Javafx 简明教程

JavaFX - Stackpane Layout

StackPane Layout in JavaFX

StackPane 布局充当容器，将所有子节点排列在彼此顶部，就像栈一样。首先添加的节点置于栈的底部，后续节点置于其顶部。在下面的图片中，StackPane 布局通过将三个矩形框按顺序堆叠来进行说明。它展示了这种类型布局的创意潜力有多大。

The StackPane layout serve as a container arranges all the child nodes on top of each other, just like in stack. The node added first is placed at the bottom of the stack and the subsequent nodes are placed on top of it. In the figure below, a StackPane layout is illustrated by the arrangement of three rectangular boxes stacked on top of each other. It shows how much potential of creativity this type of layout holds.

sample stackpane

在程序包 javafx.scene.layout 中名为 StackPane 的类表示 StackPane。此类包含一个名为 alignment 的属性。该属性表示 stack pane 内节点的对齐方式。

The class named StackPane of the package javafx.scene.layout represents the StackPane. This class contains a single property named alignment. This property represents the alignment of the nodes within the stack pane.

StackPane 类的构造函数列表如下 −

List of constructors of the StackPane class is as follows −

  1. StackPane() − It is the default constructor that constructs an empty StackPane layout with center alignment.

  2. StackPane(Node childNodes) − It creates an StackPane layout with specified children nodes and center alignment.

除了这些之外，此类还提供名为 setMargin() 的方法。此方法用于设置 stack pane 内节点的边距。

In addition to these, this class also provides a method named setMargin(). This method is used to set margin for the node within the stack pane.

Example

以下程序是 StackPane 布局的示例。在此示例中，我们按相同顺序插入一个 Circle、一个 Sphere 和一个 Text。将此代码保存在名为 StackPaneExample.java 的文件中。

The following program is an example of the StackPane layout. In this, we are inserting a Circle, Sphere and a Text in the same order. Save this code in a file with the name StackPaneExample.java.

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.geometry.Insets;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import javafx.scene.shape.Sphere;
import javafx.scene.text.Font;
import javafx.scene.text.FontWeight;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class StackPaneExample extends Application {
   @Override
   public void start(Stage stage) {
      //Drawing a Circle
      Circle circle = new Circle(300, 135, 100);
      circle.setFill(Color.DARKSLATEBLUE);
      circle.setStroke(Color.BLACK);

      //Drawing Sphere
      Sphere sphere = new Sphere(50);

      //Creating a text
      Text text = new Text("Hello how are you");

      //Setting the font of the text
      text.setFont(Font.font(null, FontWeight.BOLD, 15));

      //Setting the color of the text
      text.setFill(Color.CRIMSON);

      //setting the position of the text
      text.setX(20);
      text.setY(50);

      //Creating a Stackpane
      StackPane stackPane = new StackPane();

      //Setting the margin for the circle
      stackPane.setMargin(circle, new Insets(50, 50, 50, 50));

      //Adding all the nodes to the pane
      stackPane.getChildren().addAll(circle, sphere, text);

      //Creating a scene object
      Scene scene = new Scene(stackPane, 400, 300);

      //Setting title to the Stage
      stage.setTitle("Stack Pane Example");

      //Adding scene to the stage
      stage.setScene(scene);

      //Displaying the contents of the stage
      stage.show();
   }
   public static void main(String args[]){
      launch(args);
   }
}

使用以下命令，从命令提示符编译并执行已保存的 java 文件。

Compile and execute the saved java file from the command prompt using the following commands.

javac --module-path %PATH_TO_FX% --add-modules javafx.controls StackPaneExample.java
java --module-path %PATH_TO_FX% --add-modules javafx.controls StackPaneExample

执行后，上述程序会生成如下所示的 JavaFX 窗口。

On executing, the above program generates a JavaFX window as shown below.

stackpane output