Spring Dependency Injection 简明教程

Spring DI - Map Ref Constructor

您已经看到如何使用 Bean 配置文件中的 <property> 标记的 value 属性配置原始数据类型，以及使用 ref 属性配置对象引用。这两种情况都涉及将奇异值传递给 Bean。

现在，如果你想传递 Map，在这个示例中，我们将展示如何使用构造函数注入传递 Map 的直接值。

Example

下面的示例展示了 JavaCollection 类，它使用集合作为依赖项，这些集合使用构造函数参数进行注入。

让我们更新在 Spring DI - Create Project 章节中创建的项目。我们将添加以下文件 −

Address.java - 用于作为依赖项的类。
JavaCollection.java - 包含依赖项集合的类。
MainApp.java - 要运行和测试的主应用。

以下是 Address.java 文件的内容 −

package com.tutorialspoint;

public class Address {
   private String name;

   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
      return name;
   }
}

以下是 JavaCollection.java 文件的内容−

package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.*;

public class JavaCollection {
   Map<String, Address>  addressMap;
   public JavaCollection() {}

   public JavaCollection(Map<String, Address> addressMap) {
      this.addressMap = addressMap;
   }

   // a setter method to set Map
   public void setAddressMap(Map<String, Address> addressMap) {
      this.addressMap = addressMap;
   }

   // prints and returns all the elements of the Map.
   public Map<String, Address> getAddressMap() {
      System.out.println("Map Elements :"  + addressMap);
      return addressMap;
   }
}

以下是 MainApp.java 文件的内容−

package com.tutorialspoint;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationcontext.xml");
      JavaCollection jc=(JavaCollection)context.getBean("javaCollection");
      jc.getAddressMap();
   }
}

以下是配置文件 applicationcontext.xml ，其中包含了所有类型的集合配置 −

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
   <bean id = "address1" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="INDIA"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "address2" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="JAPAN"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "address3" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="USA"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "address4" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Address">
      <property name="name" value="UK"></property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "javaCollection" class = "com.tutorialspoint.JavaCollection">
      <constructor-arg name = "addressMap">
         <map>
            <entry key = "1" value-ref = "address1"/>
            <entry key = "2" value-ref = "address2"/>
            <entry key = "3" value-ref = "address3"/>
            <entry key = "4" value-ref = "address4"/>
         </map>
      </constructor-arg>
   </bean>
</beans>

完成源文件和 Bean 配置文件创建后，我们运行该应用程序。如果您的应用程序一切正常，它将打印以下消息−

Map Elements :{1=INDIA, 2=JAPAN, 3=USA, 4=UK}