Virtualization2.0 简明教程
Virtualization 2.0 - Common Uses
有许多虚拟化用例，但使用最为广泛的是 Server Virtualization 和 Client Desktops Virtualization 。我们已经在前一章讨论了它们的优势以及它们被广泛使用的原因。
There are several types of uses in virtualization, but the most commonly used are Server Virtualization and Client Desktops Virtualization. We have already discussed their advantages in the previous chapter and why are they used widely.
Virtualizing Desktop Computers
客户端虚拟化（也称为 VDI）在集中式服务器内运行整个桌面环境。所有处理均在服务器内部完成。客户端设备通常为瘦客户端，用作连接诸如键盘、鼠标、显示器、音频连接器，甚至通过局域网连接的 USB 端口等 I/O 外围设备的终端节点。
Client virtualization also called as VDI runs the entire desktop environment within a centralized server. All processing is done within the server. Client devices are typically thin clients that serve as an end node to connect I/O peripherals such as keyboard, mouse, a display, audio connectors and even USB ports over the LAN.
如前所述，瘦客户端硬件是一种计算机终端，为键盘、鼠标、显示器、声音外围设备的插口以及 USB 设备的开放端口提供 I/O。
As discussed earlier, a thin client hardware is a computer terminal, which provides I/O for a keyboard, mouse, monitor, jacks for sound peripherals, and open ports for USB devices.
例如 - 打印机、闪存驱动器、网络摄像头、读卡器、智能手机等。一些瘦客户端包含传统串行和/或并行端口，以支持收据打印机、秤、打卡机等老式设备。瘦客户端软件通常包括一个 GUI（图形用户界面）、云接入代理（例如 RDP、ICA、PCoIP）、一个本地网络浏览器、终端仿真（在某些情况下）以及一组基本的本地实用程序。
For example – Printer, Flash Drive, Web Cam, Card Reader, Smartphone, etc. Some thin clients include legacy serial and/or parallel ports to support older devices such as Receipt Printers, Scales, Time Clocks, etc. Thin client software typically consists of a GUI (graphical user interface), Cloud Access Agents (for e.g. RDP, ICA, PCoIP), a local web browser, terminal emulations (in some cases) and a basic set of local utilities.
瘦客户端的主要生产商是 HP、戴尔和 IBM。
The largest producers of thin clients are HP, Dell and IBM.
Running a Specific Program Solution
最著名的桌面虚拟化软件之一是 XenApp & XenDesktop 。在任何设备和任何位置为员工提供 Windows、Linux、网络和 SaaS 应用程序或完整的虚拟桌面。
One of the best software known for Desktop Virtualization is XenApp & XenDesktop. Deliver Windows, Linux, Web and SaaS applications or full virtual desktops to workers on any device and anywhere.
More information can be found on https://www.citrix.com/products/xenapp-xendesktop/
另一个主要提供商是 VMware，其平台称为 VMware Horizon 7 。如要购买并了解其所有功能和规格，请点击以下链接 https://www.vmware.com/products/horizon.html
Another major provider is VMware with its platform called VMware Horizon 7. To purchase and understand all their features and specifications, click on the following link https://www.vmware.com/products/horizon.html
Microsoft 是另一家提供商，它提供了远程桌面服务与 Hyper-V 的组合。如需了解更多相关信息，请点击以下链接 https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windowsserver/ee236407.aspx
Microsoft is another provider with a combination of Remote desktop services along with Hyper-V. For any further Information on this, click on the following link https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windowsserver/ee236407.aspx
Setting up Test and Development Environments
虚拟化环境最强大的功能之一是可以在短时间内创建不同方法的实验室，特别是在软件开发中，然后将相同的基础设施导入到生产中。
One of the most powerful features of a virtualized environment is the possibility to create labs for different approaches in a minute, especially in software development and then to import the same infrastructure in production.
关于测试环境的，可以将跨平台功能引入您的开发测试环境，并使用您首选的编码语言进行原生构建。它在您今日使用的设备和平台上对应用程序进行测试：从 Linux、Windows 到 iOS 和安卓。
Regarding the test environment, it brings cross-platform functionality to your dev-test environment and uses your preferred coding language to build natively. It tests your applications on the devices and platforms you use today: from Linux, Windows to iOS and Android.
上述提到的所有功能可以通过私有云或公有云实现。这取决于基于要求我们希望使用什么。您应该考虑到管理该云所需的人力资源和您希望支出的预算。
All the features mentioned in the above can be done through private cloud or public cloud. It depends on what we would like to use as per the requirement. You should take into consideration the human resources with which you have to manage this cloud and the budget that you want to spend.