Python Network Programming 简明教程
Python - Request Status Codes
在收到并解释请求消息后，服务器会通过 HTTP 响应消息进行响应。响应消息包含一个状态码。这是一个 3 位数的整数，其中状态码的第一位数字定义了响应的类型，而最后两位数字没有任何分类作用。第一位数字有 5 个值：
After receiving and interpreting a request message, a server responds with an HTTP response message. The response message has a Status-Code. It is a 3-digit integer where first digit of the Status-Code defines the class of response and the last two digits do not have any categorization role. There are 5 values for the first digit:
Status Codes
S.N. |
Code and Description |
1 |
*1xx: Informational*It means the request was received and the process is continuing. |
2 |
*2xx: Success*It means the action was successfully received, understood, and accepted. |
3 |
*3xx: Redirection*It means further action must be taken in order to complete the request. |
4 |
*4xx: Client Error*It means the request contains incorrect syntax or cannot be fulfilled. |
5 |
*5xx: Server Error*It means the server failed to fulfill an apparently valid request. |
Successful Response
在下面的示例中，我们从一个 URL 访问一个文件，并且该响应是成功的。因此返回的状态码是 200。
In the below example we access a file from a url and the response is successful. So the status code returned is 200.
import urllib3
http = urllib3.PoolManager()
resp = http.request('GET', 'http://tutorialspoint.com/robots.txt')
print resp.data
# get the status of the response
print resp.status当我们运行以上程序时，我们得到以下输出：
When we run the above program, we get the following output −
User-agent: *
Disallow: /tmp
Disallow: /logs
Disallow: /rate/*
Disallow: /cgi-bin/*
Disallow: /videotutorials/video_course_view.php?*
Disallow: /videotutorials/course_view.php?*
Disallow: /videos/*
Disallow: /*/*_question_bank/*
Disallow: //*/*/*/*/src/*
200Unsuccessful Response
在下面的示例中，我们从一个不存在的 URL 访问一个文件。该响应是失败的。因此返回的状态码是 403。
In the below example we access a file from a url which does not exist. The response is unsuccessful. So the status code returned is 403.
import urllib3
http = urllib3.PoolManager()
resp = http.request('GET', 'http://tutorialspoint.com/robot.txt')
print resp.data
# get the status of the response
print resp.status当我们运行以上程序时，我们得到以下输出：
When we run the above program, we get the following output −
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html><head>
<title>403 Forbidden</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Forbidden</h1>
<p>You don't have permission to access /robot.txt
on this server.</p>
</body></html>
403