Computer Fundamentals 简明教程

Computer - Internet and Intranet

在本章中，我们将了解什么是 Internet 和 Intranet，以及讨论两者之间的相似之处和不同之处。

In this chapter, we will see what is Internet and Intranet, as well as discuss the similarities and differences between the two.

Internet

它是一个相互连接的计算机网络的全球系统。它使用标准互联网协议 (TCP/IP)。互联网中的每台计算机都通过唯一的 IP 地址进行标识。IP 地址是一组唯一的数字（例如 110.22.33.114），用于标识计算机的位置。

It is a worldwide/global system of interconnected computer networks. It uses the standard Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Every computer in Internet is identified by a unique IP address. IP Address is a unique set of numbers (such as 110.22.33.114) which identifies a computer’s location.

使用一个特殊的计算机 DNS（域名服务器）为 IP 地址提供名称，以便用户可以通过名称找到计算机。例如，DNS 服务器会将名称 https://www.tutorialspoint.com 解析为特定的 IP 地址，以唯一标识托管此网站的计算机。

A special computer DNS (Domain Name Server) is used to provide a name to the IP Address so that the user can locate a computer by a name. For example, a DNS server will resolve a name https://www.tutorialspoint.com to a particular IP address to uniquely identify the computer on which this website is hosted.

internet

全球的每一个用户都可访问互联网。

Internet is accessible to every user all over the world.

Intranet

内联网是多个电脑连接在一起的系统。内联网中的电脑不会向内联网之外的世界公开。通常，每个组织都有自己的内联网架构，并且该组织的成员/员工可以访问自己的内联网的电脑。

Intranet is the system in which multiple PCs are connected to each other. PCs in intranet are not available to the world outside the intranet. Usually each organization has its own Intranet network and members/employees of that organization can access the computers in their intranet.

intranet

内联网中的每台电脑也由一个 IP 地址识别，在该内联网的电脑中，该地址唯一。

Each computer in Intranet is also identified by an IP Address which is unique among the computers in that Intranet.

Similarities between Internet and Intranet

  1. Intranet uses the internet protocols such as TCP/IP and FTP.

  2. Intranet sites are accessible via the web browser in a similar way as websites in the internet. However, only members of Intranet network can access intranet hosted sites.

  3. In Intranet, own instant messengers can be used as similar to yahoo messenger/gtalk over the internet.

Differences between Internet and Intranet

  1. Internet is general to PCs all over the world whereas Intranet is specific to few PCs.

  2. Internet provides a wider and better access to websites to a large population, whereas Intranet is restricted.

  3. Internet is not as safe as Intranet. Intranet can be safely privatized as per the need.