Requests 简明教程

Requests - Handling Timeouts

Timeouts can be easily added to the URL you are requesting. It so happens that, you are using a third-party URL and waiting for a response. It is always a good practice to give a timeout on the URL, as we might want the URL to respond within a timespan with a response or an error. Not doing so, can cause to wait on that request indefinitely.

我们可以使用 timeout param 对 URL 设置超时，并且值以秒为单位传递，如以下示例所示 −

Example

import requests
getdata =
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=0.001)
print(getdata.text)

Output

raise ConnectTimeout(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='jsonplaceholder.typicode.com',
port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /users (Caused
by Connect
TimeoutError(<urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at
0x000000B02AD
E76A0>, 'Connection to jsonplaceholder.typicode.com timed out. (connect
timeout = 0.001)'))

给定的超时如下 −

getdata =
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=0.001)

执行抛出连接超时错误，如图中所示。给出的超时是 0.001，这使得请求无法获取响应并抛出错误。现在，我们将增加超时并进行检查。

Example

import requests
getdata =
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=1.000)
print(getdata.text)

Output

E:\prequests>python makeRequest.py
[
   {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "Leanne Graham",
      "username": "Bret",
      "email": "Sincere@april.biz",
      "address": {
         "street": "Kulas Light",
         "suite": "Apt. 556",
         "city": "Gwenborough",
         "zipcode": "92998-3874",
         "geo": {
            "lat": "-37.3159",
            "lng": "81.1496"
         }
      },
      "phone": "1-770-736-8031 x56442",
      "website": "hildegard.org",
      "company": {
         "name": "Romaguera-Crona",
         "catchPhrase": "Multi-layered client-server neural-net",
         "bs": "harness real-time e-markets"
      }
   }
]

使用 1 秒的超时，我们可以获得请求的 URL 的响应。