Python 简明教程
Python - Set Methods
Python 中的集合是唯一元素的无序集合，通常用于成员资格测试和消除重复项。集合对象支持各种数学运算，如并集、交集、差集和对称差集。集合类包含几个内置方法，使您可以有效地添加、更新和删除元素，以及对元素执行各种集合运算，如并集、交集、差集和对称差集。
Sets in Python are unordered collections of unique elements, often used for membership testing and eliminating duplicates. Set objects support various mathematical operations like union, intersection, difference, and symmetric difference. The set class includes several built-in methods that allow you to add, update, and delete elements efficiently, as well as to perform various set operations such as union, intersection, difference, and symmetric difference on elements.
Understanding Set Methods
一组方法提供了方便的方法来操作一组数据，允许用户添加或移除元素，执行集合运算，并检查成员资格和集合之间的关系。您可以使用 Python dir() 函数查看所有可用的集合方法，以列出与集合类相关的所有属性和函数。此外， help() 函数为每种方法提供了详细的文档。
The set methods provide convenient ways to manipulate sets, allowing users to add or remove elements, perform set operations, and check for membership and relationships between sets. You can view all available methods for sets, using the Python dir() function to list all properties and functions related to the set class. Additionally, the help() function provides detailed documentation for each method.
Python Set Methods
以下是 Python 中集合的内置方法，根据其功能分类。让我们探索和理解每种方法的基本功能。
Below are the built-in methods for sets in Python, categorized based on their functionality. Let’s explore and understand the basic functionality of each method.
Adding and Removing Elements
以下是专门设计用于向集合中添加和移除项目/项目的集合方法 −
The following are the methods specifically designed for adding and removing item/items into a set −
Sr.No. |
Methods with Description |
1 |
set.add() Add an element to a set. |
2 |
set.clear() Remove all elements from a set. |
3 |
set.copy() Return a shallow copy of a set. |
4 |
set.discard() Remove an element from a set if it is a member. |
5 |
set.pop() Remove and return an arbitrary set element. |
6 |
set.remove() Remove an element from a set; it must be a member. |
Set Operations
这些方法可执行并集、交集、差集和对称差集等集合运算 −
These methods perform set operations such as union, intersection, difference, and symmetric difference −
Sr.No. |
Methods with Description |
1 |
set.update() Update a set with the union of itself and others. |
2 |
set.difference_update() Remove all elements of another set from this set. |
3 |
set.intersection() Returns the intersection of two sets as a new set. |
4 |
set.intersection_update() Updates a set with the intersection of itself and another. |
5 |
set.isdisjoint() Returns True if two sets have a null intersection. |
6 |
set.issubset() Returns True if another set contains this set. |
7 |
set.issuperset() Returns True if this set contains another set. |
8 |
set.symmetric_difference() Returns the symmetric difference of two sets as a new set. |
9 |
set.symmetric_difference_update() Update a set with the symmetric difference of itself and another. |
10 |
set.union() Returns the union of sets as a new set. |
11 |
set.difference() Returns the difference of two or more sets as a new set. |