Cognos 简明教程

Cognos - Framework Manager

在本章中，我们将讨论什么是 Framework Manager，以及其各种其他组件。

In this chapter, we will discuss regarding what a Framework Manager is and about its various other components.

What is a Framework Manager?

IBM Cognos Framework Manager 用于创建从一个或多个数据源派生的元数据的业务模型。它是一种基于 Windows 的工具，用于以包的形式向 Cognos BI 发布业务模型，这些包可用于分析报告和分析。

IBM Cognos Framework Manager is used to create business model of metadata derived from one or more data sources. It is a Windows based tool which is used to publish the business models to Cognos BI in the form of packages which can be used for analytical reporting and analysis.

在 Framework Manager 中启动新项目之前，您必须了解 BI 报告要求，这有助于确定数据策略、元数据、报表包交付等。这有助于确定 Framework Manager 中需要哪些数据源才能在 BI 报表中获得所需数据。在 Framework Manager 中启动新项目之前，您应考虑以下因素：

Before you start a new project in Framework Manager, it is necessary that you go through BI reporting requirements that helps you to identify data strategies, metadata, report package delivery, etc. This helps you to identify which data sources are required in the Framework Manager to get the required data in the BI report. You should consider the following factors before starting a new project in the Framework manager.

  1. Data Sources required to meet BI needs.

  2. Types of DW system

  3. Data refresh in Data Warehouse

  4. BI Reporting- Daily, Weekly, or monthly.

Metadata Modeling

元数据模型被定义为从数据库导入的数据库对象（表、列和对象之间的关系）的集合。当您运行报表时，BI Cognos 门户中发布的元数据会根据查询生成 SQL 语句。

A Metadata model is defined as the collection of database objects (tables, columns and relationship between objects) imported from the database. When you run the report, metadata published in BI Cognos portal generates a SQL statement according to the query.

metadata modeling

IBM Cognos Framework Manager 可以隐藏数据源中的数据复杂性，还可以更改向用户显示数据的方式。它提供了一个视图，让 BI 用户可以轻松理解并执行分析和报告。

The IBM Cognos Framework manager can hide the complexity of data in the data source and also alter the way how data is shown to users. It provides a view that is easy for BI users to understand and perform analysis and reporting.

IBM Cognos Framework Manager User Interface

此屏幕截图显示了 IBM Cognos BI Framework Manager 用户界面。

The following screenshot shows the IBM Cognos BI Framework Manager User Interface.

user interface

以下对此屏幕截图的各种组件进行了详细说明，以帮助您更好地理解：

Following are the various components of the above screenshot that are explained in detail for better understanding −

  1. Project Viewer − This pane on left side allows you to access all the existing projects in a tree format.

  2. Project Info − This is the center pane that is used to manage objects of an existing project. This has three tabs: Explorer, Diagram and Dimension.

  3. Properties − This pane at the bottom is used to set the value of different properties of an object in a project.

  4. Tools − This pane on the right side provides you various important useful tools. You can perform a search, or display an object and its dependent objects, changing project language, etc.

Importing Metadata from a Relational Database

要从关系数据库导入元数据，请将数据库对象映射到 Framework Manager 对象。在 Framework Manager 中，您可以导入所有对象或可以选择特定对象，如表、列、函数、存储过程、视图等。

For importing Metadata from a Relational Database, you map the database objects to the Framework manager objects. In the Framework Manager, you can import all the objects or you can select particular objects like tables, columns, functions, stored procedures, views, etc.

仅支持用户定义的存储过程。

Only user defined Stored procedures are supported.

Database Objects

Framework Manager Objects

Column

Query Item

View

Query Subject

Synonym

Query Subject

Procedure

Query Subject

Table

Query Subject

Function

Project Function

要创建元数据模型，请从操作菜单运行元数据向导。选择数据源连接并单击下一步按钮。选中您要导入的对象的复选框。

To create a metadata model, run metadata wizard from the Action menu. Select a data source connection and click the Next button. Select the check boxes for the objects you want to import.

指定导入应如何处理重复对象名称。选择导入并创建唯一名称或不导入。如果您选择创建唯一名称，则导入的对象将显示一个数字。

Specify how the import should handle duplicate object names. Choose either to import and create a unique name, or not to import. If you choose to create a unique name, the imported object appears with a number.

For example − 当您在项目中看到 QuerySubject 和 QuerySubject1 时。然后单击导入。

For example − When you see QuerySubject and QuerySubject1 in your project. Then click Import.

querysubject

将显示包括未导入对象的列表和导入对象的计数的导入统计信息。

Import statistics including a list of objects that could not be imported and a count of objects that were imported are shown.

下一步是单击完成按钮。

The next step is to click on the Finish button.

导入元数据后，您必须针对以下区域检查已导入的元数据：

After importing Metadata, you must check the imported Metadata for the following areas −

  1. Relationships and Cardinality

  2. Determinants

  3. Usage property for query items

  4. Regular Aggregate property for query items

Importing Metadata from Cognos 8 Model

在 Framework Manager 中，您还可以从现有 Cognos 8 模型导入元数据。要从 Cognos 8 模型导入元数据，请转到 Actions → Run Metadata wizard 。

In the Framework Manager, you can also import metadata from an existing Cognos 8 Model. To import Metadata from the Cognos 8 model, go to Actions → Run Metadata wizard.

单击 Cognos 8 模型，然后单击下一步按钮。从 Cognos 8 模型导航到 .cpf 文件，然后单击下一步。

Click on the Cognos 8 Model and then the Next button. Navigate to the .cpf file from Cognos 8 Model and the click on Next.

选中您要导入的对象的复选框，然后单击下一步，然后单击完成。

Select the check boxes for objects you want to import and then click on Next and then on Finish.

Modeling Relational Metadata

导入元数据后，下一步是验证对象以满足报告要求。您可以选择的报告中出现的对象并对其执行测试。可以通过创建元数据模型的两个视图来

Once you import the metadata, next is to validate the objects for reporting requirement. You can select the objects that appear in the report and test them. You can create two views of the Metadata Model −

  1. Import View

  2. Business View

导入视图显示从数据源导入的元数据。为了按照 BI 报告验证数据，您可以执行以下步骤：

The Import view shows you the metadata imported from the data source. To validate the data as per your BI reporting, you can perform the following steps −

  1. Ensure that the relationships reflect the reporting requirements.

  2. Optimize and customize the data retrieved by the query subjects.

  3. Optimize and customize the data retrieved by dimensions. You may want to store dimensions in a separate dimensional view.

  4. Handle support for multilingual metadata.

  5. Control how data is used and formatted by checking query item properties.

使用业务视图在元数据中提供信息。您可以在业务视图中执行计算、集合和应用过滤器，并轻松允许用户构建报告。您可以添加业务规则，例如自定义计算和过滤器，从而定义用户可以检索的信息。

Business view is used to provide the information in metadata. You can perform calculations, aggregations and apply filters in Business view and easily allow users to build the report. You can add business rules such as custom calculations and filters that define the information users can retrieve.

通过为每个用户组创建独立的视图，并反映您的用户所熟悉的业务概念，来组织模型。

Organize the model by creating separate views for each user group that reflect the business concepts familiar to your users.