Jupyter 简明教程

IPython - System Commands

如果输入单元格中的语句以惊叹号 (!) 开头，则它会被当作底层操作系统的系统命令。例如， !ls （适用于 Linux）和 !dir （适用于 Windows）会显示当前目录的内容

If the statement in the input cell starts with the exclamation symbol (!), it is treated as a system command for underlying operating system. For example, !ls (for linux) and !dir (for windows) displays the contents of current directory

exclamation symbol command

系统命令的输出还可以像下面所示分配给 Python 变量 −

The output of system command can also be assigned to a Python variable as shown below −

output system command

该变量存储无颜色的输出，并在换行符处拆分。

The variable stores output without colors and splits at newline characters.

还可以将 Python 变量或表达式和系统命令调用结合起来。大括号 {} 中的变量可以内嵌在命令文本中。观察以下示例 −

It is also possible to combine Python variables or expressions with system command calls. Variable in curly brackets {} can be embedded in command text. Observe the following example −

system command calls

以下是另一个示例，它说明在 Python 变量前加上 $ 也能实现相同的结果。

Here is another example to understand that prefixing Python variable with $ also achieves the same result.

prefixing python variable