Java Nio 简明教程

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Scattering : Len1 = 1214606444
Scattering : Len2 = 0

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.GatheringByteChannel;

public class GatherExample {
   private static String FILENAME = "C:/Test/temp.txt";
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String stream1 = "Gather data stream first";
      String stream2 = "Gather data stream second";
      ByteBuffer bLen1 = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
      ByteBuffer bLen2 = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
      // Next two buffer hold the data we want to write
      ByteBuffer bstream1 = ByteBuffer.wrap(stream1.getBytes());
      ByteBuffer bstream2 = ByteBuffer.wrap(stream2.getBytes());
      int len1 = stream1.length();
      int len2 = stream2.length();
      // Writing length(data) to the Buffer
      bLen1.asIntBuffer().put(len1);
      bLen2.asIntBuffer().put(len2);
      System.out.println("Gathering : Len1 = " + len1);
      System.out.println("Gathering : Len2 = " + len2);
      // Write data to the file
      try {
         FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(FILENAME);
         GatheringByteChannel gather = out.getChannel();
         gather.write(new ByteBuffer[] {bLen1, bLen2, bstream1, bstream2});
         out.close();
         gather.close();
      }
      catch (FileNotFoundException exObj) {
         exObj.printStackTrace();
      }
      catch(IOException ioObj) {
         ioObj.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

Gathering : Len1 = 24
Gathering : Len2 = 25

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.CharBuffer;

public class BufferDemo {
   public static void main (String [] args) {
      //allocate a character type buffer.
      CharBuffer buffer = CharBuffer.allocate(10);
      String text = "bufferDemo";
      System.out.println("Input text: " + text);
      for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) {
         char c = text.charAt(i);
         //put character in buffer.
		 buffer.put(c);
      }
      int buffPos = buffer.position();
      System.out.println("Position after data is written into buffer: " + buffPos);
      buffer.flip();
      System.out.println("Reading buffer contents:");
      while (buffer.hasRemaining()) {
         System.out.println(buffer.get());
      }
      //set the position of buffer to 5.
      buffer.position(5);
      //sets this buffer's mark at its position
      buffer.mark();
      //try to change the position
      buffer.position(6);
      //calling reset method to restore to the position we marked.
      //reset() raise InvalidMarkException if either the new position is less
      //than the position marked or merk has not been setted.
      buffer.reset();
      System.out.println("Restored buffer position : " + buffer.position());
   }
}

Input text: bufferDemo
Position after data is written into buffer: 10
Reading buffer contents:
b
u
f
f
e
r
D
e
m
o
Restored buffer position : 5

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;

public class SelectorDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      String demo_text = "This is a demo String";
      Selector selector = Selector.open();
      ServerSocketChannel serverSocket = ServerSocketChannel.open();
      serverSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 5454));
      serverSocket.configureBlocking(false);
      serverSocket.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
      ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(256);
      while (true) {
         selector.select();
         Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
         Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = selectedKeys.iterator();
         while (iter.hasNext()) {
            SelectionKey key = iter.next();
            int interestOps = key.interestOps();
            System.out.println(interestOps);
            if (key.isAcceptable()) {
               SocketChannel client = serverSocket.accept();
               client.configureBlocking(false);
               client.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
            }
            if (key.isReadable()) {
               SocketChannel client = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
               client.read(buffer);
               if (new String(buffer.array()).trim().equals(demo_text)) {
                  client.close();
                  System.out.println("Not accepting client messages anymore");
               }
               buffer.flip();
               client.write(buffer);
               buffer.clear();
            }
            iter.remove();
         }
      }
   }
}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.Pipe;

public class PipeDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      //An instance of Pipe is created
      Pipe pipe = Pipe.open();
      // gets the pipe's sink channel
      Pipe.SinkChannel skChannel = pipe.sink();
      String testData = "Test Data to Check java NIO Channels Pipe.";
      ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(512);
      buffer.clear();
      buffer.put(testData.getBytes());
      buffer.flip();
      //write data into sink channel.
      while(buffer.hasRemaining()) {
         skChannel.write(buffer);
      }
      //gets  pipe's source channel
      Pipe.SourceChannel sourceChannel = pipe.source();
      buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(512);
      //write data into console
      while(sourceChannel.read(buffer) > 0){
         //limit is set to current position and position is set to zero
         buffer.flip();
         while(buffer.hasRemaining()){
            char ch = (char) buffer.get();
            System.out.print(ch);
         }
         //position is set to zero and limit is set to capacity to clear the buffer.
         buffer.clear();
      }
   }
}

Test Data to Check java NIO Channels Pipe.

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class PathDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      Path relative = Paths.get("file2.txt");
      System.out.println("Relative path: " + relative);
      Path absolute = relative.toAbsolutePath();
      System.out.println("Absolute path: " + absolute);
   }
}

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class PathDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      Path path = Paths.get("D:/workspace/ContentW/Saurav_CV.docx");
      FileSystem fs =  path.getFileSystem();
      System.out.println(fs.toString());
      System.out.println(path.isAbsolute());
      System.out.println(path.getFileName());
      System.out.println(path.toAbsolutePath().toString());
      System.out.println(path.getRoot());
      System.out.println(path.getParent());
      System.out.println(path.getNameCount());
      System.out.println(path.getName(0));
      System.out.println(path.subpath(0, 2));
      System.out.println(path.toString());
      System.out.println(path.getNameCount());
      Path realPath = path.toRealPath(LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
      System.out.println(realPath.toString());
      String originalPath = "d:\\data\\projects\\a-project\\..\\another-project";
      Path path1 = Paths.get(originalPath);
      Path path2 = path1.normalize();
      System.out.println("path2 = " + path2);
   }
}

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class CreateFile {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      //initialize Path object
      Path path = Paths.get("D:file.txt");
      //create file
      try {
         Path createdFilePath = Files.createFile(path);
         System.out.println("Created a file at : "+createdFilePath);
      }
      catch (IOException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

Created a file at : D:\data\file.txt

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
import java.util.List;
public class WriteFile {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Path sourceFile = Paths.get("D:file.txt");
      Path targetFile = Paths.get("D:fileCopy.txt");
      try {
         Files.copy(sourceFile, targetFile,
         StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
      }
      catch (IOException ex) {
         System.err.format("I/O Error when copying file");
      }
      Path wiki_path = Paths.get("D:fileCopy.txt");
      Charset charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");
      try {
         List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(wiki_path, charset);
         for (String line : lines) {
            System.out.println(line);
         }
      }
      catch (IOException e) {
         System.out.println(e);
      }
   }
}

To be or not to be?

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
public class ReadFile {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Path wiki_path = Paths.get("D:file.txt");
      Charset charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");
      try {
         List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(wiki_path, charset);
         for (String line : lines) {
            System.out.println(line);
         }
      }
      catch (IOException e) {
         System.out.println(e);
      }
   }
}

Welcome to file.

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
public class WriteFile {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Path path = Paths.get("D:file.txt");
      String question = "To be or not to be?";
      Charset charset = Charset.forName("ISO-8859-1");
      try {
         Files.write(path, question.getBytes());
         List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(path, charset);
         for (String line : lines) {
            System.out.println(line);
         }
      }
      catch (IOException e) {
         System.out.println(e);
      }
   }
}

To be or not to be?

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousFileChannel;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class FutureObject {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      readFile();
   }
   private static void readFile() throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
      String filePath = "D:fileCopy.txt";
      printFileContents(filePath);
      Path path = Paths.get(filePath);
      AsynchronousFileChannel channel =AsynchronousFileChannel.open(path, StandardOpenOption.READ);
      ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(400);
      Future<Integer> result = channel.read(buffer, 0); // position = 0
      while (! result.isDone()) {
         System.out.println("Task of reading file is in progress asynchronously.");
      }
      System.out.println("Reading done: " + result.isDone());
      System.out.println("Bytes read from file: " + result.get());
      buffer.flip();
      System.out.print("Buffer contents: ");
      while (buffer.hasRemaining()) {
         System.out.print((char) buffer.get());
      }
      System.out.println(" ");
      buffer.clear();
      channel.close();
   }
   private static void printFileContents(String path) throws IOException {
      FileReader fr = new FileReader(path);
      BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr);
      String textRead = br.readLine();
      System.out.println("File contents: ");
      while (textRead != null) {
         System.out.println("     " + textRead);
         textRead = br.readLine();
      }
   fr.close();
   br.close();
   }
}

File contents:
   To be or not to be?
   Task of reading file is in progress asynchronously.
   Task of reading file is in progress asynchronously.
   Reading done: true
   Bytes read from file: 19
   Buffer contents: To be or not to be?

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousFileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.CompletionHandler;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;

public class CompletionHandlerDemo {
   public static void main (String [] args) throws Exception {
      writeFile();
   }
   private static void writeFile() throws IOException {
      String input = "Content to be written to the file.";
      System.out.println("Input string: " + input);
      byte [] byteArray = input.getBytes();
      ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(byteArray);
      Path path = Paths.get("D:fileCopy.txt");
      AsynchronousFileChannel channel = AsynchronousFileChannel.open(path, StandardOpenOption.WRITE);
      CompletionHandler handler = new CompletionHandler() {
         @Override
         public void completed(Object result, Object attachment) {
            System.out.println(attachment + " completed and " + result + " bytes are written.");
         }
         @Override
         public void failed(Throwable exc, Object attachment) {
            System.out.println(attachment + " failed with exception:");
            exc.printStackTrace();
         }
      };
      channel.write(buffer, 0, "Async Task", handler);
      channel.close();
      printFileContents(path.toString());
   }
   private static void printFileContents(String path) throws IOException {
      FileReader fr = new FileReader(path);
      BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr);
      String textRead = br.readLine();
      System.out.println("File contents: ");
      while (textRead != null) {
         System.out.println("     " + textRead);
         textRead = br.readLine();
      }
      fr.close();
      br.close();
   }
}

Input string: Content to be written to the file.
Async Task completed and 34 bytes are written.
File contents:
Content to be written to the file.

package com.java.nio;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.CharBuffer;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
public class CharsetExample {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Charset charset = Charset.forName("US-ASCII");
      System.out.println(charset.displayName());
      System.out.println(charset.canEncode());
      String str = "Demo text for conversion.";
      //convert byte buffer in given charset to char buffer in unicode
      ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(str.getBytes());
      CharBuffer charBuffer = charset.decode(byteBuffer);
      //convert char buffer in unicode to byte buffer in given charset
      ByteBuffer newByteBuffer = charset.encode(charBuffer);
      while(newbb.hasRemaining()){
         char ch = (char) newByteBuffer.get();
         System.out.print(ch);
      }
      newByteBuffer.clear();
   }
}

US-ASCII
Demo text for conversion.

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.channels.FileLock;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
public class FileLockExample {
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      String input = "Demo text to be written in locked mode.";
      System.out.println("Input string to the test file is: " + input);
      ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(input.getBytes());
      String fp = "D:file.txt";
      Path pt = Paths.get(fp);
      FileChannel channel = FileChannel.open(pt, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,StandardOpenOption.APPEND);
      channel.position(channel.size() - 1); // position of a cursor at the end of file
      FileLock lock = channel.lock();
      System.out.println("The Lock is shared: " + lock.isShared());
      channel.write(buf);
      channel.close(); // Releases the Lock
      System.out.println("Content Writing is complete. Therefore close the channel and release the lock.");
      PrintFileCreated.print(fp);
   }
}

package com.java.nio;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
public class PrintFileCreated {
   public static void print(String path) throws IOException {
      FileReader filereader = new FileReader(path);
      BufferedReader bufferedreader = new BufferedReader(filereader);
      String tr = bufferedreader.readLine();
      System.out.println("The Content of testout.txt file is: ");
      while (tr != null) {
         System.out.println("    " + tr);
         tr = bufferedreader.readLine();
      }
   filereader.close();
   bufferedreader.close();
   }
}

Input string to the test file is: Demo text to be written in locked mode.
The Lock is shared: false
Content Writing is complete. Therefore close the channel and release the lock.
The Content of testout.txt file is:
To be or not to be?Demo text to be written in locked mode.