledSelect" class = "form-control">
<option>Disabled select</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
</fieldset>
<div class = "form-group has-success">
<label class = "col-sm-2 control-label" for = "inputSuccess">
Input with success
</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputSuccess">
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group has-warning">
<label class = "col-sm-2 control-label" for = "inputWarning">
Input with warning
</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputWarning">
</div>
</div>
<div class = "form-group has-error">
<label class = "col-sm-2 control-label" for = "inputError">
Input with error
</label>
<div class = "col-sm-10">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" id = "inputError">
</div>
</div>
</form>
Form Control Sizing
您可以分别使用 .input-lg 和 .col-lg-* 等类设置表单的高度和宽度。以下示例演示了这一点:
You can set heights and widths of forms using classes like .input-lg and .col-lg-* respectively. The following example demonstrates this −
<form role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<input class = "form-control input-lg" type = "text" placeholder =".input-lg">
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<input class = "form-control" type = "text" placeholder = "Default input">
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<input class = "form-control input-sm" type = "text" placeholder = ".input-sm">
</div>
<div class = "form-group"></div>
<div class = "form-group">
<select class = "form-control input-lg">
<option value = "">.input-lg</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<select class = "form-control">
<option value = "">Default select</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<select class = "form-control input-sm">
<option value = "">.input-sm</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-lg-2">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-lg-2">
</div>
<div class = "col-lg-3">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-lg-3">
</div>
<div class = "col-lg-4">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = ".col-lg-4">
</div>
</div>
</form>
Help Text
Bootstrap 表单控件可以具有随输入一起显示的块级帮助文本。要添加一个全宽文本块,请在 <input> 之后使用 .help-block。以下示例演示了这一点:
Bootstrap form controls can have a block level help text that flows with the inputs. To add a full width block of content, use the .help-block after the <input>. The following example demonstrates this −
<form role = "form">
<span>Example of Help Text</span>
<input class = "form-control" type = "text" placeholder = "">
<span class = "help-block">
A longer block of help text that breaks onto a new line and may extend beyond one line.
</span>
</form>
Bootstrap - Buttons
本章涵盖 Bootstrap 按钮的使用方法并附带示例。任何被赋予 .btn 类的对象都将继承圆角灰色按钮的默认外观。但是,Bootstrap 提供了一些用于设置按钮样式的选项,这些选项总结在以下表格中:
This chapter covers the use age of Bootstrap button with examples. Anything that is given a class of .btn will inherit the default look of a gray button with rounded corners. However, Bootstrap provides some options to style buttons, which are summarized in the following table −
Sr.No. |
Class & Description |
1 |
btn Default/ Standard button. |
2 |
btn-primary Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons. |
3 |
btn-success Indicates a successful or positive action. |
4 |
btn-info Contextual button for informational alert messages. |
5 |
btn-warning Indicates caution should be taken with this action. |
6 |
btn-danger Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action. |
7 |
btn-link Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior. |
以下示例展示了上述所有按钮类:
The following example demonstrates all the above button classes −
<!-- Standard button -->
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Default Button</button>
<!-- Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons -->
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary">Primary Button</button>
<!-- Indicates a successful or positive action -->
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-success">Success Button</button>
<!-- Contextual button for informational alert messages -->
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-info">Info Button</button>
<!-- Indicates caution should be taken with this action -->
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-warning">Warning Button</button>
<!-- Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action -->
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-danger">Danger Button</button>
<!-- Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior -->
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-link">Link Button</button>
Button Size
下表总结了用于获取各种大小按钮的类:
The following table summarizes the classes used to get buttons of various sizes −
Sr.No. |
Class & Description |
1 |
.btn-lg This makes the button size large. |
2 |
.btn-sm This makes the button size small. |
3 |
.btn-xs This makes the button size extra small. |
4 |
.btn-block This creates block level buttons—those that span the full width of a parent. |
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg">
Large Primary button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg">
Large button
</button>
</p>
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary">
Default size Primary button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">
Default size button
</button>
</p>
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-sm">
Small Primary button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-sm">
Small button
</button>
</p>
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-xs">
Extra small Primary button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-xs">
Extra small button
</button>
</p>
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg btn-block">
Block level Primary button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg btn-block">
Block level button
</button>
</p>
Button State
Bootstrap 提供了可让您将按钮的状态更改为活跃、禁用等状态的类,以下几节中将讨论每个类。
Bootstrap provides classes which allow you to change the state of buttons as active, disabled etc. each of which are discussed in the following sections.
Active State
处于活跃状态时,按钮会显示为已按压(背景更深、边框更深、内嵌阴影)。下表汇总了用于使按钮元素和锚元素处于活跃状态的类:
Buttons will appear pressed (with a darker background, darker border, and inset shadow) when active. The following table summarizes classes used to make button elements and anchor elements active −
Element |
Class |
Button element |
Use .active class to show that it is activated. |
Anchor element |
Use .active class to <a> buttons to show that it is activated. |
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg ">
Default Button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg active">
Active Button
</button>
</p>
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg">
Primary button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg active">
Active Primary button
</button>
</p>
Disabled State
当您禁用按钮时,其颜色会淡去 50%,并且失去渐变效果。
When you disable a button, it will fade in color by 50%, and lose the gradient.
下表汇总了用于使按钮元素和锚元素处于禁用状态的类:
The following table summarizes classes used to make button element and anchor element disabled −
Element |
Class |
Button element |
Add the disabled attribute to <button> buttons. |
Anchor element |
Add the disabled class to <a> buttons. Note − This class will only change the <a>'s appearance, not its functionality. You need to use custom JavaScript to disable links here. |
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg">
Default Button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg" disabled = "disabled">
Disabled Button
</button>
</p>
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg">
Primary button
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" disabled = "disabled">
Disabled Primary button
</button>
</p>
<p>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg" role = "button">
Link
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg disabled" role = "button">
Disabled Link
</a>
</p>
<p>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" role = "button">
Primary link
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg disabled" role = "button">
Disabled Primary link
</a>
</p>
Button Tags
您可以对 <a>、<button> 或 <input> 元素使用按钮类。不过建议您主要使用 <button> 元素对这些类,以避免出现浏览器不一致的问题。
You may use button classes with <a>, <button>, or <input> element. But it is recommended that you use it with <button> elements mostly to avoid cross browser inconsistency issues.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<a class = "btn btn-default" href = "#" role = "button">Link</a>
<button class = "btn btn-default" type = "submit">Button</button>
<input class = "btn btn-default" type = "button" value = "Input">
<input class = "btn btn-default" type = "submit" value = "Submit">
Bootstrap - Images
本章涵盖 Bootstrap 对图像的支持。Bootstrap 提供了可用于对图像应用一些简单样式的三种类:
This chapter covers the Bootstrap support for images. Bootstrap provides three classes that can be used to apply some simple styles to images −
-
.img-rounded − adds border-radius:6px to give the image rounded corners.
-
.img-circle − makes the entire image round by adding border-radius:500px.
-
.img-thumbnail − adds a bit of padding and a gray border −
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/download.png" class = "img-rounded">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/download.png" class = "img-circle">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/download.png" class = "img-thumbnail">
Bootstrap - Helper Classes
本章讨论 Bootstrap 中的一些辅助类,这些类可能非常有用。
This chapter discusses some of the helper classes in Bootstrap that might come in handy.
Close icon
使用通用关闭图标来关闭模态框和提醒等内容。使用类 close 来获取关闭图标。
Use the generic close icon for dismissing content like modals and alerts. Use the class close to get the close icon.
<p>Close Icon Example
<button type = "button" class = "close" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
</p>
Carets
用插入符号指示下拉功能和方向。获取该功能,<span>
元素使用类 caret 。
Use carets to indicate dropdown functionality and direction. To get this functionality use the class caret with a <span> element.
<p>Caret Example<span class = "caret"></span></p>
Quick Floats
你可以将元素 float 到左边或右边,使用类 pull-left ,或 pull-right ,以下示例予以演示。
You can float an element to the left or right with class pull-left or pull-right respectively the following example demonstrates this.
<div class = "pull-left">Quick Float to left</div>
<div class = "pull-right">Quick Float to right</div>
Center Content Blocks
将元素设置为居中的,使用 center-block 类。
Use class center-block to set an element to center.
<div class = "row">
<div class = "center-block" style = "width:200px; background-color:#ccc;">
This is an example for center-block
</div>
</div>
Clearfix
清除任何元素的 float,使用 .clearfix 类。
To clear the float of any element, use the .clearfix class.
<div class = "clearfix" style = "background: #D8D8D8;border: 1px solid #000; padding: 10px;">
<div class = "pull-left" style = "background:#58D3F7;">
Quick Float to left
</div>
<div class = "pull-right" style = "background: #DA81F5;">
Quick Float to right
</div>
</div>
Showing and Hiding Content
你可以强制显示或隐藏一个元素(包括对屏幕阅读器),使用类 .show 和 .hidden 。
You can force an element to be shown or hidden (including for screen readers) with the use of classes .show and .hidden.
<div class = "row" style = "padding: 91px 100px 19px 50px;">
<div class = "show" style = "left-margin:10px; width:300px; background-color:#ccc;">
This is an example for show class
</div>
<div class = "hidden" style = "width:200px; background-color:#ccc;">
This is an example for hide class
</div>
</div>
Screen Reader Content
你可以隐藏一个元素对除屏幕阅读器以外的所有设备,使用 .sr-only 类。
You can hide an element to all devices except screen readers with the class .sr-only.
<div class = "row" style = "padding: 91px 100px 19px 50px;">
<form class = "form-inline" role = "form">
<div class = "form-group">
<label class = "sr-only" for = "email">Email address</label>
<input type = "email" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Enter email">
</div>
<div class = "form-group">
<label class = "sr-only" for = "pass">Password</label>
<input type = "password" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Password">
</div>
</form>
</div>
在这里,我们可以看到,两种输入类型的 label 都被赋予 sr-only 类,因此标签仅对屏幕阅读器可见。
Here we can see that the label of both the input types is assigned the class sr-only, hence labels will be visible to only screen readers.
Bootstrap - Responsive utilities
Bootstrap 提供了一些有用的辅助类,用于快速移动端友好开发。这些辅助类可以通过媒体查询,结合大型、小型和中型设备,用于通过设备显示和隐藏内容。
Bootstrap provides some handful helper classes, for faster mobile-friendly development. These can be used for showing and hiding content by device via media query, combined with large, small, and medium devices.
谨慎使用这些辅助类,避免创建完全不同的网站版本。 Responsive utilities are currently only available for block and table toggling 。
Use these sparingly and avoid creating entirely different versions of the same site. Responsive utilities are currently only available for block and table toggling.
Classes |
Devices |
.visible-xs |
Extra small (less than 768px) visible |
.visible-sm |
Small (up to 768 px) visible |
.visible-md |
Medium (768 px to 991 px) visible |
.visible-lg |
Larger (992 px and above) visible |
.hidden-xs |
Extra small (less than 768px) hidden |
.hidden-sm |
Small (up to 768 px) hidden |
.hidden-md |
Medium (768 px to 991 px) hidden |
.hidden-lg |
Larger (992 px and above) hidden |
Print Classes
下表列出了打印类。用于切换打印的内容。
The following table lists the print classes. Use these for toggling the content for print.
Classes |
|
.visible-print |
Yes Visible |
.hidden-print |
Visible only to browser not to print. |
Example
以下范例展示了上述辅助类别的用法。调整浏览器的大小或在不同的设备上载入范例,以测试响应式辅助类别。
The following example demonstrates the use of above listed helper classes. Resize your browser or load the example on different devices to test the responsive utility classes.
<div class = "container" style = "padding: 40px;">
<div class = "row visible-on">
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<span class = "hidden-xs">Extra small</span>
<span class = "visible-xs">✔ Visible on x-small</span>
</div>
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<span class = "hidden-sm">Small</span>
<span class = "visible-sm">✔ Visible on small</span>
</div>
<div class = "clearfix visible-xs"></div>
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<span class = "hidden-md">Medium</span>
<span class = "visible-md">✔ Visible on medium</span>
</div>
<div class = "col-xs-6 col-sm-3" style = "background-color: #dedef8;
box-shadow: inset 1px -1px 1px #444, inset -1px 1px 1px #444;">
<span class = "hidden-lg">Large</span>
<span class = "visible-lg">✔ Visible on large</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Checkmarks 指示元素在当前视窗中可见。
Checkmarks indicates that the element is visible in your current viewport.
Bootstrap - Glyphicons
本章将说明 Glyphicons、其用法以及一些范例。Bootstrap 汇整 200 个字形符号(以字体格式)。现在让我们了解什么是 Glyphicons。
This chapter will discuss about Glyphicons, its use and some examples. Bootstrap bundles 200 glyphs in font format. Let us now understand what Glyphicons are.
What are Glyphicons?
Glyphicons 是您可以用在网页专案中的图示字体。 Glyphicons Halflings 不是免费的且需要授权,但是它们的创作者已免费提供给 Bootstrap 专案使用。
Glyphicons are icon fonts which you can use in your web projects. Glyphicons Halflings are not free and require licensing, however their creator has made them available for Bootstrap projects free of cost.
Where to find Glyphicons?
现在我们已经下载了 Bootstrap 3.x 版本,也从章节 Environment Setup 了解其目录结构。Glyphicons 可以从 fonts 资料夹中找到。这项包含以下文件:
Now that we have downloaded Bootstrap 3.x version and understand its directory structure from the chapter Environment Setup, glyphicons can be found within the fonts folder. This contains the following files −
-
glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot
-
glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg
-
glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf
-
glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff
相关 CSS 规则存在于 dist 资料夹中的 css 资料夹内 bootstrap.css 和 bootstrap-min.css 文件中。您可以在 GLYPHICONS 这个连结看到可用的 Glyphicons。
Associated CSS rules are present within bootstrap.css and bootstrap-min.css files within css folder of dist folder. You can see the available glyphicons at this link GLYPHICONS.
Usage
要使用图示,只要在代码中的任何地方使用以下代码即可。在图示与文字之间留下空格,以适当填充。
To use the icons, simply use the following code just about anywhere in your code. Leave a space between the icon and text for proper padding.
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span>
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-attributes"></span>
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-attributes-alt"></span>
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-order"></span>
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-sort-by-order-alt"></span>
</button>
</p>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-lg">
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span>
User
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default btn-sm">
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span>
User
</button>
<button type ="button" class = "btn btn-default btn-xs">
<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span>
User
</button>
Bootstrap - Dropdowns
本章将说明 Bootstrap 下拉式菜单。下拉式菜单是可以切换的,用以清单格式显示连结的情境式菜单。这可以使用 dropdown JavaScript plugin 产生互动性。
This chapter will highlight about Bootstrap dropdown menus. Dropdown menus are toggleable, contextual menus for displaying links in a list format. This can be made interactive with the dropdown JavaScript plugin.
要使用下拉式菜单,只要将下拉式菜单包装在类别 .dropdown 中。以下范例展示基本下拉式菜单:
To use dropdown, just wrap the dropdown menu within the class .dropdown.The following example demonstrates a basic dropdown menu −
<div class = "dropdown">
<button type = "button" class = "btn dropdown-toggle" id = "dropdownMenu1" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Topics
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "dropdownMenu1">
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Java</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Data Mining</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">
Data Communication/Networking
</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation" class = "divider"></li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Separated link</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
Options
Alignment
透过在 .dropdown-menu 中加入类别 .pull-right ,将下拉式菜单对齐到右边。以下范例展示这样的作法:
Align the dropdown menu to right by adding the class .pull-right to .dropdown-menu. The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "dropdown">
<button type = "button" class = "btn dropdown-toggle" id = "dropdownMenu1" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Topics
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu pull-right" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "dropdownMenu1">
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Java</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Data Mining</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">
Data Communication/Networking
</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation" class = "divider"></li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Separated link</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
Headers
您可以在任何下拉式菜单中,使用类别 dropdown-header 为动作的部分加上标签。以下范例展示这样的作法:
You can add a header to label sections of actions in any dropdown menu by using the class dropdown-header. The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "dropdown">
<button type = "button" class = "btn dropdown-toggle" id = "dropdownMenu1" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Topics
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "dropdownMenu1">
<li role = "presentation" class = "dropdown-header">Dropdown header</li>
<li role = "presentation" >
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Java</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Data Mining</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">
Data Communication/Networking
</a>
</li>
<li role = "presentation" class = "divider"></li>
<li role = "presentation" class = "dropdown-header">Dropdown header</li>
<li role = "presentation">
<a role = "menuitem" tabindex = "-1" href = "#">Separated link</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
Bootstrap - Button Groups
按钮群组允许多个按钮堆叠在单一行上。当您想将诸如对齐按钮之类的项目置在一起时,这会有用。您可以使用 Bootstrap Button Plugin 加入选择性的 JavaScript 单选按钮和核取方块样式的行为。
Button groups allow multiple buttons to be stacked together on a single line. This is useful when you want to place items like alignment buttons together. You can add on optional JavaScript radio and checkbox style behavior with Bootstrap Button Plugin.
以下表格总结了 Bootstrap 提供来供按钮群组使用的重要类别:
Following table summarizes the important classes Bootstrap provides to use button groups −
Class |
Description |
Code Sample |
.btn-group |
This class is used for a basic button group. Wrap a series of buttons with class .btn in .btn-group. |
<div class = "btn-group"> <button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button1</button> <button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button2</button> </div> |
.btn-toolbar |
This helps to combine sets of <div class = "btn-group"> into a <div class = "btn-toolbar"> for more complex components. |
<div class = "btn-toolbar" role = "toolbar"> <div class = "btn-group">…</div> <div class = "btn-group">…</div> </div> |
.btn-group-lg, .btn-group-sm, .btn-group-xs |
These classes can be applied to button group instead of resizing each button. |
<div class = "btn-group btn-group-lg">…</div> <div class = "btn-group btn-group-sm">…</div> <div class = "btn-group btn-group-xs">…</div> |
.btn-group-vertical |
This class make a set of buttons appear vertically stacked rather than horizontally. |
<div class = "btn-group-vertical"> … </div> |
Basic Button Group
以下示例演示了上述表中讨论的类 .btn-group 的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of class .btn-group discussed in the above table −
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 1</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 2</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 3</button>
</div>
Button Toolbar
以下示例演示了上述表中讨论的类 .btn-toolbar 的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of class .btn-toolbar discussed in the above table −
<div class = "btn-toolbar" role = "toolbar">
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 1</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 2</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 3</button>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 4</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 5</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 6</button>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 7</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 8</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 9</button>
</div>
</div>
Button Size
以下示例演示了上述表中讨论的类 .btn-group- * 的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of class .btn-group-* discussed in the above table −
<div class = "btn-group btn-group-lg">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 1</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 2</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 3</button>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group btn-group-sm">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 4</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 5</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 6</button>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group btn-group-xs">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 7</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 8</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 9</button>
</div>
Nesting
可以在另一个按钮组中嵌套按钮组,即在另一个 .btn-group * 中放置 *.btn-group 。这样做时要将下拉菜单与一系列按钮混合在一起。
You can nest button groups within another button group i.e, place a .btn-group within another *.btn-group *. This is done when you want dropdown menus mixed with a series of buttons.
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 1</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 2</button>
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Dropdown
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">Dropdown link 1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Dropdown link 2</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
Vertical Buttongroup
以下示例演示了上述表中讨论的类 .btn-group-vertical 的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of class .btn-group-vertical discussed in the above table −
<div class = "btn-group-vertical">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 1</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Button 2</button>
<div class = "btn-group-vertical">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Dropdown
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">Dropdown link 1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Dropdown link 2</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
Bootstrap - Button Dropdowns
本章将讨论如何使用 Bootstrap 类为按钮添加下拉菜单。要为按钮添加下拉菜单,只需将按钮和下拉菜单包装在 .btn-group 中。你也可以使用 <span class = "caret"></span> 作为指示器,表示该按钮是一个下拉菜单。
This chapter will discuss about how to add dropdown menu to buttons using Bootstrap classes. To add a dropdown to a button, simply wrap the button and dropdown menu in a .btn-group. You can also use <span class = "caret"></span> to act as an indicator that the button is a dropdown.
以下示例演示了基本单按钮下拉菜单 −
The following example demonstrates a basic single button dropdowns −
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Default
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Primary
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Split Button Dropdowns
拆分按钮下拉菜单使用与下拉按钮相同的一般样式,但在下拉菜单中添加了一个主要操作。拆分按钮左侧有主要操作,右侧有显示下拉菜单的切换按钮。
Split button dropdowns use the same general style as the dropdown button but add a primary action along with the dropdown. Split buttons have the primary action on the left and a toggle on the right that displays the dropdown.
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default">Default</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
<span class = "caret"></span>
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
<span class = "caret"></span>
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Button Dropdown Size
你可以对任何按钮大小使用下拉菜单 − .btn-large, .btn-sm, *or *.btn-xs 。
You can use the dropdowns with any button size − .btn-large, .btn-sm, *or *.btn-xs.
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle btn-lg" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Default
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle btn-sm" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Primary
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-success dropdown-toggle btn-xs" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Success
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
Dropup Variation
可以构建向上而不是向下拉开的菜单。要实现此目的,只需将 .dropup 添加到父 .btn-group 容器。
Menus can also be built to drop up rather than down. To achieve this, simply add .dropup to the parent .btn-group container.
<div class = "row" style = "margin-left:50px; margin-top:200px">
<div class = "btn-group dropup">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Default
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class = "btn-group dropup">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Primary
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
Bootstrap - Input Groups
本章介绍 Bootstrap 支持的另一项功能,即输入组。输入组扩展了 Form Controls 。使用输入组,你可以轻松地在基于文本的输入前面或后面添加文本或按钮。
This chapter explains about one more feature Bootstrap supports, the Input Groups. Input groups are extended Form Controls. Using input groups you can easily prepend and append text or buttons to the text-based inputs.
通过在输入字段中添加前置和后置内容,可以将通用元素添加到用户输入的内容中。例如,你可以添加美元符号、用于 Twitter 用户名的@符号,或任何其他应用程序界面中常见的元素。
By adding prepended and appended content to an input field, you can add common elements to the user’s input. For example, you can add the dollar symbol, the @ for a Twitter username, or anything else that might be common for your application interface.
要在 .form-control 中添加前置或后置元素,请执行以下操作:
To prepend or append elements to a .form-control−
-
Wrap it in a <div> with class .input-group
-
As a next step, within that same <div> , place your extra content inside a <span> with class .input-group-addon.
-
Now place this <span> either before or after the <input> element.
Basic Input Group
以下示例演示了基本输入组 −
The following example demonstrates basic input group −
<div style = "padding: 100px 100px 10px;">
<form class = "bs-example bs-example-form" role = "form">
<div class = "input-group">
<span class = "input-group-addon">@</span>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "twitterhandle">
</div>
<br>
<div class = "input-group">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
<span class = "input-group-addon">.00</span>
</div>
<br>
<div class = "input-group">
<span class = "input-group-addon">$</span>
<input type = "text" class =" form-control">
<span class = "input-group-addon">.00</span>
</div>
</form>
</div>
Input Group Sizing
可以通过为 .input-group 本身添加相对大小类的尺寸类,例如 .input-group-lg, input-group-sm, input-group-xs ,来更改输入组的大小。其中内容会自动调整大小。
You can change the size of the input groups, by adding the relative form sizing classes like .input-group-lg, input-group-sm, input-group-xs to the .input-group itself. The contents within will automatically resize.
以下示例演示了此操作:
Following examples demonstrates this −
<div style = "padding: 100px 100px 10px;">
<form class = "bs-example bs-example-form" role = "form">
<div class = "input-group input-group-lg">
<span class = "input-group-addon">@</span>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Twitterhandle">
</div>
<br>
<div class = "input-group">
<span class = "input-group-addon">@</span>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Twitterhandle">
</div>
<br>
<div class = "input-group input-group-sm">
<span class = "input-group-addon">@</span>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Twitterhandle">
</div>
</form>
</div>
Checkboxes and Radio Addons
可以添加或附加单选按钮和复选框,而不是文本,如下例所示:
You can preappend or append radio buttons and checkboxes instead of text as demonstrated in the following example −
<div style = "padding: 100px 100px 10px;">
<form class = "bs-example bs-example-form" role = "form">
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<span class = "input-group-addon">
<input type = "checkbox">
</span>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 --><br>
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<span class = "input-group-addon">
<input type = "radio">
</span>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</form>
</div>
Button Addons
你甚至可以在输入组中添加或附加按钮。除了 .input-group-addon 类,还需要使用 .input-group-btn 类来包装按钮。这是由于默认的浏览器样式无法覆盖。以下示例演示了此操作:
You can even preappend or append buttons in input groups. Instead of .input-group-addon class, you’ll need to use class .input-group-btn to wrap the buttons. This is required due to the default browser styles that cannot be overridden. Following examples demonstrates this −
<div style = "padding: 100px 100px 10px;">
<form class = "bs-example bs-example-form" role = "form">
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<span class = "input-group-btn">
<button class = "btn btn-default" type = "button">
Go!
</button>
</span>
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 --><br>
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
<span class = "input-group-btn">
<button class = "btn btn-default" type = "button">
Go!
</button>
</span>
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</form>
</div>
Buttons with Dropdowns
可以通过简单地将按钮和下拉菜单包装在 .input-group-btn 类中,来在输入组中添加带下拉菜单的按钮,如下例所示:
Adding buttons with dropdown menus in input groups can be done by simply wrapping the button and dropdown menu in a .input-group-btn class as demonstrated in the following example −
<div style = "padding: 100px 100px 10px;">
<form class = "bs-example bs-example-form" role = "form">
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<div class = "input-group-btn">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle"
data-toggle = "dropdown">
DropdownMenu
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 --><br>
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
<div class = "input-group-btn">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle"
data-toggle = "dropdown">
DropdownMenu
<span class = "caret"></span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu pull-right">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</form>
</div>
Segmented Buttons
要分割输入组中的按钮下拉菜单,请使用与下拉按钮相同的通用样式,但添加一个主要操作以及下拉菜单,如以下示例所示:
To segment button dropdowns in input groups, use the same general style as the dropdown button, but add a primary action along with the dropdown as can be seen in the following example −
<div style = "padding: 100px 100px 10px;">
<form class = "bs-example bs-example-form" role = "form">
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<div class = "input-group-btn">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default"
tabindex = "-1">Dropdown Menu</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle"
data-toggle = "dropdown" tabindex = "-1">
<span class = "caret"></span>
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href ="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 --><br>
<div class = "col-lg-6">
<div class = "input-group">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control">
<div class = "input-group-btn">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" tabindex = "-1">
Dropdown Menu
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default dropdown-toggle"
data-toggle = "dropdown" tabindex = "-1">
<span class = "caret"></span>
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span>
</button>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu pull-right">
<li><a href = "#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Something else here</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /btn-group -->
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-lg-6 -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</form>
</div>
Bootstrap - Navigation Elements
Bootstrap 为导航元素的样式提供了几种不同的选项。所有这些都共享相同的标记和基本类 .nav 。Bootstrap 还提供一个辅助类,以共享标记和状态。交换修饰符类以在每种样式之间切换。
Bootstrap provides a few different options for styling navigation elements. All of them share the same markup and base class, .nav. Bootstrap also provides a helper class, to share markup and states. Swap modifier classes to switch between each style.
Tabular Navigation or Tabs
创建选项卡式导航菜单:
To create a tabbed navigation menu −
-
Start with a basic unordered list with the base class of .nav
-
Add class .nav-tabs.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>Tabs Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Java</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Pills Navigation
Basic Pills
要将选项卡变成药丸,请按照上述相同的步骤执行,使用类 .nav-pills 代替 .nav-tabs 。
To turn the tabs into pills, follow the same steps as above, use the class .nav-pills instead of .nav-tabs.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>Pills Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-pills">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Java</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Vertical Pills
你可以使用类 .nav-stacked 以及类 .nav, .nav-pills 垂直堆叠药丸。
You can stack the pills vertically using the class .nav-stacked along with the classes − .nav, .nav-pills.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>Vertical Pills Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-pills nav-stacked">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Java</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Justified Nav
使用类 .nav-justified 以及 .nav, .nav-tabs 或 .nav, .nav-pills ,分别在屏幕宽度大于 768 个像素时,可以使选项卡或药丸与它们的父级等宽。在较小的屏幕上,导航链接被堆叠。
You can make tabs or pills of equal widths as of their parent at screens wider than 768px using class .nav-justified along with .nav, .nav-tabs or .nav, .nav-pills respectively. On smaller screens, the nav links are stacked.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<p>Justified Nav Elements Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-pills nav-justified">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Java</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs nav-justified">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Java</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Disabled Links
对于每个 .nav 类,如果添加 .disabled 类,它将创建一个灰色链接,它还会禁用 :hover 状态,如下例所示:
For each of the .nav classes, if you add the .disabled class, it will create a gray link that also disables the :hover state as shown in the following example −
<p>Disabled Link Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-pills">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "disabled"><a href = "#">iOS(disabled link)</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Java</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
<br>
<br>
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li class = "disabled"><a href = "#">VB.Net(disabled link)</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Java</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Dropdowns
导航菜单与下拉菜单共享相似的语法。默认情况下,你有一个列表项,该列表项具有一个锚点,与某些 data-attributes 结合使用,以触发一个具有 .dropdown-menu 类的无序列表。
Navigation menus share a similar syntax with dropdown menus. By default, you have a list item that has an anchor working in conjunction with some data-attributes to trigger an unordered list with a .dropdown-menu class.
Tabs with Dropdowns
向标签添加下拉列表:
To add dropdowns to tab −
-
Start with a basic unordered list with the base class of .nav
-
Add the class .nav-tabs.
-
Now add an unordered list with a .dropdown-menu class.
<p>Tabs With Dropdown Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown" href = "#">
Java
<span class = "caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">Swing</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">jMeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Pills with Dropdowns
要对药丸执行相同操作,只需将 .nav-tabs 类与 .nav-pills 交换,如下例所示。
To do the same thing with pills, simply swap the .nav-tabs class with .nav-pills as shown in the following example.
<p>Pills With Dropdown Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-pills">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown" href = "#">
Java <span class = "caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">Swing</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">jMeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Bootstrap - Navbar
导航栏是 Bootstrap 站点的重要功能之一。导航栏是响应式的“元”组件,用作应用程序或网站的导航头。导航栏在移动视图中折叠,并随着可用的视口宽度增加而变为水平。其核心是,导航栏包括为站点名称和基本导航设置样式。
The navbar is one of the prominent features of Bootstrap sites. Navbars are responsive 'meta' components that serve as navigation headers for your application or site. Navbars collapse in mobile views and become horizontal as the available viewport width increases. At its core, the navbar includes styling for site names and basic navigation.
Default Navbar
创建默认导航栏:
To create a default navbar −
-
Add the classes .navbar, .navbar-default to the <nav> tag.
-
Add role = "navigation" to the above element, to help with accessibility.
-
Add a header class .navbar-header to the <div> element. Include an <a> element with class navbar-brand. This will give the text a slightly larger size.
-
To add links to the navbar, simply add an unordered list with the classes of .nav, .navbar-nav.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Responsive Navbar
若要向导航栏添加响应式功能,则需要将你想折叠的内容包装在一个 <div> 中,其类为 .collapse, .navbar-collapse 。折叠特性是由一个带有 .navbar-toggle 类的按钮触发的,然后具有两个 data- 元素。第一个 data-toggle 用于告诉 JavaScript 按钮应执行什么操作,而第二个 data-target 则指示要切换哪个元素。然后,使用一个类 .icon-bar 创建我们称之为汉堡包按钮的内容。这将切换 .nav-collapse <div> 中的元素。此功能需要包括 Bootstrap Collapse Plugin 才能工作。
To add responsive features to the navbar, the content that you want to be collapsed needs to be wrapped in a <div> with classes .collapse, .navbar-collapse. The collapsing nature is tripped by a button that has the class of .navbar-toggle and then features two data- elements. The first, data-toggle, is used to tell the JavaScript what to do with the button, and the second, data-target, indicates which element to toggle. Then with a class .icon-bar create what we like to call the hamburger button. This will toggle the elements that are in the .nav-collapse <div>. For this feature to work, you need to include the Bootstrap Collapse Plugin.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<button type = "button" class = "navbar-toggle"
data-toggle = "collapse" data-target = "#example-navbar-collapse">
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div class = "collapse navbar-collapse" id = "example-navbar-collapse">
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Forms in Navbar
不要使用第 Bootstrap Forms 章中的默认基于类的表单,而是使用出现在导航栏中的 .navbar-form 类表单。这样可以确保表单在狭窄视口中拥有适当的垂直对齐方式和折叠动作。使用对齐选项(在“组件对齐”部分中解释)来决定它位于导航栏内容中的哪个位置。
Instead of using the default class-based forms from Chapter Bootstrap Forms, forms that are in the navbar, use the .navbar-form class. This ensures that the form’s proper vertical alignment and collapsed behavior in narrow viewports. Use the alignment options (explained in Component alignment section) to decide where it resides within the navbar content.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<form class = "navbar-form navbar-left" role = "search">
<div class = "form-group">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Search">
</div>
<button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
Buttons in Navbar
你可以使用类 .navbar-btn 将按钮添加到不位于 <form> 中的 <button> 元素,以将其垂直居中到导航栏。 .navbar-btn 可以用于 <a> 和 <input> 元素。
You can add buttons using class .navbar-btn to <button> elements not residing in a <form> to vertically center them in the navbar. .navbar-btn can be used on <a> and <input> elements.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<form class = "navbar-form navbar-left" role = "search">
<div class = "form-group">
<input type = "text" class = "form-control" placeholder = "Search">
</div>
<button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default">Submit Button</button>
</form>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default navbar-btn">Navbar Button</button>
</div>
</nav>
Text in Navbar
若要将字符串文本包装在元素中,请使用类 .navbar-text 。这通常与 <p> 标记一起使用,以获得正确的行距和颜色。以下示例演示了此操作:
To wrap strings of text in an element use the class .navbar-text. This is usually used with <p> tag for proper leading and color. The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<p class = "navbar-text">Signed in as Thomas</p>
</div>
</nav>
Non-nav Links
如果你想使用不在常规导航栏导航组件中的标准链接,则使用类 navbar-link 为默认导航栏选项和反向导航栏选项添加适当的颜色,如以下示例所示:
If you want to use the standard links that are not within the regular navbar navigation component, then use the class navbar-link to add proper colors for the default and inverse navbar options as shown in the following example −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<p class = "navbar-text navbar-right">
Signed in as
<a href = "#" class = "navbar-link">Thomas</a>
</p>
</div>
</nav>
Component Alignment
你可以使用实用程序类 .navbar-left 或 .navbar-right 将导航链接、表单、按钮或文本等组件在导航栏中左对齐或右对齐。这两个类都将在指定的方向上添加 CSS 浮动。以下示例演示了此操作:
You can align the components like nav links, forms, buttons, or text to left or right in a navbar using the utility classes .navbar-left or .navbar-right. Both classes will add a CSS float in the specified direction. The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<!--Left Align-->
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav navbar-left">
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form class = "navbar-form navbar-left" role = "search">
<button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default">Left align-Submit Button</button>
</form>
<p class = "navbar-text navbar-left">Left align-Text</p>
<!--Right Align-->
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form class = "navbar-form navbar-right" role = "search">
<button type = "submit" class = "btn btn-default">
Right align-Submit Button
</button>
</form>
<p class = "navbar-text navbar-right">Right align-Text</p>
</div>
</nav>
Fixed to Top
Bootstrap 导航栏的定位可以是动态的。默认情况下,它是一个块级元素,根据其在 HTML 中的位置进行定位。通过几个帮助程序类,你可以将其放置在页面顶部或底部,或者使其随页面静态滚动。
The Bootstrap navbar can be dynamic in its positioning. By default, it is a block-level element that takes its positioning based on its placement in the HTML. With a few helper classes, you can place it either on the top or bottom of the page, or you can make it scroll statically with the page.
如果你想将导航栏固定在顶部,则将类 .navbar-fixed-top 添加到 .navbar class 。以下示例演示了此操作:
If you want the navbar fixed to the top, add class .navbar-fixed-top to the .navbar class. The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Fixed to Bottom
如果你想将导航栏固定在页面的底部,请将类 .navbar-fixed-bottom 添加到 .navbar class 。以下示例演示了此操作:
If you want the navbar fixed to the bottom of the page, add class .navbar-fixed-bottom to the .navbar class. The following example demonstrates this −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-bottom" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href="#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class ="caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Static Top
若要创建一个随页面滚动的导航栏,请添加 .navbar-static-top 类。此类不需要向 <body> 添加填充。
To create a navbar that scrolls with the page, add the .navbar-static-top class. This class does not require adding the padding to the <body>.
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default navbar-static-top" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Inverted Navbar
若要创建一个具有黑色背景和白色文本的反向导航栏,只需将 .navbar-inverse 类添加到 .navbar 类,如下例所示:
To create an inverted navbar with a black background and with white text, simply add the .navbar-inverse class to the .navbar class as demonstrated in the following example −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-inverse" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Bootstrap - Breadcrumb
面包屑非常适合显示网站的基于层次结构的信息。对于博客,面包屑可以显示发布日期、类别或标签。它们指出导航层次结构中当前页面的位置。
Breadcrumbs are a great way to show hierarchy-based information for a site. In the case of blogs, breadcrumbs can show the dates of publishing, categories, or tags. They indicate the current page’s location within a navigational hierarchy.
Bootstrap 中的面包屑只是一个带有类 .breadcrumb 的无序列表。分隔符通过以下类由 CSS(bootstrap.min.css)自动添加:
A breadcrumb in Bootstrap is simply an unordered list with a class of .breadcrumb. The separator is automatically added by CSS (bootstrap.min.css) through the following class −
.breadcrumb > li + li:before {
color: #CCCCCC;
content: "/ ";
padding: 0 5px;
}
以下示例演示了面包屑:
The following example demonstrates breadcrumbs −
<ol class = "breadcrumb">
<li><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">2013</a></li>
<li class = "active">November</li>
</ol>
Bootstrap - Pagination
本章讨论了 Bootstrap 支持的分界功能。分界是一个无序列表,Bootstrap 处理它就像很多其他界面元素一样。
This chapter discusses about the pagination feature that Bootstrap supports. Pagination, an unordered list is handled by Bootstrap like a lot of other interface elements.
Pagination
下表列出了 Bootstrap 提供的用于处理分页的类。
The following table lists the classes that Bootstrap provides to handle pagination.
Class |
Description |
Sample code |
.pagination |
Add this class to get the pagination on your page. |
<ul class = "pagination"> <li><a href = "">«</a></li> <li><a href = "">1</a></li> ……. </ul> |
.disabled, .active |
You can customize links by using .disabled for unclickable links and .active to indicate the current page. |
<ul class = "pagination"> <li class = "disabled"><a href = "">«</a></li> <li class = "active"><a href = "">1<span class = "sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> ……. </ul> |
.pagination-lg, .pagination-sm |
Use these classes to get different size items. |
<ul class = "pagination pagination-lg">…</ul> <ul class = "pagination">…</ul> <ul class = "pagination pagination-sm">…</ul> |
Default Pagination
以下示例演示了上表中讨论的类 .pagination 的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of class .pagination discussed in the above table −
<ul class = "pagination">
<li><a href = "#">«</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">2</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">3</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">4</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">5</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">»</a></li>
</ul>
States
以下示例演示了上表中讨论的类 .disabled, .active 的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of class .disabled, .active discussed in the above table −
<ul class = "pagination">
<li><a href = "#">«</a></li>
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">1</a></li>
<li class = "disabled"><a href = "#">2</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">3</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">4</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">5</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">»</a></li>
</ul>
Sizing
以下示例演示了上表中讨论的用于调整 .pagination- * 大小的类的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of classes for sizing, .pagination-* discussed in the above table −
<ul class = "pagination pagination-lg">
<li><a href = "#">«</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">2</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">3</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">4</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">5</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">»</a></li>
</ul>
<br>
<ul class = "pagination">
<li><a href = "#">«</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">2</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">3</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">4</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">5</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">»</a></li>
</ul>
<br>
<ul class = "pagination pagination-sm">
<li><a href = "#">«</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">2</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">3</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">4</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">5</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">»</a></li>
</ul>
Pager
如果您需要创建超出文本范围的简单分页链接,分页器将非常适合。和分页链接一样,分页器也是无序列表。默认情况下,链接居中。下表列出了 Bootstrap 为分页器提供的类。
If you need to create simple pagination links that go beyond text, the pager can work quite well. Like the pagination links, the pager is an unordered list. By default the links are centered. The following table lists the classes Bootstrap provides for pager.
Class |
Description |
Sample code |
.pager |
Add this class to get the pager links. |
<ul class = "pager"> <li><a href = "">Previous</a></li> <li><a href = "">Next</a></li> </ul> |
.previous, .next |
Use class .previous to left align and .next to right-align the links. |
<ul class = "pager"> <li class = "previous"><a href = "">← Older</a></li> <li class = "next"><a href = "">Newer →</a></li> </ul> |
.disabled |
Add this class to get a muted look. |
<ul class = "pager"> <li class = "previous disabled"><a href = "">← Older</a></li> <li class = "next"><a href = "">Newer →</a></li> </ul> |
Default Pager
以下示例演示了上表中讨论的类 .pager 的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of class .pager discussed in the above table −
<ul class = "pager">
<li><a href = "#">Previous</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Next</a></li>
</ul>
Aligned Links
以下示例演示了对齐类 .previous, .next 在上表中的用法 −
The following example demonstrates the use of classes for alignment, .previous, .next discussed in the above table −
<ul class = "pager">
<li class = "previous"><a href = "#">← Older</a></li>
<li class = "next"><a href = "#">Newer →</a></li>
</ul>
Bootstrap - Labels
本章介绍 Bootstrap 标签。标签非常适合为页面提供计数、提示或其他标记。使用类 .label 来显示标签,如以下示例所示 -
This chapter covers Bootstrap labels. Labels are great for offering counts, tips, or other markup for pages. Use class .label to display labels as shown in the following example −
<h1>Example Heading <span class = "label label-default">Label</span></h1>
<h2>Example Heading <span class =" label label-default">Label</span></h2>
<h3>Example Heading <span class = "label label-default">Label</span></h3>
<h4>Example Heading <span class = "label label-default">Label</span></h4>
您可以使用修改器类(例如 label-default, label-primary, label-success, label-info, label-warning, label-danger )来修改标签的外观,如以下示例所示 -
You can modify the appearance of the labels using the modifier classes such as, label-default, label-primary, label-success, label-info, label-warning, label-danger as shown in the following example −
<span class = "label label-default">Default Label</span>
<span class = "label label-primary">Primary Label</span>
<span class = "label label-success">Success Label</span>
<span class = "label label-info">Info Label</span>
<span class = "label label-warning">Warning Label</span>
<span class = "label label-danger">Danger Label</span>
Bootstrap - Badges
本章将讨论 Bootstrap 徽章。徽章类似于标签;主要区别是边角更圆润。
This chapter will discuss about Bootstrap badges. Badges are similar to labels; the primary difference is that the corners are more rounded.
徽章主要用于突出显示新项或未读项。要使用徽章,只需将 <span class = "badge"> 添加到链接、Bootstrap 导航等等。
Badges are mainly used to highlight new or unread items. To use badges just add <span class = "badge"> to links, Bootstrap navs, and more.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<a href = "#">Mailbox <span class = "badge">50</span></a>
当没有新项或未读项时,徽章将通过 CSS 的 * :empty* 选择器简单地折叠,前提是其中不存在内容。
When there are no new or unread items, badges will simply collapse via CSS’s * :empty* selector, provided no content exists within.
Active Nav States
您可以将徽章放置在药丸和列表导航的活动状态中。您可以通过将 <span class = "badge"> 放置到活动链接中来实现此目的,如以下示例所示 -
You can place badges in active states of pill and list navigations. You can achieve this by placing <span class = "badge"> to active links, as demonstrated in the following example −
<h4>Example for Active State in Pill </h4>
<ul class = "nav nav-pills">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home <span class ="badge">42</span></a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Profile</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Messages <span class = "badge">3</span></a></li>
</ul>
<br>
<h4>Example for Active State in navigations</h4>
<ul class = "nav nav-pills nav-stacked" style = "max-width: 260px;">
<li class = "active">
<a href = "#">
<span class = "badge pull-right">42</span>
Home
</a>
</li>
<li><a href = "#">Profile</a></li>
<li>
<a href = "#">
<span class = "badge pull-right">3</span>
Messages
</a>
</li>
</ul>
Bootstrap - Jumbotron
本章将讨论 Bootstrap 支持的另一项功能 Jumbotron。顾名思义,此组件可以选择增大标题的大小,并为登陆页面内容添加大量空白。如何使用 Jumbotron -
This chapter will discuss one more feature that Bootstrap supports, the Jumbotron. As the name suggest this component can optionally increase the size of headings and add a lot of margin for landing page content. To use the Jumbotron −
-
Create a container <div> with the class of .jumbotron.
-
In addition to a larger <h1>, the font-weight is reduced to 200px.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "container">
<div class = "jumbotron">
<h1>Welcome to landing page!</h1>
<p>This is an example for jumbotron.</p>
<p>
<a class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" role = "button">Learn more</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
要获得一个全宽且没有圆角的 Jumbotron,请在所有 .container 类的外部使用 .jumbotron 类,并改为在内部添加 .container ,如以下示例所示 -
To get a jumbotron of full width, and without rounded corners use the .jumbotron class outside all .container classes and instead add a .container within, as shown in the following example −
<div class = "jumbotron">
<div class = "container">
<h1>Welcome to landing page!</h1>
<p>This is an example for jumbotron.</p>
<p>
<a class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" role = "button">Learn more</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
Bootstrap - Page Header
页面页眉是一个很小的功能,可以在页面上标题周围添加适当的间距。这在这样的网页上特别有用,您可能有几个帖子标题,并且需要一种方法来区分它们。要使用页面页眉,请使用 .page-header 类将标题包装在 <div> 中 -
The page header is a nice little feature to add appropriate spacing around the headings on a page. This is particularly helpful on a web page where you may have several post titles and need a way to add distinction to each of them. To use a page header, wrap your heading in a <div> with a class of .page-header −
<div class = "page-header">
<h1>
Example page header
<small>Subtext for header</small>
</h1>
</div>
<p>This is a sample text.This is a sample text.This is a sample text. This is a sample text.</p>
Bootstrap - Thumbnails
本章讨论 Bootstrap 缩略图。许多网站需要一种方法,来以网格布局图像、视频、文本等,而 Bootstrap 提供了一种简单的方法,通过缩略图来实现。如何使用 Bootstrap 创建缩略图 -
This chapter discusses about Bootstrap thumbnails. A lot of sites need a way to lay out images, videos, text, etc, in a grid, and Bootstrap has an easy way to do this with thumbnails. To create thumbnails using Bootstrap −
-
Add an <a> tag with the class of .thumbnail around an image.
-
This adds four pixels of padding and a gray border.
-
On hover, an animated glow outlines the image.
以下示例演示了默认缩略图 -
The following example demonstrates a default thumbnail −
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<a href = "#" class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</a>
</div>
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<a href = "#" class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</a>
</div>
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<a href = "#" class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</a>
</div>
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<a href = "#" class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</a>
</div>
</div>
Adding Custom Content
现在我们有了基本缩略图,就可以在缩略图中添加标题、段落或按钮等任何种类的 HTML 内容。请按照以下步骤操作 -
Now that we have a basic thumbnail, it’s possible to add any kind of HTML content like headings, paragraphs, or buttons into thumbnails. Follow the steps below −
-
Change the <a> tag that has a class of .thumbnail to a <div>.
-
Inside of that <div>, you can add anything you need. As this is a <div>, we can use the default span-based naming convention for sizing.
-
If you want to group multiple images, place them in an unordered list, and each list item will be floated to the left.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "row">
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</div>
<div class = "caption">
<h3>Thumbnail label</h3>
<p>Some sample text. Some sample text.</p>
<p>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary" role = "button">
Button
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default" role = "button">
Button
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</div>
<div class = "caption">
<h3>Thumbnail label</h3>
<p>Some sample text. Some sample text.</p>
<p>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary" role = "button">
Button
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default" role = "button">
Button
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</div>
<div class = "caption">
<h3>Thumbnail label</h3>
<p>Some sample text. Some sample text.</p>
<p>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary" role = "button">
Button
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default" role =" button">
Button
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "col-sm-6 col-md-3">
<div class = "thumbnail">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/kittens.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder thumbnail">
</div>
<div class = "caption">
<h3>Thumbnail label</h3>
<p>Some sample text. Some sample text.</p>
<p>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-primary" role = "button">
Button
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "btn btn-default" role = "button">
Button
</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Bootstrap - Alerts
本章将讨论警报,以及 Bootstrap 专门为警报提供的类。警报提供了一种向用户发送样式消息的方法。它们提供典型用户操作的上下文反馈消息。
This chapter will discuss about alerts and the classes Bootstrap provides for alerts. Alerts provide a way to style messages to the user. They provide contextual feedback messages for typical user actions.
您可以在警报中添加一个可选的关闭图标。在内联消除模式下使用 Alerts jQuery plugin 。
You can add an optional close icon to alert. For inline dismissal use the Alerts jQuery plugin.
通过创建一个包装器 <div> 并添加一个 .alert 类以及四个上下文类(例如 .alert-success, .alert-info, .alert-warning, .alert-danger )中的一个,您可以添加一个基本警报。以下示例演示了这一点 −
You can add a basic alert by creating a wrapper <div> and adding a class of .alert and one of the four contextual classes (e.g., .alert-success, .alert-info, .alert-warning, .alert-danger). The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "alert alert-success">Success! Well done its submitted.</div>
<div class = "alert alert-info">Info! take this info.</div>
<div class = "alert alert-warning">Warning ! Dont submit this.</div>
<div class = "alert alert-danger">Error ! Change few things.</div>
Dismissal Alerts
要构建一个消除警报:
To build a dismissal alert −
-
Add a basic alert by creating a wrapper <div> and adding a class of .alert and one of the four contextual classes (e.g., .alert-success, .alert-info, .alert-warning, .alert-danger)
-
Also add optional .alert-dismissable to the above <div> class.
-
Add a close button.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "alert alert-success alert-dismissable">
<button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
Success! Well done its submitted.
</div>
<div class = "alert alert-info alert-dismissable">
<button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
Info! take this info.
</div>
<div class = "alert alert-warning alert-dismissable">
<button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
Warning ! Dont submit this.
</div>
<div class = "alert alert-danger alert-dismissable">
<button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
Error ! Change few things.
</div>
Links in Alerts
要在警报中实现链接:
To get links in alerts −
-
Add a basic alert by creating a wrapper <div> and adding a class of .alert and one of the four contextual classes (e.g., .alert-success, .alert-info, .alert-warning, .alert-danger)
-
Use the .alert-link utility class to quickly provide matching colored links within any alert.
<div class = "alert alert-success">
<a href = "#" class = "alert-link">Success! Well done its submitted.</a>
</div>
<div class = "alert alert-info">
<a href = "#" class = "alert-link">Info! take this info.</a>
</div>
<div class = "alert alert-warning">
<a href = "#" class = "alert-link">Warning ! Dont submit this.</a>
</div>
<div class = "alert alert-danger">
<a href = "#" class = "alert-link">Error ! Change few things.</a>
</div>
Bootstrap - Progress Bars
本章讨论了 Bootstrap 进度条。进度条的目的是显示资产正在加载、处于进行中,或者页面中的元素正在发生操作。
This chapter discusses about Bootstrap progress bars. The purpose of progress bars is to show that assets are loading, in progress, or that there is action taking place regarding elements on the page.
Default Progress Bar
要创建一个基本进度条:
To create a basic progress bar −
-
Add a <div> with a class of .progress.
-
Next, inside the above <div>, add an empty <div> with a class of .progress-bar.
-
Add a style attribute with the width expressed as a percentage. Say for example, style = "60%"; indicates that the progress bar was at 60%.
我们来看下面的示例:
Let us see an example below −
<div class = "progress">
<div class = "progress-bar" role = "progressbar" aria-valuenow = "60"
aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 40%;">
<span class = "sr-only">40% Complete</span>
</div>
</div>
Alternate Progress Bar
要创建一个具有不同样式的进度条:
To create a progress bar with different styles −
-
Add a <div> with a class of .progress.
-
Next, inside the above <div>, add an empty <div> with a class of .progress-bar and class progress-bar-* where * could be success, info, warning, danger.
-
Add a style attribute with the width expressed as a percentage. Say for example, style = "60%"; indicates that the progress bar was at 60%.
我们来看下面的示例:
Let us see an example below −
<div class = "progress">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-success" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 90%;">
<span class = "sr-only">90% Complete (Sucess)</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "progress">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-info" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 30%;">
<span class = "sr-only">30% Complete (info)</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "progress">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-warning" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 20%;">
<span class = "sr-only">20%Complete (warning)</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "progress">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-danger" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 10%;">
<span class = "sr-only">10% Complete (danger)</span>
</div>
</div>
Striped Progress Bar
要创建一个条纹进度条:
To create a striped progress bar −
-
Add a <div> with a class of .progress and .progress-striped.
-
Next, inside the above <div>, add an empty <div> with a class of .progress-bar and class progress-bar-* where * could be success, info, warning, danger.
-
Add a style attribute with the width expressed as a percentage. Say for example, style = "60%"; indicates that the progress bar was at 60%.
我们来看下面的示例:
Let us see an example below −
<div class = "progress progress-striped">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-success" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 90%;">
<span class = "sr-only">90% Complete (Sucess)</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "progress progress-striped">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-info" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 30%;">
<span class = "sr-only">30% Complete (info)</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "progress progress-striped">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-warning" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style="width: 20%;">
<span class = "sr-only">20%Complete (warning)</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "progress progress-striped">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-danger" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 10%;">
<span class = "sr-only">10% Complete (danger)</span>
</div>
</div>
Animated Progress Bar
若要创建动画进度条 −
To create an animated progress bar −
-
Add a <div> with a class of .progress and .progress-striped. Also add class .active to .progress-striped.
-
Next, inside the above <div>, add an empty <div> with a class of .progress-bar.
-
Add a style attribute with the width expressed as a percentage. Say for example, style = "60%"; indicates that the progress bar was at 60%.
这将使条纹从右向左移动。
This will animate the stripes right to left.
我们来看下面的示例:
Let us see an example below −
<div class = "progress progress-striped active">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-success" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 40%;">
<span class = "sr-only">40% Complete</span>
</div>
</div>
Stacked Progress Bar
您甚至可以叠加多个进度条。将多个进度条放入相同的 .progress 中以将其叠加在一起,如下例所示 −
You can even stack multiple progress bars. Place the multiple progress bars into the same .progress to stack them as seen in the following example −
<div class = "progress">
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-success" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 40%;">
<span class = "sr-only">40% Complete</span>
</div>
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-info" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 30%;">
<span class = "sr-only">30% Complete (info)</span>
</div>
<div class = "progress-bar progress-bar-warning" role = "progressbar"
aria-valuenow = "60" aria-valuemin = "0" aria-valuemax = "100" style = "width: 20%;">
<span class = "sr-only">20%Complete (warning)</span>
</div>
</div>
Bootstrap - Media Object
本章讨论媒体对象。这些是用于构建各种类型的组件(例如博客评论、推文等)的抽象对象样式,这些组件在文本内容旁边显示左对齐或右对齐的图像。媒体对象的目标是显著缩短开发这些信息块的代码。
This chapter discusses about Media object. These are abstract object styles for building various types of components (like blog comments, Tweets, etc.) that feature a left-aligned or right-aligned image alongside the textual content. The goal of the media object is to make the code for developing these blocks of information drastically shorter.
通过将类应用于一些简单的标记,实现了媒体对象的目标(轻量标记、易于扩展)。媒体对象有两种形式 −
The goal of media objects (light markup, easy extendability) is achieved by applying classes to some of the simple markup. There are two forms to the media object −
-
.media − This class allows to float a media object (images, video, and audio) to the left or right of a content block.
-
.media-list − If you are preparing a list where the items will be part of an unordered list, use a class. useful for comment threads or articles lists.
让我们看一个以下的默认媒体对象示例 −
Let us see an example below of default media object −
<div class = "media">
<a class = "pull-left" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg" alt = "Media Object">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Media heading</h4>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
</div>
</div>
<div class = "media">
<a class = "pull-left" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg" alt = "Media Object">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Media heading</h4>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
<div class = "media">
<a class = "pull-left" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg" alt = "Media Object">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Media heading</h4>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
让我们看一个媒体列表示例 −
Let us see an example of media list −
<ul class = "media-list">
<li class = "media">
<a class = "pull-left" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg" alt = "Generic placeholder image">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Media heading</h4>
<p>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
</p>
<!-- Nested media object -->
<div class = "media">
<a class = "pull-left" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg"
alt = "Generic placeholder image">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Nested media heading</h4>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
<!-- Nested media object -->
<div class = "media">
<a class = "pull-left" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg"
alt = "Generic placeholder image">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Nested media heading</h4>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Nested media object -->
<div class = "media">
<a class = "pull-left" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg"
alt = "Generic placeholder image">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Nested media heading</h4>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class = "media">
<a class = "pull-right" href = "#">
<img class = "media-object" src = "/bootstrap/images/64.jpg"
alt = "Generic placeholder image">
</a>
<div class = "media-body">
<h4 class = "media-heading">Media heading</h4>
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
This is some sample text. This is some sample text.
</div>
</li>
</ul>
Bootstrap - List Group
列表组组件的目的是在列表中呈现复杂且自定义的内容。若要获取基本列表组 −
The purpose of list group component is to render complex and customized content in lists. To get a basic list group −
-
Add the class .list-group to element <ul>.
-
Add class .list-group-item to <li>.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<ul class = "list-group">
<li class = "list-group-item">Free Domain Name Registration</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Free Window Space hosting</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Number of Images</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">24*7 support</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Renewal cost per year</li>
</ul>
Adding Badges to List Group
我们可以将徽章组件添加到任何列表组项目,它将自动放置在右侧。只需在 <li> 元素内添加 <span class = "badge"> 。以下示例演示了这一点 −
We can add the badges component to any list group item and it will automatically be positioned on the right. Just add <span class = "badge"> within the <li> element. The following example demonstrates this −
<ul class = "list-group">
<li class = "list-group-item">Free Domain Name Registration</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Free Window Space hosting</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Number of Images</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">
<span class = "badge">New</span>
24*7 support
</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Renewal cost per year</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">
<span class = "badge">New</span>
Disocunt Offer
</li>
</ul>
Linking List Group Items
通过使用锚定标记代替列表项,我们可以链接列表组。我们需要使用 <div> 而不是 <ul> 元素。以下示例演示了这一点 −
By using the anchor tags instead of list items, we can link the list groups. We need to use <div> instead of <ul> element. The following example demonstrates this −
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item active">
Free Domain Name Registration
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item">24*7 support</a>
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item">Free Window Space hosting</a>
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item">Number of Images</a>
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item">Renewal cost per year</a>
Add Custom Content to List Group
我们可以将任何 HTML 内容添加到上述链接的列表组。以下示例演示了这一点 −
We can add any HTML content to the above linked list groups. The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "list-group">
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item active">
<h4 class = "list-group-item-heading">
Starter Website Package
</h4>
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item">
<h4 class = "list-group-item-heading">
Free Domain Name Registration
</h4>
<p class = "list-group-item-text">
You will get a free domain registration with website pages.
</p>
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item">
<h4 class = "list-group-item-heading">
24*7 support
</h4>
<p class = "list-group-item-text">
We provide 24*7 support.
</p>
</a>
</div>
<div class = "list-group">
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item active">
<h4 class = "list-group-item-heading">
Business Website Package
</h4>
</a>
<a href = "#" class="list-group-item">
<h4 class = "list-group-item-heading">
Free Domain Name Registration
</h4>
<p class = "list-group-item-text">
You will get a free domain registration with website pages.
</p>
</a>
<a href = "#" class = "list-group-item">
<h4 class = "list-group-item-heading">24*7 support</h4>
<p class = "list-group-item-text">We provide 24*7 support.</p>
</a>
</div>
Bootstrap - Panels
本章将讨论 Bootstrap 面板。当您想将您的 DOM 组件放入一个框中时,会使用面板组件。若要获取一个基本面板,只需将类 .panel 添加到 <div> 元素。还将类 .panel-default 添加到此元素,如下例所示 −
This chapter will discuss about Bootstrap panels. Panel components are used when you want to put your DOM component in a box. To get a basic panel, just add class .panel to the <div> element. Also add class .panel-default to this element as shown in the following example −
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
</div>
Panel with Heading
有两种方法可以添加面板标题 −
There are two ways to add panel heading −
-
Use .panel-heading class to easily add a heading container to your panel.
-
Use any <h1>-<h6> with a .panel-title class to add a pre-styled heading.
以下示例展示了两种方法 -
The following example demonstrates both the ways −
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">
Panel heading without title
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
Panel content
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h3 class = "panel-title">
Panel With title
</h3>
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
Panel content
</div>
</div>
Panel with Footer
您可以通过包装在包含类 .panel-footer 的 <div> 中的按钮或辅助文本,来为面板添加页脚。以下示例演示了这一点。
You can add footers to panels, by wrapping buttons or secondary text in a <div> containing class .panel-footer. The following example demonstrates this.
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
<div class = "panel-footer">Panel footer</div>
</div>
Panel Contextual Alternatives
使用上下文状态类(例如, panel-primary, panel-success, panel-info, panel-warning, panel-danger ),使面板对特定上下文更有意义。
Use contextual state classes such as, panel-primary, panel-success, panel-info, panel-warning, panel-danger, to make a panel more meaningful to a particular context.
<div class = "panel panel-primary">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h3 class = "panel-title">Panel title</h3>
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-success">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h3 class = "panel-title">Panel title</h3>
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-info">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h3 class = "panel-title">Panel title</h3>
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-warning">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h3 class = "panel-title">Panel title</h3>
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-danger">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h3 class = "panel-title">Panel title</h3>
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
</div>
Panel with Tables
要在面板中获得无边框表格,请在面板中使用类 .table 。假设有一个包含 .panel-body 的 <div>,我们在表格顶部添加一个额外的边框用于分隔。如果没有包含 .panel-body 的 <div>,则组件将从面板标题无中断地移至表格。
To get a non-bordered table within a panel, use the class .table within the panel. Suppose there is a <div> containing .panel-body, we add an extra border to the top of the table for separation. If there is no <div> containing .panel-body, then the component moves from panel header to table without interruption.
以下示例演示了这一点−
The following example demonstrates this −
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h3 class = "panel-title">Panel title</h3>
</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
This is a Basic panel
</div>
<table class = "table">
<tr>
<th>Product</th>
<th>Price </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Product A</td>
<td>200</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Product B</td>
<td>400</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">Panel Heading</div>
<table class = "table">
<tr>
<th>Product</th>
<th>Price </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Product A</td>
<td>200</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Product B</td>
<td>400</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
Panel with List groups
您可以在任何面板中包含列表组。通过向 <div> 元素添加类 .panel 来创建面板。还向该元素添加类 .panel-default 。现在,在该面板中包含您的列表组。您可以从章节 List Groups 中学习如何创建列表组。
You can include list groups within any panel. Create a panel by adding class .panel to the <div> element. Also add class .panel-default to this element. Now within this panel include your list groups. You can learn to create a list group from chapter List Groups.
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class ="panel-heading">Panel heading</div>
<div class = "panel-body">
<p>This is a Basic panel content. This is a Basic panel content.
This is a Basic panel content. This is a Basic panel content.
This is a Basic panel content. This is a Basic panel content.
This is a Basic panel content.</p>
</div>
<ul class = "list-group">
<li class = "list-group-item">Free Domain Name Registration</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Free Window Space hosting</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Number of Images</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">24*7 support</li>
<li class = "list-group-item">Renewal cost per year</li>
</ul>
</div>
Bootstrap - Wells
“井”是 <div> 中的容器,会导致内容在页面上显得凹陷或有内嵌效果。要创建“井”,只需包装您希望出现在“井”中的内容,包装在包含 .well 类的 <div> 中即可。以下示例展示了一个默认的“井” −
A well is a container in <div> that causes the content to appear sunken or an inset effect on the page. To create a well, simply wrap the content that you would like to appear in the well with a <div> containing the class of .well. The following example shows a default well −
<div class = "well">Hi, am in well !!</div>
Sizing
您可以使用 well-lg 或 well-lg 等可选类更改“井”的大小。这些类与 .well 类结合使用。它们影响填充,具体取决于类,使“井”变大或变小。
You can change the size of well using the optional classes such as, well-lg or well-lg. These classes are used in conjunction with .well class. These affect the padding, making the well larger or smaller depending on the class.
<div class = "well well-lg">Hi, am in large well !!</div>
<div class = "well well-sm">Hi, am in small well !!</div>
Bootstrap - Plugins Overview
在 Layout Components 下的前面章节中讨论的组件仅是开始。Bootstrap 附带了 12 个 jQuery 插件,这些插件扩展了特性,并且可以为您的网站添加更多交互。要开始使用 Bootstrap 的 JavaScript 插件,您不需要高级 JavaScript 开发人员。通过利用 Bootstrap 数据 API,大多数插件都可以触发,而无需编写一行代码。
The components discussed in the previous chapters under Layout Components are just the beginning. Bootstrap comes bundled with 12 jQuery plugins that extend the features and can add more interaction to your site. To get started with the Bootstrap’s JavaScript plugins, you don’t need to be an advanced JavaScript developer. By utilizing Bootstrap Data API, most of the plugins can be triggered without writing a single line of code.
Bootstrap 插件可以在两种形式的网站上包括 -
Bootstrap Plugins can be included on your site in two forms −
-
Individually − Using Bootstrap’s individual *.js files. Some plugins and CSS components depend on other plugins. If you include plugins individually, make sure to check for these dependencies in the docs.
-
Or compiled (all at once) − Using bootstrap.js or the minified bootstrap.min.js. Do not attempt to include both, as both bootstrap.js and bootstrap.min.js contain all plugins in a single file.
Data Attributes
-
All of the Bootstrap plugins are accessible using the included Data API. Hence, you don’t need to include a single line of JavaScript to invoke any of the plugin features.
-
In some situations it may be desirable to turn this functionality of Data API off. If you need to turn off the Data API, you can unbind the attributes by adding the following line of JavaScript −
$(document).off('.data-api')
-
To turn off a specific/single plugin, just include the plugin’s name as a namespace along with the data-api namespace like this −
$(document).off('.alert.data-api')
Programmatic API
Bootstrap 的开发人员认为您应该能够完全通过 JavaScript API 使用所有插件。所有公共 API 都是单个、可链接的方法,并返回采取操作的集合,例如 −
The developers of Bootstrap believe that you should be able to use all of the plugins purely through the JavaScript API. All public APIs are single, chainable methods, and return the collection acted upon say for example −
$(".btn.danger").button("toggle").addClass("fat")
所有方法接受可选的选项对象、目标是特定方法的字符串,或无(它使用默认行为启动插件),如下所示 −
All methods accept an optional options object, a string which targets a particular method, or nothing (which initiates a plugin with default behavior) as shown below −
// initialized with defaults
$("#myModal").modal()
// initialized with no keyboard
$("#myModal").modal({ keyboard: false })
// initializes and invokes show immediately
$("#myModal").modal('show')
每个插件还在 Constructor 属性上公开其原始构造函数:$.fn.popover.Constructor。如果您想获得特定的插件实例,请直接从元素检索 −
Each plugin also exposes its raw constructor on a Constructor property: $.fn.popover.Constructor. If you’d like to get a particular plugin instance, retrieve it directly from an element −
$('[rel = popover]').data('popover').
No Conflict
有时 Bootstrap 插件可与其他 UI 框架一起使用。在这种情况下,偶尔会出现名称空间冲突。要克服这个问题,请调用 .noConflict ,在该插件上还原您想要的值。
Bootstrap plugins can sometimes be used with other UI frameworks. In these circumstances, namespace collisions can occasionally occur. To overcome this call .noConflict on the plugin you wish to revert the value of.
// return $.fn.button to previously assigned value
var bootstrapButton = $.fn.button.noConflict()
// give $().bootstrapBtn the Bootstrap functionality
$.fn.bootstrapBtn = bootstrapButton
Events
Bootstrap 为大多数插件的独特操作提供了自定义事件。通常,这些事件有两种形式 −
Bootstrap provides custom events for most plugin’s unique actions. Generally, these events come in two forms −
-
Infinitive form − This is triggered at the start of an event. E.g. show. Infinitive events provide preventDefault functionality. This provides the ability to stop the execution of an action before it starts.
$('#myModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (e) {
// stops modal from being shown
if (!data) return e.preventDefault()
})
-
Past participle form − This is triggered on the completion of an action. E.g. shown.
Bootstrap - Transition Plugin
transition 插件提供了一个简单的过渡效果。
The transition plugin provides a simple transition effects.
Transition.js 是一个基本的 transitionEnd 事件以及 CSS 过渡模拟器助手。其他插件使用该插件来检查 CSS 过渡支持并捕获挂起的过渡。
Transition.js is a basic helper for transitionEnd events as well as a CSS transition emulator. It is used by the other plugins to check for CSS transition support and to catch hanging transitions.
Use Cases
以下是一些 transition 插件的示例 −
A few examples of the transition plugin are −
-
Sliding or fading in modals. You can find an example in the chapter Bootstrap Modal Plugin.
-
Fading out tabs. You can find an example in the chapter Bootstrap Tab Plugin.
-
Fading out alerts. You can find an example in the chapter Bootstrap Alerts.
-
Sliding carousel panes. You can find an example in the chapter Bootstrap Carousel Plugin.
Bootstrap - Modal Plugin
模态框是一个分层的子窗口,位于其父窗口之上。通常,其目的是显示源自其他资源的内容,这种内容可以使用一些互动,而无需离开父窗口。子窗口可以提供信息、互动等等。
A modal is a child window that is layered over its parent window. Typically, the purpose is to display content from a separate source that can have some interaction without leaving the parent window. Child windows can provide information, interaction, or more.
Usage
你可以切换模态框插件的隐藏内容 −
You can toggle the modal plugin’s hidden content −
-
Via data attributes − Set attribute data-toggle = "modal" on a controller element, like a button or link, along with a data-target = "#identifier" or href = "#identifier" to target a specific modal (with the id = "identifier") to toggle.
-
Via JavaScript − Using this technique you can call a modal with id = "identifier" with a single line of JavaScript −
$('#identifier').modal(options)
Example
在以下示例中显示了一个静态模态窗口示例 −
A static modal window example is shown in the following example −
<h2>Example of creating Modals with Twitter Bootstrap</h2>
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" data-toggle = "modal" data-target = "#myModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
<!-- Modal -->
<div class = "modal fade" id = "myModal" tabindex = "-1" role = "dialog"
aria-labelledby = "myModalLabel" aria-hidden = "true">
<div class = "modal-dialog">
<div class = "modal-content">
<div class = "modal-header">
<button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "modal" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
<h4 class = "modal-title" id = "myModalLabel">
This Modal title
</h4>
</div>
<div class = "modal-body">
Add some text here
</div>
<div class = "modal-footer">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" data-dismiss = "modal">
Close
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary">
Submit changes
</button>
</div>
</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
</div><!-- /.modal -->
Details of the preceding code −
Details of the preceding code −
-
To invoke the modal window, you need to have some kind of a trigger. You can use a button or a link. Here we have used a button.
-
If you look in the code above, you will see that in the <button> tag, the data-target = "#myModal" is the target of the modal that you want to load on the page. This code allows you to create multiple modals on the page and then have different triggers for each of them. Now, to be clear, you don’t load multiple modals at the same time, but you can create many on the pages to be loaded at different times.
-
There are two classes to take note of in the modal − The first is .modal, which is simply identifying the content of the <div> as a modal. And second is the .fade class. When the modal is toggled, it will cause the content to fade in and out.
-
aria-labelledby = "myModalLabel", attribute reference the modal title.
-
The attribute aria-hidden = "true" is used to keep the Modal Window invisible till a trigger comes (like a click on the associated button).
-
<div class = "modal-header">, modal-header is the class to define style for the header of the modal window.
-
class = "close", is a CSS class close that sets style for the Close button of the modal window.
-
data-dismiss = "modal", is a custom HTML5 data attribute. Here it is used to close the modal window.
-
class = "modal-body", is a CSS class of Bootstrap CSS to set style for body of the modal window.
-
class = "modal-footer", is a CSS class of Bootstrap CSS to set style for footer of the modal window.
-
data-toggle = "modal", HTML5 custom data attribute data-toggle is used to open the modal window.
Options
有一些选项可以通过数据属性或 JavaScript 传递,以自定义 Modal 窗口的外观和感觉。下表列出了这些选项 -
There are certain options which can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript to customize the look and feel of the Modal Window. Following table lists the options −
Option Name |
Type/Default Value |
Data attribute name |
Description |
backdrop |
boolean or the string 'static' Default: true |
data-backdrop |
Specify static for a backdrop, if you don’t want the modal to be closed when the user clicks outside of the modal. |
keyboard |
boolean Default: true |
data-keyboard |
Closes the modal when escape key is pressed; set to false to disable. |
show |
boolean Default: true |
data-show |
Shows the modal when initialized. |
remote |
path Default: false |
data-remote |
Using the jQuery .load method, inject content into the modal body. If an href with a valid URL is added, it will load that content. An example of this is shown below − <a data-toggle = "modal" href = "remote.html" data-target = "#modal">Click me</a> |
Methods
以下是可与 modal() 一起使用的部分有用方法。
Here are some useful methods that can be used with modal().
Method |
Description |
Example |
Options − .modal(options) |
Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options object. |
$('#identifier').modal({ keyboard: false }) |
Toggle − .modal('toggle') |
Manually toggles a modal. |
$('#identifier').modal('toggle') |
Show − .modal('show') |
Manually opens a modal. |
$('#identifier').modal('show') |
Hide − .modal('hide') |
Manually hides a modal. |
$('#identifier').modal('hide') |
Example
以下示例演示了方法的使用 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of methods −
<h2>Example of using methods of Modal Plugin</h2>
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" data-toggle = "modal" data-target = "#myModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
<!-- Modal -->
<div class = "modal fade" id = "myModal" tabindex = "-1" role = "dialog"
aria-labelledby = "myModalLabel" aria-hidden = "true">
<div class = "modal-dialog">
<div class = "modal-content">
<div class = "modal-header">
<button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "modal" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
<h4 class = "modal-title" id = "myModalLabel">
This Modal title
</h4>
</div>
<div class = "modal-body">
Press ESC button to exit.
</div>
<div class = "modal-footer">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" data-dismiss = "modal">
Close
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary">
Submit changes
</button>
</div>
</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
</div><!-- /.modal -->
<script>
$(function () { $('#myModal').modal({
keyboard: true
})});
</script>
只需单击 Esc 按钮,模态窗口便退出。
Just click the Esc button and the modal window exits.
Events
下表列出了与模态窗口一起工作的事件。这些事件可用于挂接到该函数。
Following table lists the events to work with modal. These events may be used to hook into the function.
Event |
Description |
Example |
show.bs.modal |
Fired after the show method is called. |
$('#identifier').on('show.bs.modal', function () { // do something… }) |
shown.bs.modal |
Fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#identifier').on('shown.bs.modal', function () { // do something… }) |
hide.bs.modal |
Fired when the hide instance method has been called. |
$('#identifier').on('hide.bs.modal', function () { // do something… }) |
hidden.bs.modal |
Fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user. |
$('#identifier').on('hidden.bs.modal', function () { // do something… }) |
Example
以下示例演示了该事件的使用 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of events −
<h2>Example of using events of Modal Plugin</h2>
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button class = "btn btn-primary btn-lg" data-toggle = "modal" data-target = "#myModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
<!-- Modal -->
<div class = "modal fade" id = "myModal" tabindex = "-1" role = "dialog"
aria-labelledby = "myModalLabel" aria-hidden = "true">
<div class = "modal-dialog">
<div class = "modal-content">
<div class = "modal-header">
<button type = "button" class = "close" data-dismiss = "modal" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</button>
<h4 class = "modal-title" id = "myModalLabel">
This Modal title
</h4>
</div>
<div class = "modal-body">
Click on close button to check Event functionality.
</div>
<div class = "modal-footer">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" data-dismiss = "modal">
Close
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary">
Submit changes
</button>
</div>
</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
</div><!-- /.modal -->
<script>
$(function () { $('#myModal').modal('hide')})});
</script>
<script>
$(function () { $('#myModal').on('hide.bs.modal', function () {
alert('Hey, I heard you like modals...');})
});
</script>
如上面屏幕所示,如果你点击关闭按钮,即隐藏事件,将显示一条“警告”信息。
As seen in the above screen, if you click on the Close button i.e hide event, an alert message is displayed.
Bootstrap - Dropdown Plugin
使用下拉插件,您可以向导航栏、标签、胶囊按钮等任意组件添加下拉菜单。
Using Dropdown plugin you can add dropdown menus to any components like navbars, tabs, pills and buttons.
Usage
您可以切换下拉插件的隐藏内容 -
You can toggle the dropdown plugin’s hidden content −
-
Via data attributes − Add data-toggle = "dropdown" to a link or button to toggle a dropdown as shown below −
<div class = "dropdown">
<a data-toggle = "dropdown" href = "#">Dropdown trigger</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "dLabel">
...
</ul>
</div>
-
If you need to keep links intact (which is useful if the browser is not enabling JavaScript), use the data-target attribute instead of href = "#"−
<div class = "dropdown">
<a id = "dLabel" role = "button" data-toggle = "dropdown" data-target = "#" href = "/page.html">
Dropdown
<span class = "caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "dLabel">
...
</ul>
</div>
-
Via JavaScript − To call the dropdown toggle via JavaScript, use the following method −
$('.dropdown-toggle').dropdown()
Example
Within Navbar
Within Navbar
以下示例演示了在导航栏中使用下拉菜单 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of dropdown menu within a navbar −
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div>
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class="caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
Within Tabs
Within Tabs
以下示例演示了在标签中使用下拉菜单 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of dropdown menu within tabs −
<p>Tabs With Dropdown Example</p>
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">VB.Net</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown" href = "#">
Java
<span class = "caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#">Swing</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">jMeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href = "#">PHP</a></li>
</ul>
Methods
下拉切换有一个简单方法来显示或隐藏下拉菜单。
The dropdown toggle has a simple method to show or hide the dropdown.
$().dropdown('toggle')
Example
以下示例演示了下拉插件方法的使用。
The following example demonstrates the usage of dropdown plugin method.
<nav class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">TutorialsPoint</a>
</div>
<div id = "myexample">
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle">Java <b class = "caret"></b></a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a id = "action-1" href = "#">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">EJB</a></li>
<li><a href = "#">Jasper Report</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">Separated link</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<script>
$(function(){
$(".dropdown-toggle").dropdown('toggle');
});
</script>
Bootstrap - Scrollspy Plugin
滚动侦听(自动更新导航)插件允许你根据滚动位置来确定页面部分。在它的基本实现中,当你滚动时,你可以基于滚动位置向导航栏添加 .active 类。
The Scroll spy (auto updating nav) plugin allows you to target sections of the page based on the scroll position. In its basic implementation, as you scroll, you can add .active classes to the navbar based on the scroll position.
Usage
你可以向你的顶部导航栏添加滚动侦听行为——
You can add scrollspy behavior to your topbar navigation −
-
Via data attributes − add data-spy = "scroll" to the element you want to spy on (typically the body). Then add attribute data-target with the ID or class of the parent element of any Bootstrap .nav component. For this to work, you must have elements in the body of the page that have matching IDs of the links that you are spying on.
<body data-spy = "scroll" data-target = ".navbar-example">
...
<div class = "navbar-example">
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs">
...
</ul>
</div>
...
</body>
-
Via JavaScript − You can invoke the scrollspy with JavaScript instead of using the data attributes, by selecting the element to spy on, and then invoking the .scrollspy() function −
$('body').scrollspy({ target: '.navbar-example' })
Example
以下示例显示了如何通过数据属性来使用滚动侦听插件——
The following example shows the use of scrollspy plugin via data attributes −
<nav id = "navbar-example" class = "navbar navbar-default navbar-static" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<button class = "navbar-toggle" type = "button" data-toggle = "collapse"
data-target = ".bs-js-navbar-scrollspy">
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">Tutorial Name</a>
</div>
<div class = "collapse navbar-collapse bs-js-navbar-scrollspy">
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li><a href = "#ios">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#svn">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" id = "navbarDrop1" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "navbarDrop1">
<li><a href = "#jmeter" tabindex = "-1">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#ejb" tabindex = "-1">ejb</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#spring" tabindex = "-1">spring</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<div data-spy = "scroll" data-target = "#navbar-example" data-offset = "0"
style = "height:200px; overflow:auto; position: relative;">
<h4 id = "ios">iOS</h4>
<p>iOS is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by Apple
Inc. Originally released in 2007 for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and Apple
TV. iOS is derived from OS X, with which it shares the Darwin
foundation. iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X operating system
used on Apple computers.</p>
<h4 id = "svn">SVN</h4>
<p>Apache Subversion which is often abbreviated as SVN, is a software
versioning and revision control system distributed under an open source
license. Subversion was created by CollabNet Inc. in 2000, but now it
is developed as a project of the Apache Software Foundation, and as
such is part of a rich community of developers and users.</p>
<h4 id = "jmeter">jMeter</h4>
<p>jMeter is an Open Source testing software. It is 100% pure Java
application for load and performance testing.</p>
<h4 id = "ejb">EJB</h4>
<p>Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a development architecture for building
highly scalable and robust enterprise level applications to be deployed
on J2EE compliant Application Server such as JBOSS, Web Logic etc.</p>
<h4 id = "spring">Spring</h4>
<p>Spring framework is an open source Java platform that provides
comprehensive infrastructure support for developing robust Java
applications very easily and very rapidly.</p>
<p>Spring framework was initially written by Rod Johnson and was first
released under the Apache 2.0 license in June 2003.</p>
</div>
Options
选项可以通过数据属性或 JavaScript 传递。下表列出了选项——
Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. Following table lists the options −
Option Name |
Type/Default Value |
Data attribute name |
Description |
offset |
number Default: 10 |
data-offset |
Pixels to offset from top when calculating position of scroll. |
Methods
.scrollspy('refresh') ——当通过 JavaScript 方法调用滚动侦听时,你需要调用 .refresh 方法来更新 DOM。如果 DOM 的任何元素发生了变化(例如,你添加或删除了某些元素),这将非常有帮助。以下是使用此方法的语法。
.scrollspy('refresh') − When calling the scrollspy via the JavaScript method, you need to call the .refresh method to update the DOM. This is helpful if any elements of the DOM have changed i.e if you have added or removed some elements. Following would be the syntax to use this method.
$('[data-spy = "scroll"]').each(function () {
var $spy = $(this).scrollspy('refresh')
})
Example
以下示例演示了如何使用 .scrollspy('refresh') 方法——
The following example demonstrates the use of .scrollspy('refresh') method −
<nav id = "myScrollspy" class = "navbar navbar-default navbar-static" role = "navigation">
<div class = "navbar-header">
<button class = "navbar-toggle" type = "button" data-toggle = "collapse"
data-target = ".bs-js-navbar-scrollspy">
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">Tutorial Name</a>
</div>
<div class = "collapse navbar-collapse bs-js-navbar-scrollspy">
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#ios">iOS</a></li>
<li><a href = "#svn">SVN</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" id = "navbarDrop1" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "navbarDrop1">
<li><a href = "#jmeter" tabindex = "-1">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#ejb" tabindex = "-1">ejb</a></li>
<li class = "divider"></li>
<li><a href = "#spring" tabindex = "-1">spring</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<div data-spy = "scroll" data-target = "#myScrollspy" data-offset = "0"
style = "height:200px; overflow:auto; position: relative;">
<div class = "section">
<h4 id = "ios">iOS<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSection(this);">
× Remove this section</a></small>
</h4>
<p>iOS is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by
Apple Inc. Originally released in 2007 for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and
Apple TV. iOS is derived from OS X, with which it shares the Darwin
foundation. iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X operating system
used on Apple computers.</p>
</div>
<div class = "section">
<h4 id = "svn">SVN<small></small></h4>
<p>Apache Subversion which is often abbreviated as SVN, is a software
versioning and revision control system distributed under an open source
license. Subversion was created by CollabNet Inc. in 2000, but
now it is developed as a project of the Apache Software Foundation,
and as such is part of a rich community of developers and users.</p>
</div>
<div class = "section">
<h4 id = "jmeter">jMeter<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSection(this);">
× Remove this section</a></small>
</h4>
<p>jMeter is an Open Source testing software. It is 100% pure Java
application for load and performance testing.</p>
</div>
<div class = "section">
<h4 id = "ejb">EJB</h4>
<p>Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a development architecture for
building highly scalable and robust enterprise level applications
to be deployed on J2EE compliant Application Server such as
JBOSS, Web Logic etc.</p>
</div>
<div class = "section">
<h4 id = "spring">Spring</h4>
<p>Spring framework is an open source Java platform that provides
comprehensive infrastructure support for developing robust Java
applications very easily and very rapidly.</p>
<p>Spring framework was initially written by Rod Johnson and was first
released under the Apache 2.0 license in June 2003.</p>
</div>
</div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function(){
removeSection = function(e) {
$(e).parents(".section").remove();
$('[data-spy = "scroll"]').each(function () {
var $spy = $(this).scrollspy('refresh')
});
}
$("#myScrollspy").scrollspy();
});
</script>
Events
下表列出了用于滚动侦听的事件。可以使用此事件连接到函数。
The following table lists the events to work with scrollspy. This event may be used to hook into the function.
Event |
Description |
Example |
activate.bs.scrollspy |
This event fires whenever a new item becomes activated by the scrollspy. |
$('#myScrollspy').on('activate.bs.scrollspy', function () { // do something… }) |
Example
以下示例演示了如何使用 activate.bs.scrollspy 事件——
The following example demonstrates the use of activate.bs.scrollspy event −
<html>
<head>
<link rel = "stylesheet" href = "bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src = "bootstrap/scripts/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src = "bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
removeSection = function(e) {
$(e).parents(".subject").remove();
$('[data-spy="scroll"]').each(function () {
var $spy = $(this).scrollspy('refresh')
});
}
$("#Navexample").scrollspy();
// The event is fired when an item gets actived with the scrollspy
$("#Navexample").on('activate.bs.scrollspy', function () {
var currentSection = $(".nav li.active > a").text();
$("#spyevent").html("Current Item being viewed >> " + currentSection);
})
});
</script>
<style>
.scroll-box {
height: 250px;
position: relative;
overflow: auto;
font-size:2em;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class = "container">
<nav id = "Navexample" class = "navbar navbar-default" role = "navigation">
<!-- Nav Bar -->
<div class = "navbar-header">
<button type = "button" class = "navbar-toggle"
data-toggle = "collapse" data-target = "#navbarCollapse">
<span class = "sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
<span class = "icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class = "navbar-brand" href = "#">Tutorials Point</a>
</div>
<!-- Links and Sublinks -->
<div class = "collapse navbar-collapse" id = "navbarCollapse">
<ul class = "nav navbar-nav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#subject-1">Subject 1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#subject-2">Subject 2</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown"><a href = "#" class = "dropdown-toggle"
data-toggle = "dropdown">Subject 3<b class = "caret"></b></a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu">
<li><a href = "#subject-3-1">Subject 3.1</a></li>
<li><a href = "#subject-3-2">Subject 3.2</a></li>
<li><a href = "#subject-3-3">Subject 3.3</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href = "#subject-4">Subject 4</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<div class = "scroll-box" data-spy = "scroll" data-offset = "0">
<div class = "subject">
<h3 id = "subject-1">Subject 1
<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSubject(this);">Remove Subject ×</a></small>
</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class = "subject">
<h3 id = "subject-2">Subject 2
<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSubject(this);">Remove Subject ×</a></small>
</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class = "subject">
<h3 id = "subject-3">Subject 3
<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSubject(this);"> Remove Subject ×</a></small>
</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p><
</div>
<hr>
<div class = "subject">
<h4 id = "subject-3-1">Subject 3.1
<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSubject(this);"> Remove Subject ×</a></small>
</h4>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
<div class = "subject">
<h4 id = "subject-3-2">Subject 3.2
<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSubject(this);"> Remove Subject ×</a></small>
</h4>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
<div class = "subject">
<h4 id = "subject-3-3">Subject 3.3
<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSubject(this);">Remove Subject ×</a></small>
</h4>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
<hr>
<div class = "subject">
<h3 id = "subject-4">Subject 4
<small><a href = "#" onclick = "removeSubject(this);">Remove Subject ×</a></small>
</h3>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr>
<h4 id = "spyevent" class = "text-info"></h4>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Bootstrap - Tab Plugin
在章节 Bootstrap Navigation Elements 中引入了选项卡。通过组合一些数据属性,你可以轻松创建选项卡界面。使用此插件,你可以切换选项卡或选项卡下拉菜单中的本地内容窗格。
Tabs were introduced in the chapter Bootstrap Navigation Elements. By combining a few data attributes, you can easily create a tabbed interface. With this plug-in you can transition through panes of local content in tabs or pills, even via drop down menus.
Usage
可以通过以下两种方式启用选项卡——
You can enable tabs in the following two ways −
-
Via data attributes − you need to add data-toggle = "tab" or data-toggle = "pill" to the anchors. Adding the nav and nav-tabs classes to the tab ul will apply the Bootstrap tab styling, while adding the nav and nav-pills classes will apply pill styling.
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li><a href = "#identifier" data-toggle = "tab">Home</a></li>
...
</ul>
-
Via JavaScript − you can enable tabs using Javscript as below −
$('#myTab a').click(function (e) {
e.preventDefault()
$(this).tab('show')
})
-
Here’s an example of different ways to activate individual tabs −
// Select tab by name
$('#myTab a[href = "#profile"]').tab('show')
// Select first tab
$('#myTab a:first').tab('show')
// Select last tab
$('#myTab a:last').tab('show')
// Select third tab (0-indexed)
$('#myTab li:eq(2) a').tab('show')
Fade Effect
为选项卡添加淡入淡出效果,给每个 .tab-pane 添加 .fade 。第一个选项卡窗格也必须有 .in 来正确地淡入初始内容 −
To get a fade effect for tabs, add .fade to each .tab-pane. The first tab pane must also have .in to properly fade in initial content −
<div class = "tab-content">
<div class = "tab-pane fade in active" id = "home">...</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "svn">...</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "ios">...</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "java">...</div>
</div>
Example
使用数据属性和淡入淡出效果的选项卡插件示例如下 −
An example of tab plugin using data attributes and fade effect is as shown in the following example −
<ul id = "myTab" class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li class = "active">
<a href = "#home" data-toggle = "tab">
Tutorial Point Home
</a>
</li>
<li><a href = "#ios" data-toggle = "tab">iOS</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" id = "myTabDrop1" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "myTabDrop1">
<li><a href = "#jmeter" tabindex = "-1" data-toggle = "tab">jmeter</a></li>
<li><a href = "#ejb" tabindex = "-1" data-toggle = "tab">ejb</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div id = "myTabContent" class = "tab-content">
<div class = "tab-pane fade in active" id = "home">
<p>Tutorials Point is a place for beginners in all technical areas.
This website covers most of the latest technologies and explains each of
the technology with simple examples.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "ios">
<p>iOS is a mobile operating system developed and distributed
by Apple Inc. Originally released in 2007 for the iPhone, iPod Touch,
and Apple TV. iOS is derived from OS X, with which it shares the
Darwin foundation. iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X
operating system used on Apple computers.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "jmeter">
<p>jMeter is an Open Source testing software. It is 100% pure Java
application for load and performance testing.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "ejb">
<p>Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a development architecture for
building highly scalable and robust enterprise level applications to be
deployed on J2EE compliant Application Server such as JBOSS, Web Logic etc.</p>
</div>
</div>
Methods
.$().tab − 此方法激活选项卡元素和内容容器。选项卡应具有一个 data-target 或一个 href ,它们都针对 DOM 中的容器节点。
.$().tab − This method activates a tab element and content container. Tab should have either a data-target or an href targeting a container node in the DOM.
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs" id = "myTab">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#identifier" data-toggle = "tab">Home</a></li>
.....
</ul>
<div class = "tab-content">
<div class = "tab-pane active" id = "home">...</div>
.....
</div>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#myTab a:last').tab('show')
})
</script>
Example
以下示例显示了选项卡插件方法 .tab 的用法。在此示例中,第二个选项卡 iOS 已激活 −
The following example shows the use of tab plugin method .tab. Here in the example the second tab iOS is activated −
<ul id = "myTab" class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li class = "active">
<a href = "#home" data-toggle = "tab">
Tutorial Point Home
</a>
</li>
<li><a href = "#ios" data-toggle = "tab">iOS</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" id = "myTabDrop1" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "myTabDrop1">
<li>
<a href = "#jmeter" tabindex = "-1" data-toggle = "tab">
jmeter
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href = "#ejb" tabindex = "-1" data-toggle = "tab">
ejb
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div id = "myTabContent" class = "tab-content">
<div class = "tab-pane fade in active" id = "home">
<p>Tutorials Point is a place for beginners in all technical areas.
This website covers most of the latest technologies and explains each of
the technology with simple examples.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "ios">
<p>iOS is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by
Apple Inc. Originally released in 2007 for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and
Apple TV. iOS is derived from OS X, with which it shares the Darwin
foundation. iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X operating system
used on Apple computers.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "jmeter">
<p>jMeter is an Open Source testing software. It is 100% pure Java
application for load and performance testing.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "ejb">
<p>Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a development architecture for
building highly scalable and robust enterprise level applications to be
deployed on J2EE compliant Application Server such as JBOSS,
Web Logic etc.</p>
</div>
</div>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#myTab li:eq(1) a').tab('show');
});
</script>
Events
下表列出了与选项卡插件协同工作的事件。此事件可用于连接到函数。
Following table lists the events to work with tab plugin. This event may be used to hook into the function.
Event |
Description |
Example |
show.bs.tab |
This event fires on tab show, but before the new tab has been shown. Use event.target and event.relatedTarget to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively. |
$('a[data-toggle = "tab"]').on('show.bs.tab', function (e) { e.target // activated tab e.relatedTarget // previous tab }) |
shown.bs.tab |
This event fires on tab show after a tab has been shown. Use event.target and event.relatedTarget to target the active tab and the previous active tab (if available) respectively. |
$('a[data-toggle = "tab"]').on('shown.bs.tab', function (e) { e.target // activated tab e.relatedTarget // previous tab }) |
Example
以下示例显示了选项卡插件事件的用法。在此示例中,我们将显示当前和前一个已访问的选项卡 −
The following example shows use of tab plugin events. Here in the example we will display the current and previous visited tabs −
<hr>
<p class = "active-tab"><strong>Active Tab</strong>: <span></span></p>
<p class = "previous-tab"><strong>Previous Tab</strong>: <span></span></p>
<hr>
<ul id = "myTab" class = "nav nav-tabs">
<li class = "active">
<a href = "#home" data-toggle = "tab">
Tutorial Point Home
</a>
</li>
<li><a href = "#ios" data-toggle = "tab">iOS</a></li>
<li class = "dropdown">
<a href = "#" id = "myTabDrop1" class = "dropdown-toggle" data-toggle = "dropdown">
Java
<b class = "caret"></b>
</a>
<ul class = "dropdown-menu" role = "menu" aria-labelledby = "myTabDrop1">
<li>
<a href = "#jmeter" tabindex = "-1" data-toggle = "tab">jmeter</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href = "#ejb" tabindex = "-1" data-toggle = "tab">ejb</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div id = "myTabContent" class = "tab-content">
<div class = "tab-pane fade in active" id = "home">
<p>Tutorials Point is a place for beginners in all technical areas.
This website covers most of the latest technologies and explains each of
the technology with simple examples.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "ios">
<p>iOS is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by
Apple Inc. Originally released in 2007 for the iPhone, iPod Touch, and
Apple TV. iOS is derived from OS X, with which it shares the Darwin
foundation. iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X operating system
used on Apple computers.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "jmeter">
<p>jMeter is an Open Source testing software. It is 100% pure Java
application for load and performance testing.</p>
</div>
<div class = "tab-pane fade" id = "ejb">
<p>Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a development architecture for
building highly scalable and robust enterprise level applications to be
deployed on J2EE compliant Application Server such as JBOSS, Web Logic etc.</p>
</div>
</div>
<script>
$(function(){
$('a[data-toggle = "tab"]').on('shown.bs.tab', function (e) {
// Get the name of active tab
var activeTab = $(e.target).text();
// Get the name of previous tab
var previousTab = $(e.relatedTarget).text();
$(".active-tab span").html(activeTab);
$(".previous-tab span").html(previousTab);
});
});
</script>
Bootstrap - Tooltip Plug-in
当需要描述链接时,工具提示非常有用。此插件的灵感来自 Jason Frame 编写的 jQuery.tipsy 插件。自此以后,工具提示已更新为可以在没有图片的情况下工作、使用 CSS 动画和使用数据属性进行本地标题存储。
Tooltips are useful when you need to describe a link. The plugin was inspired by jQuery.tipsy plugin written by Jason Frame. Tooltips have since been updated to work without images, animate with a CSS animation, and data-attributes for local title storage.
Usage
工具提示插件按需生成内容和标记,并且默认情况下将工具提示放置在触发元素之后。你可以用以下两种方式添加工具提示 −
The tooltip plugin generates content and markup on demand, and by default places tooltips after their trigger element. You can add tooltips in the following two ways −
-
Via data attributes − To add a tooltip, add data-toggle = "tooltip" to an anchor tag. The title of the anchor will be the text of a tooltip. By default, tooltip is set to top by the plugin.
<a href = "#" data-toggle = "tooltip" title = "Example tooltip">Hover over me</a>
-
Via JavaScript − Trigger the tooltip via JavaScript −
$('#identifier').tooltip(options)
Example
以下示例演示了通过数据属性使用工具提示插件。
The following example demonstrates the use of tooltip plugin via data attributes.
<h4>Tooltip examples for anchors</h4>
This is a <a href = "#" class = "tooltip-test" data-toggle = "tooltip"
title = "Tooltip on left"> Default Tooltip</a>.
This is a <a href = "#" class = "tooltip-test" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "left" title = "Tooltip on left">Tooltip on Left</a>.
This is a <a href = "#" data-toggle = "tooltip" data-placement = "top"
title = "Tooltip on top">Tooltip on Top</a>.
This is a <a href = "#" data-toggle = "tooltip" data-placement = "bottom"
title = "Tooltip on bottom">Tooltip on Bottom</a>.
This is a <a href = "#" data-toggle = "tooltip" data-placement = "right"
title = "Tooltip on right">Tooltip on Right</a>
<br>
<h4>Tooltip examples for buttons</h4>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" data-toggle = "tooltip" title = "Tooltip on left">
Default Tooltip
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "left" title = "Tooltip on left">
Tooltip on left
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "top" title = "Tooltip on top">
Tooltip on top
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "bottom" title = "Tooltip on bottom">
Tooltip on bottom
</button>
<button type = " button" class = " btn btn-default" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "right" title = "Tooltip on right">
Tooltip on right
</button>
<script>
$(function () { $("[data-toggle = 'tooltip']").tooltip(); });
</script>
Options
有几个选项可以通过 Bootstrap 数据 API 或通过 JavaScript 调用添加。下表列出了这些选项 −
There are certain options which can be added via the Bootstrap Data API or invoked via JavaScript. Following table lists the options −
Option Name |
Type/Default Value |
Data attribute name |
Description |
animation |
boolean Default: true |
data-animation |
Applies a CSS fade transition to the tooltip. |
html |
boolean Default: false |
data-html |
Inserts HTML into the tooltip. If false, jQuery’s text method will be used to insert content into the dom. Use text if you’re worried about XSS attacks. |
placement |
string |
function Default: top |
data-placement |
Specifies how to position the tooltip (i.e., top |
bottom |
left |
right |
auto). When auto is specified, it will dynamically reorient the tooltip. For example, if placement is "auto left", the tooltip will display to the left when possible, otherwise it will display right. |
selector |
string Default: false |
data-selector |
If a selector is provided, tooltip objects will be delegated to the specified targets. |
title |
string |
function Default: " |
data-title |
The title option is the default title value if the title attribute isn’t present. |
trigger |
string Default: 'hover focus' |
data-trigger |
Defines how the tooltip is triggered: *click |
hover |
focus |
manual*. You may pass multiple triggers; separate them with a space. |
content |
string |
function Default: '' |
data-content |
Default content value if data-content attribute isn’t present |
delay |
number |
object Default: 0 |
data-delay |
Delays showing and hiding the tooltip in ms — does not apply to manual trigger type. If a number is supplied, delay is applied to both hide/show. Object structure is − delay: { show: 500, hide: 100 } |
container |
string |
false Default: false |
data-container |
Appends the tooltip to a specific element. Example: container: 'body' |
Methods
以下是工具提示的一些有用方法 −
The following are some useful methods for tooltips −
Method |
Description |
Example |
Options − .tooltip(options) |
Attaches a tooltip handler to an element collection. |
$().tooltip(options) |
Toggle − .tooltip('toggle') |
Toggles an element’s tooltip. |
$('#element').tooltip('toggle') |
Show − .tooltip('show') |
Reveals an element’s tooltip. |
$('#element').tooltip('show') |
Hide − .tooltip('hide') |
Hides an element’s tooltip. |
$('#element').tooltip('hide') |
Destroy − .tooltip('destroy') |
Hides and destroys an element’s tooltip. |
$('#element').tooltip('destroy') |
Example
以下示例演示了通过数据属性使用工具提示插件。
The following example demonstrates the use of tooltip plugin via data attributes.
<div style = "padding: 100px 100px 10px;">
This is a <a href = "#" class = "tooltip-show" data-toggle = "tooltip"
title = "show">Tooltip on method show</a>.
This is a <a href = "#" class = "tooltip-hide" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "left" title = "hide">Tooltip on method hide</a>.
This is a <a href = "#" class = "tooltip-destroy" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "top" title = "destroy">Tooltip on method destroy</a>.
This is a <a href = "#" class = "tooltip-toggle" data-toggle = "tooltip"
data-placement = "bottom" title = "toggle">Tooltip on method toggle</a>.
<br><br><br><br><br><br>
<p class = "tooltip-options" >
This is a <a href = "#" data-toggle = "tooltip" title = "<h2>'am Header2
</h2>">Tooltip on method options</a>.
</p>
<script>
$(function () { $('.tooltip-show').tooltip('show');});
$(function () { $('.tooltip-hide').tooltip('hide');});
$(function () { $('.tooltip-destroy').tooltip('destroy');});
$(function () { $('.tooltip-toggle').tooltip('toggle');});
$(function () { $(".tooltip-options a").tooltip({html : true });});
</script>
</div>
Events
下表列出了与工具提示插件配合使用的一些事件。该事件可以用来挂接函数。
Following table lists the events to work with tooltip plugin. This event may be used to hook into the function.
Event |
Description |
Example |
show.bs.tooltip |
This event fires immediately when the show instance method is called. |
$('#myTooltip').on('show.bs.tooltip', function () { // do something }) |
shown.bs.tooltip |
This event is fired when the tooltip has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#myTooltip').on('shown.bs.tooltip', function () { // do something }) |
hide.bs.tooltip |
This event is fired immediately when the hide instance method has been called. |
$('#myTooltip').on('hide.bs.tooltip', function () { // do something }) |
hidden.bs.tooltip |
This event is fired when the tooltip has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#myTooltip').on('hidden.bs.tooltip', function () { // do something }) |
Example
以下示例演示了通过数据属性使用工具提示插件。
The following example demonstrates the use of tooltip plugin via data attributes.
<h4>Tooltip examples for anchors</h4>
This is a <a href = "#" class = "tooltip-show" data-toggle = "tooltip"
title = "Default Tooltip">Default Tooltip</a>.
<script>
$(function () { $('.tooltip-show').tooltip('show');});
$(function () { $('.tooltip-show').on('show.bs.tooltip', function () {
alert("Alert message on show");
})});
</script>
Bootstrap - Popover Plugin
弹出框与工具提示类似,提供了带有标题的完整扩展视图。要激活弹出框,用户只需将光标悬停在元素上即可。弹出框的内容可以使用 Bootstrap 数据 API 完全填充。此方法需要一个工具提示。
The popover is similar to tooltip, offering an extended view complete with a heading. For the popover to activate, a user just needs to hover the cursor over the element. The content of the popover can be populated entirely using the Bootstrap Data API. This method requires a tooltip.
Usage
弹出框插件会按需生成内容和标记,并且默认情况下会在其触发元素后放置弹出框。您可以通过以下两种方式添加弹出框 −
The popover plugin generates content and markup on demand, and by default places popover after their trigger element. You can add popover in the following two ways −
-
Via data attributes − To add a popover, add data-toggle = "popover" to an anchor/button tag. The title of the anchor will be the text of a popover. By default, popover is set to top by the plugin.
<a href = "#" data-toggle = "popover" title = "Example popover">
Hover over me
</a>
-
Via JavaScript − Enable popovers via JavaScript using the following syntax −
$('#identifier').popover(options)
Example
以下示例演示了通过数据属性使用弹出框插件。
The following example demonstrates the use of popover plugin via data attributes.
<div class = "container" style = "padding: 100px 50px 10px;" >
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default" title = "Popover title"
data-container = "body" data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "left"
data-content = "Some content in Popover on left">
Popover on left
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" title = "Popover title"
data-container = "body" data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "top"
data-content = "Some content in Popover on top">
Popover on top
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-success" title = "Popover title"
data-container = "body" data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "bottom"
data-content = "Some content in Popover on bottom">
Popover on bottom
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-warning" title = "Popover title"
data-container = "body" data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "right"
data-content = "Some content in Popover on right">
Popover on right
</button>
</div>
<script>
$(function (){
$("[data-toggle = 'popover']").popover();
});
</script>
Options
有几个选项可以通过 Bootstrap 数据 API 或通过 JavaScript 调用添加。下表列出了这些选项 −
There are certain options which can be added via the Bootstrap Data API or invoked via JavaScript. Following table lists the options −
Option Name |
Type/Default Value |
Data attribute name |
Description |
animation |
boolean Default − true |
data-animation |
Applies a CSS fade transition to the popover. |
html |
boolean Default − false |
data-html |
Inserts HTML into the popover. If false, jQuery’s text method will be used to insert content into the dom. Use text if you’re worried about XSS attacks. |
placement |
string |
function Default − top |
data-placement |
Specifies how to position the popover (i.e., top |
bottom |
left |
right |
auto). When auto is specified, it will dynamically reorient the popover. For example, if placement is "auto left", the popover will display to the left when possible, otherwise it will display right. |
selector |
string Default − false |
data-selector |
If a selector is provided, popover objects will be delegated to the specified targets. |
title |
string |
function Default − " |
data-title |
The title option is the default title value if the title attribute isn’t present. |
trigger |
string Default − 'hover focus' |
data-trigger |
Defines how the popover is triggered − *click |
hover |
focus |
manual*. You may pass multiple triggers; separate them with a space. |
delay |
number |
object Default − 0 |
data-delay |
Delays showing and hiding the popover in ms — does not apply to manual trigger type. If a number is supplied, delay is applied to both hide/show. Object structure is − delay: { show: 500, hide: 100 } |
container |
string |
Methods
以下是用于弹出提示的一些有用的方法 -
The following are some useful methods for popover −
Method |
Description |
Example |
Options − .popover(options) |
Attaches a popover handler to an element collection. |
$().popover(options) |
Toggle − .popover('toggle') |
Toggles an element’s popover. |
$('#element').popover('toggle') |
Show − .popover('show') |
Reveals an element’s popover. |
$('#element').popover('show') |
Hide − .popover('hide') |
Hides an element’s popover. |
$('#element').popover('hide') |
Destroy − .popover('destroy') |
Hides and destroys an element’s popover. |
$('#element').popover('destroy') |
Example
下面的示例演示了弹出层插件方法 -
The following example demonstrates the popover plugin methods −
<div class = "container" style = "padding: 100px 50px 10px;" >
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-default popover-show"
title = "Popover title" data-container = "body"
data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "left"
data-content = "Some content in Popover with show method">
Popover on left
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary popover-hide"
title = "Popover title" data-container = "body"
data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "top"
data-content = "Some content in Popover-hide method">
Popover on top
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-success popover-destroy"
title = "Popover title" data-container = "body"
data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "bottom"
data-content = "Some content in Popover-destroy method">
Popover on bottom
</button>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-warning popover-toggle"
title = "Popover title" data-container = "body"
data-toggle = "popover" data-placement = "top"
data-content = "Some content in Popover-toggle method">
Popover on right
</button>
<br><br><br><br><br><br>
<p class = "popover-options">
<a href = "#" type = "button" class = "btn btn-warning"
title = "<h2>Title</h2>" data-container = "body"
data-toggle = "popover" data-content = "
<h4>Some content in Popover-options method</h4>">
Popover
</a>
</p>
<script>
$(function () { $('.popover-show').popover('show');});
$(function () { $('.popover-hide').popover('hide');});
$(function () { $('.popover-destroy').popover('destroy');});
$(function () { $('.popover-toggle').popover('toggle');});
$(function () { $(".popover-options a").popover({html : true });});
</script>
</div>
Events
下表列出了与弹出层插件配合使用的事件。此事件可用于链接到函数。
Following table lists the events to work with the popover plugin. This event may be used to hook into the function.
Event |
Description |
Example |
show.bs.popover |
This event fires immediately when the show instance method is called. |
$('#mypopover').on('show.bs.popover', function () { // do something }) |
shown.bs.popover |
This event is fired when the popover has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#mypopover').on('shown.bs.popover', function () { // do something }) |
hide.bs.popover |
This event is fired immediately when the hide instance method has been called. |
$('#mypopover').on('hide.bs.popover', function () { // do something }) |
hidden.bs.popover |
This event is fired when the popover has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#mypopover').on('hidden.bs.popover', function () { // do something }) |
Example
下面的示例演示了弹出层插件事件 -
The following example demonstrates the Popover plugin events −
<div clas = "container" style = "padding: 100px 50px 10px;" >
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary popover-show"
title = "Popover title" data-container = "body" data-toggle = "popover"
data-content = "Some content in Popover with show method">
Popover on left
</button>
</div>
<script>
$(function () { $('.popover-show').popover('show');});
$(function () { $('.popover-show').on('shown.bs.popover', function () {
alert("Alert message on show");
})});
</script>
Bootstrap - Alert Plugin
警告消息通常用于向终端用户显示信息,例如警告或确认消息。使用警告消息插件,您可以为所有警告消息添加关闭功能。
Alert messages are mostly used to display information such as warning or confirmation messages to the end users. Using alert message plugin you can add dismiss functionality to all alert messages.
Usage
您可以用以下两种方式启用关闭警告 -
You can enable dismissal of an alert in the following two ways −
-
Via data attributes − To dismiss via Data API just add data-dismiss = "alert" to your close button to automatically give an alert close functionality.
<a class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert" href = "#" aria-hidden = "true">
×
</a>
-
Via JavaScript − To dismiss via JavaScript use the following syntax −
$(".alert").alert()
Methods
以下是某些对警告插件有用的方法 -
The following are some useful methods for alert plugin −
Method |
Description |
Example |
.alert() |
This method wraps all alerts with close functionality. |
$('#identifier').alert(); |
Close Method .alert('close') |
To enable all alerts to be closed, add this method. |
$('#identifier').alert('close'); |
Example
以下示例演示了 .alert() 方法的使用 -
The following example demonstrates the use of .alert() method −
<h3>Alert messages to demonstrate alert() method </h3>
<div id = "myAlert" class = "alert alert-success">
<a href = "#" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert">×</a>
<strong>Success!</strong> the result is successful.
</div>
<div id = "myAlert" class = "alert alert-warning">
<a href = "#" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert">×</a>
<strong>Warning!</strong> There was a problem with your network connection.
</div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function(){
$(".close").click(function(){
$("#myAlert").alert();
});
});
</script>
以下示例演示了 .alert('close') 方法的使用 −
The following example demonstrates the use of .alert('close') method −
<h3>Alert messages to demonstrate alert('close') method </h3>
<div id = "myAlert" class = "alert alert-success">
<a href = "#" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert">×</a>
<strong>Success!</strong> the result is successful.
</div>
<div id = "myAlert" class = "alert alert-warning">
<a href = "#" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert">×</a>
<strong>Warning!</strong> There was a problem with your network connection.
</div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function(){
$(".close").click(function(){
$("#myAlert").alert('close');
});
});
</script>
尝试使用 Try it 编辑器运行此代码。你可以看到关闭功能应用于所有警报消息,即关闭任何一个警报消息,其余的警报消息也将随之关闭。
Try this code using the Try it editor. You can see that the close functionality is applied to all the alert messages i.e. close any alert message, rest of the alert messages also gets closed.
Events
下表列出了用于处理警报插件的事件。此事件可用于挂接到警报函数。
Following table lists the events to work with alert plugin. This event may be used to hook into the alert function.
Event |
Description |
Example |
close.bs.alert |
This event fires immediately when the close instance method is called. |
$('#myalert').bind('close.bs.alert', function () { // do something }) |
closed.bs.alert |
This event is fired when the alert has been closed (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#myalert').bind('closed.bs.alert', function () { // do something }) |
Example
以下示例演示了警报插件事件 −
The following example demonstrates the alert plugin events −
<div id = "myAlert" class = "alert alert-success">
<a href = "#" class = "close" data-dismiss = "alert">×</a>
<strong>Success!</strong> the result is successful.
</div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function(){
$("#myAlert").bind('closed.bs.alert', function () {
alert("Alert message box is closed.");
});
});
</script>
Bootstrap - Button Plugin
按钮已在章节 Bootstrap Buttons 中进行了说明。通过此插件,你可以添加一些交互,例如控制按钮状态或为更多组件(例如工具栏)创建按钮组。
Buttons were explained in chapter Bootstrap Buttons. With this plugin you can add in some interaction such as control button states or create groups of buttons for more components like toolbars.
Loading State
若要为按钮添加加载状态,只需将 data-loading-text = "Loading…" 作为属性添加到按钮元素,如下例所示 −
To add a loading state to a button, simply add the data-loading-text = "Loading…" as an attribute to the button element as shown in the following example −
<button id = "fat-btn" class = "btn btn-primary" data-loading-text = "Loading..." type = "button">
Loading state
</button>
<script>
$(function() {
$(".btn").click(function(){
$(this).button('loading').delay(1000).queue(function() {
// $(this).button('reset');
});
});
});
</script>
当你单击按钮时,输出将如以下图像所示 −
When you click on the button the output would be as seen in the following image −
Single toggle
若要在单个按钮上激活切换(即,将按钮的正常状态更改为按下状态,反之亦然),请将 data-toggle = "button" 作为属性添加到按钮元素,如下例所示 −
To activate toggling (i.e. change the normal state of a button to a push state and vice versa) on a single button, add the data-toggle = "button" as an attribute to the button element as shown in the following example −
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" data-toggle = "button">
Single toggle
</button>
Checkbox
你可以创建复选框组并通过简单地将数据属性 data-toggle = "buttons" 添加到 btn-group. 来为其添加切换功能。
You can create group of checkboxes and add toggling to it by simply adding the data attribute data-toggle = "buttons" to the btn-group.
<div class = "btn-group" data-toggle = "buttons">
<label class = "btn btn-primary">
<input type = "checkbox"> Option 1
</label>
<label class = "btn btn-primary">
<input type = "checkbox"> Option 2
</label>
<label class = "btn btn-primary">
<input type = "checkbox"> Option 3
</label>
</div>
Radio
同样,你还可以创建一组单选输入并通过简单地将数据属性 data-toggle = "buttons" 添加到 btn-group 来为其添加切换功能。
Similarly you can create a group of radio inputs and add toggling to it by simply adding the data attribute data-toggle = "buttons" to the btn-group.
<div class = "btn-group" data-toggle = "buttons">
<label class = "btn btn-primary">
<input type = "radio" name =" options" id = "option1"> Option 1
</label>
<label class = "btn btn-primary">
<input type = "radio" name = "options" id = "option2"> Option 2
</label>
<label class = "btn btn-primary">
<input type = "radio" name = "options" id = "option3"> Option 3
</label>
</div>
Usage
你可以启用按钮插件 via JavaScript ,如下所示 −
You can enable buttons plugin via JavaScript as shown below −
$('.btn').button()
Methods
下面列出了一些对按钮插件有用的方法 −
Given below are some of the useful methods for buttons plugin −
Method |
Description |
Example |
button('toggle') |
Toggles push state. Gives the button the appearance that it has been activated. You can also enable auto toggling of a button by using the data-toggle attribute. |
$().button('toggle') |
.button('loading') |
When loading, the button is disabled and the text is changed to the option from the data-loading-text attribute of button element |
$().button('loading') |
.button('reset') |
Resets button state, bringing the original content back to the text. This method is useful when you need to return the button back to the primary state |
$().button('reset') |
.button(string) |
String in this method is referring to any string declared by the user. To reset the button state and bring in new content use this method. |
$().button(string) |
Example
以下示例演示上述方法的使用:
The following example demonstrates the use of the above methods −
<h2>Click on each of the buttons to see the effects of methods</h2>
<h4>Example to demonstrate .button('toggle') method</h4>
<div id = "myButtons1" class = "bs-example">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary">Primary</button>
</div>
<h4>Example to demonstrate .button('loading') method</h4>
<div id = "myButtons2" class = "bs-example">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" data-loading-text = "Loading...">
Primary
</button>
</div>
<h4>Example to demonstrate .button('reset') method</h4>
<div id = "myButtons3" class = "bs-example">
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" data-loading-text = "Loading...">
Primary
</button>
</div>
<h4>Example to demonstrate .button(string) method</h4>
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" id = "myButton4"
data-complete-text = "Loading finished">
Click Me
</button>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function () {
$("#myButtons1 .btn").click(function(){
$(this).button('toggle');
});
});
$(function() {
$("#myButtons2 .btn").click(function(){
$(this).button('loading').delay(1000).queue(function() {
});
});
});
$(function() {
$("#myButtons3 .btn").click(function(){
$(this).button('loading').delay(1000).queue(function() {
$(this).button('reset');
});
});
});
$(function() {
$("#myButton4").click(function(){
$(this).button('loading').delay(1000).queue(function() {
$(this).button('complete');
});
});
});
</script>
Bootstrap - Collapse Plugin
合并插件可以轻松创建页面的折叠区段。无论你使用它来构建手风琴式导航还是内容框,它都能提供大量内容选项。
The collapse plugin makes it easy to make collapsing divisions of the page. Whether you use it to build an accordion navigation or content boxes, it allows for a lot of content options.
你可以使用合并插件:
You can use the collapse plugin −
-
To create collapsible groups or accordion. This can be created as in the sample example below −
<div class = "panel-group" id = "accordion">
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseOne">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse.Section 1
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseOne" class = "panel-collapse collapse in">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseTwo">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse.Section 2
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseTwo" class = "panel-collapse collapse">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseThree">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse.Section 3
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseThree" class = "panel-collapse collapse">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
-
data-toggle = "collapse" is added to the link on which you click to expand or collapse the component.
-
href or a data-target attribute is added to the parent component, whose value is id of the child component.
-
data-parent attribute is added for creating the accordion like effect.
-
To create simple collapsible without the accordion markup − This can be created as in the sample example below −
<button type = "button" class = "btn btn-primary" data-toggle = "collapse" data-target = "#demo">
simple collapsible
</button>
<div id = "demo" class = "collapse in">
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</div>
如你所见,在这个示例中,我们创建了一个简单的可折叠组件,与手风琴不同,我们没有添加 data-parent 属性。
As you can see in the example we have created a simple collapsible component, unlike accordion, we haven’t added the attribute data-parent.
Usage
下表列出了合并插件用于处理繁重任务的类:
Following table lists the classes that the collapse plugin utilizes to handle the heavy lifting −
Sr.No. |
Class &Description |
1 |
.collapse Hides the content. |
2 |
.collapse.in Shows the content. |
3 |
.collapsing Is added when the transition starts, and removed when it finishes. |
你可以用以下两种方法使用合并插件:
You can use collapse plugin in two ways −
-
Via data attributes − Add data-toggle = "collapse" and a data-target to the element to automatically assign control of a collapsible element. The data-target attribute will accept a CSS selector to apply the collapse to. Be sure to add the class .collapse to the collapsible element. If you’d like it to default open, include the additional class .in. To add accordion-like group management to a collapsible control, add the data attribute data-parent = "#selector".
-
Via JavaScript − The collapse method can be activated with JavaScript as shown below −
$('.collapse').collapse()
Options
可以通过数据属性或 JavaScript 传递某些选项,它们列在以下表中:
There are certain options which can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript are listed in the following table −
Option Name |
Type/Default Value |
Data attribute name |
Description |
parent |
selector Default − false |
data-parent |
If selector is false, then all collapsible elements under the specified parent will be closed (similar to traditional accordion behavior - this dependent on the accordion-group class). |
toggle |
boolean Default − true |
data-toggle |
Toggles the collapsible element on invocation. |
Methods
以下列出了与可折叠元素一起使用的一些有用的方法。
Here is a list of some useful methods that are used with collapsible elements.
Method |
Description |
Example |
Options − .collapse(options) |
Activates your content as a collapsible element. Accepts an optional options object. |
$('#identifier').collapse({ toggle: false }) |
Toggle − .collapse('toggle') |
Toggles a collapsible element to shown or hidden. |
$('#identifier').collapse('toggle') |
Show − .collapse('show') |
Shows a collapsible element. |
$('#identifier').collapse('show') |
Hide − .collapse('hide') |
Hides a collapsible element. |
$('#identifier').collapse('hide') |
Example
以下示例演示了方法的使用 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of methods −
<div class = "panel-group" id = "accordion">
<div class = "panel panel-default">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseOne">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse. Section 1--hide method
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseOne" class = "panel-collapse collapse in">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-success">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseTwo">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse. Section 2--show method
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseTwo" class = "panel-collapse collapse">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-info">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseThree">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse. Section 3--toggle method
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseThree" class = "panel-collapse collapse">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class = "panel panel-warning">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseFour">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse. Section 4--options method
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseFour" class = "panel-collapse collapse">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function () { $('#collapseFour').collapse({
toggle: false
})});
$(function () { $('#collapseTwo').collapse('show')});
$(function () { $('#collapseThree').collapse('toggle')});
$(function () { $('#collapseOne').collapse('hide')});
</script>
Events
下表列出了几个可与折叠功能搭配使用的事件。
The following table lists a few events that can be used with the collapse functionality.
Event |
Description |
Example |
show.bs.collapse |
Fired after the show method is called. |
$('#identifier').on('show.bs.collapse', function () { // do something }) |
shown.bs.collapse |
This event is fired when a collapse element has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#identifier').on('shown.bs.collapse', function () { // do something }) |
hide.bs.collapse |
Fired when the hide instance method has been called. |
$('#identifier').on('hide.bs.collapse', function () { // do something }) |
hidden.bs.collapse |
This event is fired when a collapse element has been hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). |
$('#identifier').on('hidden.bs.collapse', function () { // do something }) |
Example
以下示例演示了该事件的使用 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of events −
<div class = "panel-group" id = "accordion">
<div class = "panel panel-info">
<div class = "panel-heading">
<h4 class = "panel-title">
<a data-toggle = "collapse" data-parent = "#accordion" href = "#collapseexample">
Click me to expand. Click me again to collapse. Section --shown event
</a>
</h4>
</div>
<div id = "collapseexample" class = "panel-collapse collapse">
<div class = "panel-body">
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</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function () {
$('#collapseexample').on('show.bs.collapse', function () {
alert('Hey, this alert shows up when you expand it');
})
});
</script>
Bootstrap - Carousel Plugin
Bootstrap 轮播是一种灵活、响应的方式,可在你网站上添加滑块。除了响应性之外,内容的灵活性也足够大,可让你使用图像、iframe、视频或几乎任何你可能需要的类型的其他内容。
The Bootstrap carousel is a flexible, responsive way to add a slider to your site. In addition to being responsive, the content is flexible enough to allow images, iframes, videos, or just about any type of content that you might want.
Example
下面的一个简单幻灯片展示了一个通用组件,它可借助 Bootstrap 轮播插件,以轮播的方式循环浏览元素。要实现轮播,你只需使用标记添加代码即可。无需数据属性,只需要基于类的简单的开发即可。
A simple slideshow below shows a generic component for cycling through the elements like a carousel, using the Bootstrap carousel plugin. To implement the carousel, you just need to add the code with the markup. There is no need for data attributes, just simple class-based development.
<div id = "myCarousel" class = "carousel slide">
<!-- Carousel indicators -->
<ol class = "carousel-indicators">
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "0" class = "active"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "1"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "2"></li>
</ol>
<!-- Carousel items -->
<div class = "carousel-inner">
<div class = "item active">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide1.png" alt = "First slide">
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide2.png" alt = "Second slide">
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide3.png" alt = "Third slide">
</div>
</div>
<!-- Carousel nav -->
<a class = "carousel-control left" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "prev">‹</a>
<a class = "carousel-control right" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "next">›</a>
</div>
Optional Captions
你可以使用 .carousel-caption 元素在任何 .item 内轻松添加幻灯片标题。只需将几乎任何可选项 HTML 放置在其中,它将自动对齐和格式化。以下示例展示了这一点 −
You can add captions to your slides easily with the .carousel-caption element within any .item. Place just about any optional HTML within there and it will be automatically aligned and formatted. The following example demonstrates this −
<div id = "myCarousel" class = "carousel slide">
<!-- Carousel indicators -->
<ol class = "carousel-indicators">
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "0" class = "active"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "1"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "2"></li>
</ol>
<!-- Carousel items -->
<div class = "carousel-inner">
<div class = "item active">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide1.png" alt = "First slide">
<div class = "carousel-caption">This Caption 1</div>
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide2.png" alt = "Second slide">
<div class = "carousel-caption">This Caption 2</div>
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide3.png" alt = "Third slide">
<div class = "carousel-caption">This Caption 3</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Carousel nav -->
<a class = "carousel-control left" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "prev">‹</a>
<a class = "carousel-control right" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "next">›</a>+
</div>
Usage
-
Via data attributes − Use data attributes to easily control the position of the carousel. Attribute data-slide accepts the keywords prev or next, which alters the slide position relative to its current position. Use data-slide-to to pass a raw slide index to the carousel data-slide-to = "2", which shifts the slide position to a particular index beginning with 0. The data-ride = "carousel" attribute is used to mark a carousel as an animation starting at page load.
-
Via JavaScript − The carousel can be manually called with JavaScript as below −
$('.carousel').carousel()
Options
以下表列出了可以通过数据属性或 JavaScript 传递的某些选项 −
There are certain, options which can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript are listed in the following table −
Option Name |
Type/Default Value |
Data attribute name |
Description |
interval |
number Default − 5000 |
data-interval |
The amount of time to delay between automatically cycling an item. If false, carousel will not automatically cycle. |
pause |
string Default − "hover" |
data-pause |
Pauses the cycling of the carousel on mouseenter and resumes the cycling of the carousel on mouseleave. |
wrap |
boolean Default − true |
data-wrap |
Whether the carousel should cycle continuously or have hard stops. |
Methods
下面是一个可用于轮播代码的有用方法列表。
Here is a list of useful methods that can be used with carousel code.
Method |
Description |
Example |
.carousel(options) |
Initializes the carousel with an optional options object and starts cycling through items. |
$('#identifier').carousel({ interval: 2000 }) |
.carousel('cycle') |
Cycles through the carousel items from left to right. |
$('#identifier').carousel('cycle') |
.carousel('pause') |
Stops the carousel from cycling through items. |
$('#identifier')..carousel('pause') |
.carousel(number) |
Cycles the carousel to a particular frame (0 based, similar to an array). |
$('#identifier').carousel(number) |
.carousel('prev') |
Cycles to the previous item. |
$('#identifier').carousel('prev') |
.carousel('next') |
Cycles to the next item. |
$('#identifier').carousel('next') |
Example
以下示例演示了方法的使用 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of methods −
<div id = "myCarousel" class = "carousel slide">
<!-- Carousel indicators -->
<ol class = "carousel-indicators">
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "0" class = "active"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "1"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "2"></li>
</ol>
<!-- Carousel items -->
<div class = "carousel-inner">
<div class = "item active">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide1.png" alt = "First slide">
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide2.png" alt = "Second slide">
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide3.png" alt = "Third slide">
</div>
</div>
<!-- Carousel nav -->
<a class = "carousel-control left" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "prev">‹</a>
<a class = "carousel-control right" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "next">›</a>
<!-- Controls buttons -->
<div style = "text-align:center;">
<input type = "button" class = "btn prev-slide" value = "Previous Slide">
<input type = "button" class = "btn next-slide" value = "Next Slide">
<input type = "button" class = "btn slide-one" value = "Slide 1">
<input type = "button" class = "btn slide-two" value = "Slide 2">
<input type = "button" class = "btn slide-three" value = "Slide 3">
</div>
</div>
<script>
$(function() {
// Cycles to the previous item
$(".prev-slide").click(function() {
$("#myCarousel").carousel('prev');
});
// Cycles to the next item
$(".next-slide").click(function() {
$("#myCarousel").carousel('next');
});
// Cycles the carousel to a particular frame
$(".slide-one").click(function() {
$("#myCarousel").carousel(0);
});
$(".slide-two").click(function() {
$("#myCarousel").carousel(1);
});
$(".slide-three").click(function() {
$("#myCarousel").carousel(2);
});
});
</script>
Events
Bootstrap 的滚动图库类公开了两个事件,用于钩入滚动图库功能,如下表所示。
Bootstrap’s carousel class exposes two events for hooking into carousel functionality which are listed in the following table.
Event |
Description |
Example |
slide.bs.carousel |
This event fires immediately when the slide instance method is invoked. |
$('#identifier').on('slide.bs.carousel', function () { // do something }) |
slid.bs.carousel |
This event is fired when the carousel has completed its slide transition. |
$('#identifier').on('slid.bs.carousel', function () { // do something }) |
Example
以下示例演示了该事件的使用 -
The following example demonstrates the usage of events −
<div id = "myCarousel" class = "carousel slide">
<!-- Carousel indicators -->
<ol class = "carousel-indicators">
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "0" class = "active"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "1"></li>
<li data-target = "#myCarousel" data-slide-to = "2"></li>
</ol>
<!-- Carousel items -->
<div class = "carousel-inner">
<div class = "item active">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide1.png" alt = "First slide">
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide2.png" alt = "Second slide">
</div>
<div class = "item">
<img src = "/bootstrap/images/slide3.png" alt = "Third slide">
</div>
</div>
<!-- Carousel nav -->
<a class = "carousel-control left" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "prev">‹</a>
<a class = "carousel-control right" href = "#myCarousel" data-slide = "next">›</a>
</div>
<script>
$(function() {
$('#myCarousel').on('slide.bs.carousel', function () {
alert("This event fires immediately when the slide instance method" +"is invoked.");
});
});
</script>
Bootstrap - Affix Plugin
定位插件允许将 <div> 固定到页面上的某个位置。你还可以使用此插件切换其固定状态。此项功能的典型示例是社交媒体图标。它们会从一个位置开始,但当页面达到某个标记时,<div>会被锁定,并停止随页面其他部分一起滚动。
The affix plugin allows a <div> to become affixed to a location on the page. You can also toggle it’s pinning on and off using this plugin. A common example of this are social icons. They will start in a location, but as the page hits a certain mark, the <div> will be locked in place and will stop scrolling with the rest of the page.
Usage
你可以如下图通过数据属性或手动使用自己的 JavaScript 来使用定位插件。
You can use the affix plugin via data attributes or manually with your own JavaScript as discussed below.
-
Via data attributes − To easily add affix behavior to any element, just add data-spy = "affix" to the element you want to spy on. Use offsets to define when to toggle the pinning of an element.
Example
以下示例演示了通过数据属性进行使用 −
The following example demonstrates the usage through data attributes −
<div class = "container">
<div class = "jumbotron">
<h1>Bootstrap Affix Plugin example</h1>
</div>
<div id = "myNav" data-spy = "affix" data-offset-top = "60" data-offset-bottom = "200">
<div class = "col-md-3">
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs nav-stacked affix" data-spy = "affix" data-offset-top = "190">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#one">Tutorial One</a></li>
<li><a href = "#two">Tutorial Two</a></li>
<li><a href = "#three">Tutorial Three</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class = "col-md-9">
<h2 id = "one">Tutorial One</h2>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Nam eu sem tempor, varius quam at, luctus dui. Mauris magna metus,
dapibus nec turpis vel, semper malesuada ante. Vestibulum
id metus ac nisl bibendum scelerisque non non purus. Suspendisse
varius nibh non aliquet sagittis. In tincidunt orci sit amet
elementum vestibulum. Vivamus fermentum in arcu in aliquam. Quisque
aliquam porta odio in fringilla. Vivamus nisl leo, blandit at bibendum
eu, tristique eget risus. Integer aliquet quam ut elit suscipit,
id interdum neque porttitor. Integer faucibus ligula.</p>
<p>Vestibulum quis quam ut magna consequat faucibus.
Pellentesque eget nisi a mi suscipit tincidunt. Ut tempus dictum
risus. Pellentesque viverra sagittis quam at mattis. Suspendisse
potenti. Aliquam sit amet gravida nibh, facilisis gravida odio.
Phasellus auctor velit at lacus blandit, commodo iaculis justo
viverra. Etiam vitae est arcu. Mauris vel congue dolor. Aliquam eget
mi mi. Fusce quam tortor, commodo ac dui quis, bibendum viverra erat.
Maecenas mattis lectus enim, quis tincidunt dui molestie euismod.
Curabitur et diam tristique, accumsan nunc eu, hendrerit tellus.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id = "two">Tutorial Two</h2>
<p>Nullam hendrerit justo non leo aliquet imperdiet. Etiam in
sagittis lectus. Suspendisse ultrices placerat accumsan. Mauris quis
dapibus orci. In dapibus velit blandit pharetra tincidunt.
Quisque non sapien nec lacus condimentum facilisis ut iaculis enim.
Sed viverra interdum bibendum. Donec ac sollicitudin dolor. Sed
fringilla vitae lacus at rutrum. Phasellus congue vestibulum ligula sed consequat.</p>
<p>Vestibulum consectetur scelerisque lacus, ac fermentum lorem
convallis sed. Nam odio tortor, dictum quis malesuada at,
pellentesque vitae orci. Vivamus elementum, felis eu auctor lobortis,
diam velit egestas lacus, quis fermentum metus ante quis urna. Sed at
facilisis libero. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis
parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Vestibulum bibendum
blandit dolor. Nunc orci dolor, molestie nec nibh in, hendrerit
tincidunt ante. Vivamus sem augue, hendrerit non sapien in,
mollis ornare augue.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id = "three">Tutorial Three</h2>
<p>Integer pulvinar leo id risus pellentesque vestibulum.
Sed diam libero, sodales eget sapien vel, porttitor bibendum enim.
Donec sed nibh vitae lorem porttitor blandit in nec ante.
Pellentesque vitae metus ipsum. Phasellus sed nunc ac sem malesuada
condimentum. Etiam in aliquam lectus. Nam vel sapien diam. Donec
pharetra id arcu eget blandit. Proin imperdiet mattis augue in
porttitor. Quisque tempus enim id lobortis feugiat. Suspendisse
tincidunt risus quis dolor fringilla blandit. Ut sed sapien at purus
lacinia porttitor. Nullam iaculis, felis a pretium ornare, dolor nisl
semper tortor, vel sagittis lacus est consequat eros. Sed id pretium
nisl. Curabitur dolor nisl, laoreet vitae aliquam id, tincidunt sit
amet mauris. </p>
<p>Phasellus vitae suscipit justo. Mauris pharetra feugiat ante
id lacinia. Etiam faucibus mauris id tempor egestas. Duis luctus
turpis at accumsan tincidunt. Phasellus risus risus,
volutpat vel tellus ac, tincidunt fringilla massa. Etiam hendrerit
dolor eget ante rutrum adipiscing. Cras interdum ipsum mattis,
tempus mauris vel, semper ipsum. Duis sed dolor ut enim lobortis
pellentesque ultricies ac ligula. Pellentesque convallis elit nisi, id
vulputate ipsum ullamcorper ut. Cras ac pulvinar purus, ac viverra est. Suspendisse
potenti. Integer pellentesque neque et elementum tempus.
Curabitur bibendum in ligula ut rhoncus.</p>
<p>Quisque pharetra velit id velit iaculis pretium. Nullam a justo
sed ligula porta semper eu quis enim. Pellentesque pellentesque,
metus at facilisis hendrerit, lectus velit facilisis leo, quis
volutpat turpis arcu quis enim. Nulla viverra lorem elementum
interdum ultricies. Suspendisse accumsan quam nec ante mollis tempus.
Morbi vel accumsan diam, eget convallis tellus. Suspendisse potenti.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
-
Via JavaScript − You can affix an element manually with JavaScript as shown below
$('#myAffix').affix({
offset: {
top: 100, bottom: function () {
return (this.bottom = $('.bs-footer').outerHeight(true))
}
}
})
Example
以下示例演示了通过数据属性进行使用 −
The following example demonstrates the usage through data attributes −
<div class = "container">
<div class = "jumbotron">
<h1>Bootstrap Affix Plugin example</h1>
</div>
<div>
<div class = "col-md-3">
<ul class = "nav nav-tabs nav-stacked affix" id = "myNav">
<li class = "active"><a href = "#one">Tutorial One</a></li>
<li><a href = "#two">Tutorial Two</a></li>
<li><a href = "#three">Tutorial Three</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class = "col-md-9">
<h2 id = "one">Tutorial One</h2>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Nam eu sem tempor, varius quam at, luctus dui. Mauris magna metus,
dapibus nec turpis vel, semper malesuada ante. Vestibulum id metus
ac nisl bibendum scelerisque non non purus. Suspendisse varius nibh
non aliquet sagittis. In tincidunt orci sit amet elementum vestibulum.
Vivamus fermentum in arcu in aliquam. Quisque aliquam porta odio
in fringilla. Vivamus nisl leo, blandit at bibendum eu, tristique
eget risus. Integer aliquet quam ut elit suscipit, id interdum
neque porttitor. Integer faucibus ligula.</p>
<p>Vestibulum quis quam ut magna consequat faucibus.
Pellentesque eget nisi a mi suscipit tincidunt. Ut tempus dictum
risus. Pellentesque viverra sagittis quam at mattis. Suspendisse
potenti. Aliquam sit amet gravida nibh, facilisis gravida odio.
Phasellus auctor velit at lacus blandit, commodo iaculis justo
viverra. Etiam vitae est arcu. Mauris vel congue dolor.
Aliquam eget mi mi. Fusce quam tortor, commodo ac dui quis,
bibendum viverra erat. Maecenas mattis lectus enim, quis tincidunt
dui molestie euismod. Curabitur et diam tristique, accumsan nunc eu,
hendrerit tellus.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id = "two">Tutorial Two</h2>
<p>Nullam hendrerit justo non leo aliquet imperdiet. Etiam in
sagittis lectus. Suspendisse ultrices placerat accumsan. Mauris
quis dapibus orci. In dapibus velit blandit pharetra tincidunt.
Quisque non sapien nec lacus condimentum facilisis ut iaculis enim.
Sed viverra interdum bibendum. Donec ac sollicitudin dolor.
Sed fringilla vitae lacus at rutrum. Phasellus congue vestibulum
ligula sed consequat.</p>
<p>Vestibulum consectetur scelerisque lacus, ac fermentum lorem
convallis sed. Nam odio tortor, dictum quis malesuada at,
pellentesque vitae orci. Vivamus elementum, felis eu auctor lobortis,
diam velit egestas lacus, quis fermentum metus ante quis urna.
Sed at facilisis libero. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis
parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Vestibulum bibendum
blandit dolor. Nunc orci dolor, molestie nec nibh in, hendrerit
tincidunt ante. Vivamus sem augue, hendrerit non sapien in,
mollis ornare augue.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id = "three">Tutorial Three</h2>
<p>Integer pulvinar leo id risus pellentesque vestibulum.
Sed diam libero, sodales eget sapien vel, porttitor bibendum enim.
Donec sed nibh vitae lorem porttitor blandit in nec ante.
Pellentesque vitae metus ipsum. Phasellus sed nunc ac sem malesuada
condimentum. Etiam in aliquam lectus. Nam vel sapien diam.
Donec pharetra id arcu eget blandit. Proin imperdiet mattis augue in
porttitor. Quisque tempus enim id lobortis feugiat. Suspendisse
tincidunt risus quis dolor fringilla blandit. Ut sed sapien at
purus lacinia porttitor. Nullam iaculis, felis a pretium ornare,
dolor nisl semper tortor, vel sagittis lacus est consequat eros.
Sed id pretium nisl. Curabitur dolor nisl, laoreet vitae aliquam id,
tincidunt sit amet mauris.</p>
<p>Phasellus vitae suscipit justo. Mauris pharetra feugiat ante id
lacinia. Etiam faucibus mauris id tempor egestas. Duis luctus turpis
at accumsan tincidunt. Phasellus risus risus, volutpat vel tellus ac,
tincidunt fringilla massa. Etiam hendrerit dolor eget ante
rutrum adipiscing. Cras interdum ipsum mattis, tempus mauris vel,
semper ipsum. Duis sed dolor ut enim lobortis pellentesque ultricies
ac ligula. Pellentesque convallis elit nisi, id vulputate ipsum
ullamcorper ut. Cras ac pulvinar purus, ac viverra est. Suspendisse
potenti. Integer pellentesque neque et elementum tempus.
Curabitur bibendum in ligula ut rhoncus.</p>
<p>Quisque pharetra velit id velit iaculis pretium. Nullam a justo
sed ligula porta semper eu quis enim. Pellentesque pellentesque,
metus at facilisis hendrerit, lectus velit facilisis leo, quis
volutpat turpis arcu quis enim. Nulla viverra lorem elementum
interdum ultricies. Suspendisse accumsan quam nec ante mollis tempus.
Morbi vel accumsan diam, eget convallis tellus. Suspendisse potenti.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type = "text/javascript">
$(function () {
$('#myNav').affix({
offset: {
top: 60
}
});
});
</script>
Positioning via CSS
在这两种情况下,你都必须提供内容定位的 CSS。定位插件在三个类之间切换,每个类表示一个特定状态 − .affix、.affix-top 和 .affix-bottom。请按照以下步骤设置任一上述使用选项的 CSS。
In both the above situations, you must provide CSS for the positioning of your content. The affix plugin toggles between three classes, each representing a particular state − .affix, .affix-top, and .affix-bottom. Follow the below steps to set your CSS for either of the above usage options.
-
To start, the plugin adds .affix-top to indicate the element is in its top-most position. At this point no CSS positioning is required.
-
Scrolling past the element you want affixed should trigger the actual affixing. This is where .affix replaces .affix-top and sets position: fixed; (provided by Bootstrap’s code CSS).
-
If a bottom offset is defined, scrolling past that should replace .affix with .affix-bottom. Since offsets are optional, setting one requires you to set the appropriate CSS. In this case, add position: absolute; when necessary.
Bootstrap - Grid Demo
Working of Bootstrap Grid System
网格系统用于通过包含您内容的一系列行和列创建页面布局。以下是如何使用 Bootstrap 网格系统 −
Grid systems are used for creating page layouts through a series of rows and columns that house your content. Here’s how the Bootstrap grid system works −
-
Rows must be placed within a .container class for proper alignment and padding.
-
Use rows to create horizontal groups of columns.
-
Content should be placed within the columns, and only columns may be the immediate children of rows.
-
Predefined grid classes like .row and .col-xs-4 are available for quickly making grid layouts. LESS mixins can also be used for more semantic layouts.
-
Columns create gutters (gaps between column content) via padding. That padding is offset in rows for the first and the last column via negative margin on .rows.
-
Grid columns are created by specifying the number of twelve available columns you wish to span. For example, three equal columns would use three .col-xs-4.
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about grid structure in Bootstrap. |
Bootstrap - Table Demo
Bootstrap 提供了构建表的简洁布局。Bootstrap 支持的部分表格元素包括:
Bootstrap provides a clean layout for building tables. Some of the table elements supported by Bootstrap are −
Sr.No. |
Tag & Description |
1 |
<table> Wrapping element for displaying data in a tabular format |
2 |
<thead> Container element for table header rows (<tr>) to label table columns. |
3 |
<tbody> Container element for table rows (<tr>) in the body of the table. |
4 |
<tr> Container element for a set of table cells (<td> or <th>) that appears on a single row. |
5 |
<td> Default table cell. |
6 |
<th> Special table cell for column (or row, depending on scope and placement) labels. Must be used within a <thead> |
7 |
<caption> Description or summary of what the table holds. |
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about buy table structure in Bootstrap. |
||
This example indicates about Plan table structure in Bootstrap. |
||
This example indicates about gallery table structure in Bootstrap. |
Bootstrap - Form Demo
Form Layout
Bootstrap 为您提供了以下类型的表单布局 -
Bootstrap provides you with following types of form layouts −
-
Vertical (default) form
-
In-line form
-
Horizontal form
Vertical or Basic Form
基本表单结构附带 Bootstrap;各个表单控件自动接收一些全局样式。若要创建基本表单,请执行以下操作 -
The basic form structure comes with Bootstrap; individual form controls automatically receive some global styling. To create a basic form do the following −
-
Add a role form to the parent <form> element.
-
Wrap labels and controls in a <div> with class .form-group. This is needed for optimum spacing.
-
Add a class of .form-control to all textual <input>, <textarea>, and <select> elements.
Inline Form
若要创建所有元素均呈内联、左对齐且标签随附的表单,请向 <form> 标签添加类 .form-inline。
To create a form where all of the elements are inline, left aligned and labels are alongside, add the class .form-inline to the <form> tag.
Horizontal Form
水平表单不仅在标记数量上与其他表单有所区别,而且在表单的呈现方式上也有所不同。若要创建使用水平布局的表单,请执行以下操作 -
Horizontal forms stands apart from the others not only in the amount of markup, but also in the presentation of the form. To create a form that uses the horizontal layout, do the following −
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Add a class of .form-horizontal to the parent <form> element.
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Wrap labels and controls in a <div> with class .form-group.
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Add a class of .control-label to the labels.
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about login page structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Contact page structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Sign Up page structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Buttons Demo
Bootstrap 提供了一些样式按钮的选项,这些选项汇总在以下表格中-
Bootstrap provides some options to style buttons, which are summarized in the following table −
Sr.No. |
Class & Description |
1 |
btn Default/ Standard button. |
2 |
btn-primary Provides extra visual weight and identifies the primary action in a set of buttons. |
3 |
btn-success Indicates a successful or positive action. |
4 |
btn-info Contextual button for informational alert messages. |
5 |
btn-warning Indicates caution should be taken with this action. |
6 |
btn-danger Indicates a dangerous or potentially negative action. |
7 |
btn-link Deemphasize a button by making it look like a link while maintaining button behavior. |
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about button structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Image button structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Shadow button structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Sign Up button structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Images Demo
Bootstrap 提供了三个类,可用于对图像应用一些简单的样式-
Bootstrap provides three classes that can be used to apply some simple styles to images −
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.img-rounded − adds border-radius:6px to give the image rounded corners.
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.img-circle − makes the entire image round by adding border-radius:500px.
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.img-thumbnail − adds a bit of padding and a gray border:
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about image gallery structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Image Zoom structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about grid image structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Background Image structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about image structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Responsive Demo
Bootstrap 提供了一些有用的辅助类,用于快速移动端友好开发。这些辅助类可以通过媒体查询,结合大型、小型和中型设备,用于通过设备显示和隐藏内容。
Bootstrap provides some handful helper classes, for faster mobile-friendly development. These can be used for showing and hiding content by device via media query, combined with large, small, and medium devices.
谨慎使用这些辅助类,避免创建完全不同的网站版本。 Responsive utilities are currently only available for block and table toggling 。
Use these sparingly and avoid creating entirely different versions of the same site. Responsive utilities are currently only available for block and table toggling.
Classes |
Devices |
.visible-xs |
Extra small (less than 768px) visible |
.visible-sm |
Small (up to 768 px) visible |
.visible-md |
Medium (768 px to 991 px) visible |
.visible-lg |
Larger (992 px and above) visible |
.hidden-xs |
Extra small (less than 768px) hidden |
.hidden-sm |
Small (up to 768 px) hidden |
.hidden-md |
Medium (768 px to 991 px) hidden |
.hidden-lg |
Larger (992 px and above) hidden |
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Card structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Testimonials structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Grid Video structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Banner Image structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Carousel with face indicators structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Navigation Demo
Bootstrap 为导航元素的样式提供了多种不同的选择。它们都共享相同的标记和基本类,即 .nav。Bootstrap 还提供了一个辅助类,用于共享标记和状态。交换修饰符类以在每种样式之间切换。
Bootstrap provides a few different options for styling navigation elements. All of them share the same markup and base class, .nav. Bootstrap also provides a helper class, to share mark up and states. Swap modifier classes to switch between each style.
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about navigation structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Image Navigation Bar structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about findcon Button structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Tiny Navbar structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Blog Demo
Bootstrap 为博客样式提供了多种不同的选择。有的博客元素为评论框、博客文章、博客页脚等。
Bootstrap provides a few different options for styling Blog’s. Some of blog elements are as Comment box,blog post,blog footer etc..
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Comment Box structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Blog Posts With Images elements structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Blog Footer structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Thumbnails structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Material Design Demo
What is a Material Design
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Materiel card structure in Bootstrap. |
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This example indicates about Materiel card structure in Bootstrap. |
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This example indicates about Materiel Navigation structure in Bootstrap. |
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This example indicates about Inbox Navigation structure in Bootstrap. |
Bootstrap - Slider Demo
Bootstrap 为导航滑块的样式提供了一些不同的选择。下面显示了一些示例 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for styling Navigation slider. Some of examples are as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Slider Menu structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Slider Sub Menu structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Slider With Tabs structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Tabs structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Time line Demo
Bootstrap 为造型时间线提供了几种不同的选项。如下所示的部分示例 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for styling Time line.Some of example as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Time line structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Single column Timeline dotted structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about TimeLine single column structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Timeline - dotted structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Alert Demo
提醒提供了一种向用户发送消息的样式。它们为典型的用户操作提供上下文反馈消息。如下所示的部分提醒示例 −
Alerts provide a way to style messages to the user. They provide contextual feedback messages for typical user actions. Some of alert example as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Page Alert structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Alert Messages structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Little offers with colors and radius structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Status Box structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Admin Interface Demo
Bootstrap 为造型管理界面提供了几种不同的选项。如下所示的部分管理界面 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for styling admin interface. Some of admin interfaces as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Responsive Mail Inbox and Compose structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Simple Admin interface structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Bootstrap for Datatable structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Email Interface structure in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Ajax Demo
Ajax 用于在网页和 Web 服务器之间通信。基于 Ajax 和 Bootstrap 的一些示例如下所:
Ajax is used to communicate with web pages and web servers. Some of examples which are based on ajax and bootstrap as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Ajax Payment Form in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Ajax AJAX / DIV Wizard in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Tabbed Slider Demo
Bootstrap提供图表组件给不同的选项。以下显示的是带标签的样式的图表 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for slider. Tabbed slider as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Tabbed Slider in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Caption Demo
Bootstrap为标题提供了一些不同的选项。缩略图标题悬停效果如下图所示 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for captions. Thumbnail Caption Hover Effect as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Caption on images in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Map Demo
Bootstrap为地图提供了一些不同的选项。地图示例如下图所示 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for map. sample example of map is as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download Link |
This example indicates about Map in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Calendar Demo
Bootstrap为日历提供了一些不同的选项。日历示例如下图所示 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for calendars. sample example of calendar is as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about calendar in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Calendar Agenda in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Date Picker in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Calendar in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Social Icons Demo
Bootstrap为社交图标提供了一些不同的选项。社交图标示例如下图所示 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for Social icons. sample examples of Social icons are as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Spinning Social Icons structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Social icon with font Awesome in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Zoom Social Icon Hover Animation in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Share Button in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Icons Demo
Bootstrap为图标提供一些作为字体的不同选项。图标示例如下图所示 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for icons as fonts. sample examples of icons are as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Round Icon Badges in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about icons with animation in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about icons with UI animation in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Fat and Flat blue button in Bootstrap |
Bootstrap - Featured Demo
Bootstrap 为设计 Bootstrap 元素提供了一些不同的选项。一些 Bootstrap 元素如下所示 −
Bootstrap provides a few different options for styling Bootstrap Elements.Some of bootstrap elements as shown below −
Example |
Description |
Download link |
This example indicates about Material Design Switch structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Windows 8 Bootstrap Modal structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Ribbon Buttons structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Callouts - Call to Action structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Report Bug structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Carousel with Hover Captions structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Facebook Wall structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Mobile Alert structure in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Rounded Pagination in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Video list thumbnails in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Media Controls Buttons in Bootstrap |
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This example indicates about Simple Vertical Tab in Bootstrap |