Python Data Access 简明教程
Python MySQL - Delete Data
要从 MySQL 表格中删除记录,需要使用 DELETE FROM 语句。要移除特定记录,需要同时使用 WHERE 子句。
Example
假设我们在 MySQL 中使用 EMPLOYEES 作为名称创建了一个表格,如下所示:
mysql> CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(
FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
LAST_NAME CHAR(20),
AGE INT,
SEX CHAR(1),
INCOME FLOAT
);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.36 sec)
如果使用 INSERT 语句向其中插入了 4 条记录,如下所示:
mysql> INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES
('Krishna', 'Sharma', 19, 'M', 2000),
('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 20, 'M', 7000),
('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 25, 'F', 5000),
('Mac', 'Mohan', 26, 'M', 2000);
以下 MySQL 语句删除了 FIRST_NAME 为“Mac”的员工记录。
mysql> DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE FIRST_NAME = 'Mac';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec)
如果检索表格内容,可以看到只有 3 条记录,因为我们删除了一条记录。
mysql> select * from EMPLOYEE;
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME | AGE | SEX | INCOME |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
| Krishna | Sharma | 20 | M | 2000 |
| Raj | Kandukuri | 21 | M | 7000 |
| Ramya | Ramapriya | 25 | F | 5000 |
+------------+-----------+------+------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果没有 WHERE 子句,执行 DELETE 语句会删除指定表格中的所有记录。
mysql> DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE;
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.09 sec)
如果检索表格内容,将获取如下所示的空集:
mysql> select * from EMPLOYEE;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
Removing records of a table using python
当需要从数据库删除某些记录时,需要 DELETE 操作。
要删除表格中的记录:
-
import mysql.connector package.
-
使用 mysql.connector.connect() 方法创建一个连接对象,通过将用户名、密码、主机(可选,默认值:localhost)和数据库(可选)作为参数传递给该对象。
-
通过对上面创建的连接对象调用 cursor() 方法创建一个游标对象。
-
然后,通过将 DELETE 语句作为参数传递给 execute() 方法执行该语句。
Example
以下程序删除了 EMPLOYEE 中 AGE 超过 20 岁的所有记录:
import mysql.connector
#establishing the connection
conn = mysql.connector.connect(
user='root', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', database='mydb')
#Creating a cursor object using the cursor() method
cursor = conn.cursor()
#Retrieving single row
print("Contents of the table: ")
cursor.execute("SELECT * from EMPLOYEE")
print(cursor.fetchall())
#Preparing the query to delete records
sql = "DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE AGE > '%d'" % (25)
try:
# Execute the SQL command
cursor.execute(sql)
# Commit your changes in the database
conn.commit()
except:
# Roll back in case there is any error
conn.rollback()
#Retrieving data
print("Contents of the table after delete operation ")
cursor.execute("SELECT * from EMPLOYEE")
print(cursor.fetchall())
#Closing the connection
conn.close()
Output
Contents of the table:
[('Krishna', 'Sharma', 22, 'M', 2000.0),
('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 23, 'M', 7000.0),
('Ramya', 'Ramapriya', 26, 'F', 5000.0),
('Mac', 'Mohan', 20, 'M', 2000.0),
('Ramya', 'Rama priya', 27, 'F', 9000.0)]
Contents of the table after delete operation:
[('Krishna', 'Sharma', 22, 'M', 2000.0),
('Raj', 'Kandukuri', 23, 'M', 7000.0),
('Mac', 'Mohan', 20, 'M', 2000.0)]