Computer Fundamentals 简明教程

Computer - Software

软件是一组程序，旨在执行明确的功能。程序是一系列指令，其编写目的是解决特定问题。

Software is a set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function. A program is a sequence of instructions written to solve a particular problem.

软件有两类：

There are two types of software −

  1. System Software

  2. Application Software

System Software

系统软件是一组旨在操作、控制和扩展电脑本身的处理能力的程序集合。系统软件通常由电脑制造商准备。这些软件产品包含用低级语言编写的程序，这些程序与硬件在非常基本的层面进行交互。系统软件充当硬件和最终用户之间的接口。

The system software is a collection of programs designed to operate, control, and extend the processing capabilities of the computer itself. System software is generally prepared by the computer manufacturers. These software products comprise of programs written in low-level languages, which interact with the hardware at a very basic level. System software serves as the interface between the hardware and the end users.

系统软件的一些示例包括操作系统、编译器、解释器、汇编器等。

Some examples of system software are Operating System, Compilers, Interpreter, Assemblers, etc.

system software

系统软件一些最突出的特性列出如下：

Here is a list of some of the most prominent features of a system software −

  1. Close to the system

  2. Fast in speed

  3. Difficult to design

  4. Difficult to understand

  5. Less interactive

  6. Smaller in size

  7. Difficult to manipulate

  8. Generally written in low-level language

Application Software

应用程序软件产品旨在满足特定环境的特定需求。在计算机实验室中准备的所有软件应用程序都可以归类为应用程序软件。

Application software products are designed to satisfy a particular need of a particular environment. All software applications prepared in the computer lab can come under the category of Application software.

应用程序软件可能包含一个程序，例如，微软的记事本用于编写和编辑一些简单的文本。它也可以包含一个程序集合，通常称为软件包，这些程序共同工作来完成一项任务，例如，电子表格软件包。

Application software may consist of a single program, such as Microsoft’s notepad for writing and editing a simple text. It may also consist of a collection of programs, often called a software package, which work together to accomplish a task, such as a spreadsheet package.

应用程序软件的示例如下：

Examples of Application software are the following −

  1. Payroll Software

  2. Student Record Software

  3. Inventory Management Software

  4. Income Tax Software

  5. Railways Reservation Software

  6. Microsoft Office Suite Software

  7. Microsoft Word

  8. Microsoft Excel

  9. Microsoft PowerPoint

application software

应用程序软件的特性如下：

Features of application software are as follows −

  1. Close to the user

  2. Easy to design

  3. More interactive

  4. Slow in speed

  5. Generally written in high-level language

  6. Easy to understand

  7. Easy to manipulate and use

  8. Bigger in size and requires large storage space