Chef 简明教程

Chef - Cookbooks

食谱是 Chef 的基本工作单元，其中包含所有与工作单元相关的信息，它能够修改配置以及配置为 Chef 基础设施节点的任何系统的状态。食谱可以执行多项任务。食谱包含有关节点所需状态的一些值。这是通过使用所需的外部库在 Chef 中实现的。

Cookbooks are fundamental working units of Chef, which consists of all the details related to working units, having the capability to modify configuration and the state of any system configured as a node on Chef infrastructure. Cookbooks can perform multiple tasks. Cookbooks contain values about the desired state of node. This is achieved in Chef by using the desired external libraries.

Key Components of a Cookbook

  1. Recipes

  2. Metadata

  3. Attributes

  4. Resources

  5. Templates

  6. Libraries

  7. Anything else that helps to create a system

Creating a Cookbook

可以通过两种方式动态创建食谱。

There are two ways to dynamically create a cookbook.

  1. Using chef command

  2. Using knife utility

Using Chef Command

要创建空的 Cookbook，请使用 Chef 命令运行以下命令。

To create an empty cookbook using Chef command, run the following command.

C:\Users\vipinkumarm>chef generate cookbook <Cookbook Name>
C:\Users\vipinkumarm>chef generate cookbook VTest
Installing Cookbook Gems:

Compiling Cookbooks...
Recipe: code_generator::cookbook
   * directory[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest] action create
      - create new directory C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest

   * template[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/metadata.rb] action create_if_missing
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/metadata.rb
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/metadata.rb
         from none to 4b9435 (diff output suppressed by config)

   * template[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/README.md] action create_if_missing
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/README.md
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/README.md
         from none to 482077 (diff output suppressed by config)

   * cookbook_file[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/chefignore] action create
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/chefignore
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/chefignore
         from none to 15fac5 (diff output suppressed by config)

   * cookbook_file[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/Berksfile] action create_if_missing
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/Berksfile
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/Berksfile
         from none to 9f08dc (diff output suppressed by config)

   * template[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/.kitchen.yml] action create_if_missing
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/.kitchen.yml
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/.kitchen.yml
         from none to 93c5bd (diff output suppressed by config)

   * directory[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/default/serverspec]
      action create
      - create new directory
         C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/default/serverspec

   * directory[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/helpers/serverspec]
      action create
      - create new directory
         C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/helpers/serverspec

   * cookbook_file
      [C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/helpers/serverspec/sp ec_helper.rb]
      action create_if_missing
      - create new file
         C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/helpers/serverspec/spec_helper.rb
      - update content in file
         C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/helpers/serverspec/spec_helper.rb
         from none to d85df4 (diff output suppressed by config)

   * template
      [C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/default/serverspec/default _spec.rb]
      action create_if_missing
      - create new file
         C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/default/serverspec/default_spec.rb
      - update content in file
         C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/test/integration/default/serverspec/default_spec.rb
         from none to 758b94 (diff output suppressed by config)

   * directory[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/unit/recipes] action create
      - create new directory C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/unit/recipes

   * cookbook_file[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/spec_helper.rb]
      action create_if_missing
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/spec_helper.rb
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/spec_helper.rb
         from none to 587075 (diff output suppressed by config)

   * template[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/unit/recipes/default_spec.rb]
      action create_if_missing
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/unit/recipes/default_spec.rb
      - update content in file
         C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/spec/unit/recipes/default_spec.rb
         from none to 779503 (diff output suppressed by config)
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/recipes/default.rb
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/recipes/default.rb
         from none to 8cc381 (diff output suppressed by config)

   * cookbook_file[C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/.gitignore] action create
      - create new file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/.gitignore
      - update content in file C:/Users/vipinkumarm/VTest/.gitignore from none to 33d469
         (diff output suppressed by config)

带 VTest 名称的 Cookbook 结构将创建在目录中，并且 Cookbook 结构也将遵循以下结构。

The cookbook structure with the name VTest will be created in the directory and following will be the structure for the same.

vtest

Using Knife Utility

使用以下命令使用刀具程序创建 Cookbook。

Use the following command to create a cookbook using knife utility.

C:\Users\vipinkumarm\VTest>knife cookbook create VTest2
WARNING: No knife configuration file found
** Creating cookbook VTest2 in C:/chef/cookbooks
** Creating README for cookbook: VTest2
** Creating CHANGELOG for cookbook: VTest2
** Creating metadata for cookbook: VTest2

以下是 Cookbook 结构。

Following will be the structure of the cookbook.

cookbook