Springjdbc 简明教程
Spring JDBC - First Application
为了理解有关带有 JDBC 模板类的 Spring JDBC 框架的概念,让我们编写一个简单的示例,该示例将在以下 Student 表上实现插入和读取操作。
CREATE TABLE Student(
ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
让我们继续编写一个基于 simple 控制台的 Spring JDBC 应用程序,它将演示 JDBC 概念。
Create Project
让我们打开命令控制台,转到 C:\MVN 目录并执行以下 mvn 命令。
C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.tutorialspoint
-DartifactId=Student -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart
-DinteractiveMode=false
Maven 将开始处理并将创建完整的 Java 应用程序项目结构。
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< org.apache.maven:standalone-pom >-------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1
[INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.0:generate (default-cli) > generate-sources @ standalone-pom >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.0:generate (default-cli) < generate-sources @ standalone-pom <<<
[INFO]
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.0:generate (default-cli) @ standalone-pom ---
[INFO] Generating project in Batch mode
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.0
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:\MVN
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.tutorialspoint
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.tutorialspoint
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: Student
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.tutorialspoint
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:\MVN\Student
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 6.842 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-01-01T13:49:20+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
现在,转到 C:/MVN 目录。您将看到一个已创建的 Java 应用程序项目,名为 student(如在 artifactId 中指定的)。更新 POM.xml 以包括 Spring JDBC 依赖项。添加 Student.java、StudentMapper.java、MainApp.java、StudentDAO.java 和 StudentJDBCTemplate.java 文件。
POM.xml
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tutorialspoint</groupId>
<artifactId>Student</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Student</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.14</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.14</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.27</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
以下是数据访问对象接口文件 StudentDAO.java. 的内容
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
public interface StudentDAO {
/**
* This is the method to be used to initialize
* database resources ie. connection.
*/
public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
/**
* This is the method to be used to create
* a record in the Student table.
*/
public void create(String name, Integer age);
/**
* This is the method to be used to list down
* all the records from the Student table.
*/
public List<Student> listStudents();
}
以下是 Student.java 文件的内容。
package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
private Integer age;
private String name;
private Integer id;
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
}
以下是对 StudentMapper.java 文件的内容。
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
return student;
}
}
以下是对所定义的 DAO 接口 StudentDAO 实现的类文件 StudentJDBCTemplate.java 。
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
private DataSource dataSource;
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
public void create(String name, Integer age) {
String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)";
jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age);
System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
return;
}
public List<Student> listStudents() {
String SQL = "select * from Student";
List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMapper());
return students;
}
}
以下是 MainApp.java 文件的内容。
package com.tutorialspoint;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate)
context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
System.out.println("------Records Creation--------" );
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 2);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Ayan", 15);
System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------" );
List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
for (Student record : students) {
System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId() );
System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName() );
System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
}
}
}
以下是配置文件 Beans.xml 。
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">
<!-- Initialization for data source -->
<bean id = "dataSource"
class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name = "driverClassName" value = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name = "url" value = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TEST"/>
<property name = "username" value = "root"/>
<property name = "password" value = "admin"/>
</bean>
<!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
<bean id = "studentJDBCTemplate"
class = "com.tutorialspoint.StudentJDBCTemplate">
<property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
一旦您完成创建源代码和 bean 配置文件,让我们运行此应用程序。如果应用程序一切正常,它将打印以下信息。
------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Zara Age = 11
Created Record Name = Nuha Age = 2
Created Record Name = Ayan Age = 15
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Zara, Age : 11
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 2
ID : 3, Name : Ayan, Age : 15