Requests 简明教程

Requests - Handling Timeouts

Timeouts can be easily added to the URL you are requesting. It so happens that, you are using a third-party URL and waiting for a response. It is always a good practice to give a timeout on the URL, as we might want the URL to respond within a timespan with a response or an error. Not doing so, can cause to wait on that request indefinitely.

我们可以使用 timeout param 对 URL 设置超时，并且值以秒为单位传递，如以下示例所示 −

We can give timeout to the URL by using the timeout param and value is passed in seconds as shown in the example below −

Example

import requests
getdata =
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=0.001)
print(getdata.text)

Output

raise ConnectTimeout(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='jsonplaceholder.typicode.com',
port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /users (Caused
by Connect
TimeoutError(<urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at
0x000000B02AD
E76A0>, 'Connection to jsonplaceholder.typicode.com timed out. (connect
timeout = 0.001)'))

给定的超时如下 −

The timeout given is as follows −

getdata =
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=0.001)

执行抛出连接超时错误，如图中所示。给出的超时是 0.001，这使得请求无法获取响应并抛出错误。现在，我们将增加超时并进行检查。

The execution throws connection timeout error as shown in the output. The timeout given is 0.001, which is not possible for the request to get back the response and throws an error. Now, we will increase the timeout and check.

Example

import requests
getdata =
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=1.000)
print(getdata.text)

Output

E:\prequests>python makeRequest.py
[
   {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "Leanne Graham",
      "username": "Bret",
      "email": "Sincere@april.biz",
      "address": {
         "street": "Kulas Light",
         "suite": "Apt. 556",
         "city": "Gwenborough",
         "zipcode": "92998-3874",
         "geo": {
            "lat": "-37.3159",
            "lng": "81.1496"
         }
      },
      "phone": "1-770-736-8031 x56442",
      "website": "hildegard.org",
      "company": {
         "name": "Romaguera-Crona",
         "catchPhrase": "Multi-layered client-server neural-net",
         "bs": "harness real-time e-markets"
      }
   }
]

使用 1 秒的超时，我们可以获得请求的 URL 的响应。

With a timeout of 1 second, we can get the response for the URL requested.