Springaop 简明教程

Spring AOP - Annotation Based After Throwing Advice

@AfterThrowing 是一种通知类型，它确保在方法抛出一个异常时运行一个通知。以下是 @AfterThrowing 通知的语法。

Syntax

@AfterThrowing(Pointcut = "execution(* com.tutorialspoint.Student.*(..))", throwing = "error")
public void afterThrowingAdvice(JoinPoint jp, Throwable error){
   System.out.println("Method Signature: "  + jp.getSignature());
   System.out.println("Exception: "+error);
}

其中，

@AfterThrowing − 将方法标记为在切入点涵盖的方法抛出异常时执行的建议。
Pointcut − 提供选择某个函数的表达式。
execution( expression ) − 涵盖应用建议的方法的表达式。
throwing − 要返回的异常名称。

为了理解与 @AfterThrowing 相关建议已经提到的概念，我们来写一个将实施 @AfterThrowing 建议的示例。若要使用少量的建议来编写示例，我们先来设置一个可行的 Eclipse IDE，然后使用以下步骤来创建一个 Spring 应用程序：

Step

Description

更新在章节 Spring AOP - Application 创建的学生项目。

更新 bean 配置并按如下说明运行应用程序。

以下是 Logging.java 文件的内容。这实际上是方面模块的一个示例，它定义了在各个点调用的方法。

package com.tutorialspoint;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;

@Aspect
public class Logging {
   /**
      * This is the method which I would like to execute
      * after a selected method execution throws exception.
   */
   @AfterThrowing(Pointcut = "execution(* com.tutorialspoint.Student.*(..))", throwing = "error")
   public void afterThrowingAdvice(JoinPoint jp, Throwable error){
      System.out.println("Method Signature: "  + jp.getSignature());
      System.out.println("Exception: "+error);
   }
}

以下是 Student.java 文件的内容。

package com.tutorialspoint;

public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;

   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      System.out.println("Age : " + age );
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      System.out.println("Name : " + name );
      return name;
   }
   public void printThrowException(){
      System.out.println("Exception raised");
      throw new IllegalArgumentException();
   }
}

以下是 MainApp.java 文件的内容。

package com.tutorialspoint;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");

      Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
      student.printThrowException();
   }
}

以下是配置文件 Beans.xml 。

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

   <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>

   <!-- Definition for student bean -->
   <bean id = "student" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Student">
      <property name = "name"  value = "Zara" />
      <property name = "age"  value = "11"/>
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for logging aspect -->
   <bean id = "logging" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Logging"/>

</beans>

Run Project

创建源和配置文件后，运行您的应用程序。在应用程序中右键单击 MainApp.java 并使用 run as Java Application 命令。如果您的应用程序一切正常，它将打印以下消息。

Exception raised
Method Signature: void com.tutorialspoint.Student.printThrowException()
Exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

   at com.tutorialspoint.Student.printThrowException(Student.java:25)
   ...