Python Xlsxwriter 简明教程

Python XlsxWriter - Chart Formatting

可以自定义图表的默认外观使其更具吸引力、解释性和用户友好性。使用 XlsxWriter ，我们可以对图表对象进行以下增强 −

The default appearance of chart can be customized to make it more appealing, explanatory and user friendly. With XlsxWriter, we can do following enhancements to a Chart object −

  1. Set and format chart title

  2. Set the X and Y axis titles and other parameters

  3. Configure the chart legends

  4. Chat layout options

  5. Setting borders and patterns

Title

您可以通过调用图表对象的 set_title() 方法来设置和配置图表对象的标题。可以是各种参数如下 −

You can set and configure the main title of a chart object by calling its set_title() method. Various parameters that can be are as follows −

  1. Name − Set the name (title) for the chart to be displayed above the chart. The name property is optional. The default is to have no chart title.

  2. name_font − Set the font properties for the chart title.

  3. Overlay − Allow the title to be overlaid on the chart.

  4. Layout − Set the (x, y) position of the title in chart relative units.

  5. None − Excel adds an automatic chart title. The none option turns this default title off. It also turns off all other set_title() options.

X and Y axis

两种方法 set_x_axis() 和 set_y_axis() 用于轴标题， name_font 用于标题文本， num_font 用于 X 和 Y 轴上显示的数字。

The two methods set_x_axis() and set_y_axis() are used to axis titles, the name_font to be used for the title text, the num_font to be used for numbers displayed on the X and Y axis.

  1. name − Set the title or caption for the axis.

  2. name_font − Set the font properties for the axis title.

  3. num_font − Set the font properties for the axis numbers.

  4. num_format − Set the number format for the axis.

  5. major_gridlines − Configure the major gridlines for the axis.

  6. display_units − Set the display units for the axis.

在前一个示例中，marklist 的数据已显示为柱形图形式，我们设置了图表格式化选项（例如图表标题和 X/Y 轴标题及其其他显示属性），如下所示： −

In the previous example, where the data of marklist has been shown in the form of a column chart, we set up the chart formatting options such as the chart title and X as well as Y axis captions and their other display properties as follows −

chart1.set_x_axis(
   {'name': 'Students', 'name_font':{'name':'Arial', 'size':16, 'bold':True},})
chart1.set_y_axis(
   {
      'name': 'Marks', 'name_font':
      {'name':'Arial', 'size':16, 'bold':True}, 'num_font':{'name':'Arial', 'italic':True}
   }
)

Example

在完整代码中添加以上代码段。现在如下所示： −

Add the above snippet in the complete code. It now looks as given below −

import xlsxwriter

wb = xlsxwriter.Workbook('hello.xlsx')
worksheet = wb.add_worksheet()
chart1 = wb.add_chart({'type': 'column'})

# Add the worksheet data that the charts will refer to.
headings = ['Name', 'Phy', 'Maths']

data = [
   ["Jay", 30, 60],
   ["Mohan", 40, 50],
   ["Veeru", 60, 70],
]

worksheet.write_row(0,0, headings)
worksheet.write_row(1,0, data[0])
worksheet.write_row(2,0, data[1])
worksheet.write_row(3,0, data[2])

chart1.add_series({
   'name': '=Sheet1!$B$1',
   'categories': '=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$4',
   'values': '=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$4',
})

chart1.add_series({
   'name': ['Sheet1', 0, 2],
   'categories': ['Sheet1', 1, 0, 3, 0],
   'values': ['Sheet1', 1, 2, 3, 2],
})
chart1.set_title ({'name': 'Marklist',
   'name_font': {'name':'Times New Roman', 'size':24}
})
chart1.set_x_axis({'name': 'Students',
   'name_font': {'name':'Arial', 'size':16, 'bold':True},
})
chart1.set_y_axis({'name': 'Marks',
   'name_font':{'name':'Arial', 'size':16, 'bold':True},
   'num_font':{'name':'Arial', 'italic':True}
})
worksheet.insert_chart('B7', chart1)

wb.close()

Output

图表显示 title 和 axes 标题，如下所示： −

The chart shows the title and axes captions as follows −

title axes