Cpp Standard Library 简明教程

C++ Library - <string>

Introduction

String 是一个类，而字符串中的所有对象都表示字符序列。

String is a class and all objects that in string represent sequences of characters.

Declaration

以下是 std::string 的声明。

Following is the declaration for std::string.

typedef basic_string<char> string;

C++11

typedef basic_string<char> string;

Member types

member type

definition

value_type

char

traits_type

char_traits<char>

allocator_type

allocator<char>

reference

char&

const_reference

const char&

pointer

char*

const_pointer

const char*

iterator

a random access iterator to char (convertible to const_iterator)

const_iterator

a random access iterator to const char

reverse_iterator

reverse_iterator<iterator>

const_reverse_iterator

reverse_iterator<const_iterator>

difference_type

ptrdiff_t

size_type

size_t

Member functions

Sr.No.

Member function & description

(constructor)It constructs string object.

(destructor)It is a string destructor.

[role="bare"]../cpp_standard_library/cpp_string_operator_equal.htmlIt is a string assignment.

Iterators

Sr.No.	Iterator & description
1	beginIt returns iterator to beginning.
2	endIt returns iterator to end.
3	rbeginIt returns reverse iterator to reverse beginning.
4	rendIt returns reverse iterator to reverse end.
5	cbeginIt returns const_iterator to beginning.
6	cendIt returns a const_iterator pointing to the past-the-end character of the string.
7	crbeginIt returns const_reverse_iterator to reverse beginning.
8	crend It returns const_reverse_iterator to reverse end.

Capacity

Sr.No.	Capacity & description
1	sizeIt returns length of string.
2	lengthIt returns length of string.
3	max_sizeIt returns maximum size of string.
4	resizeIt resizes string.
5	capacityIt returns size of allocated storage.
6	reserveIt requests a change in capacity.
7	clearIt clears the string.
8	empty It is used to test if string is empty.
9	shrink_to_fit It is used to shrink to fit.

Capacity

Sr.No.	Element acce & description
1	operator[]It is used to get character of string.
2	atIt is used to get character in string.
3	backIt is used to access last character.
4	frontIt is used to access first character.

Modifiers

Sr.No.	Modifier & description
1	operator+=It appends to string.
2	appendIt appends to string.
3	push_backIt appends a character to string.
4	assignIt is used to assign the content to string.
5	insertIt is used to inset the value to string.
6	eraseIt is used to erase characters from string.
7	replaceIt is used to replace portion of string.
8	swapIt is used to swap string values.
9	pop_backIt is used to delete last character.

String operations

Sr.No.	String operation & description
1	c_strIt is used to get C string equivalent.
2	dataIt is used to get string data.
3	get_allocatorIt is used to get an allocator.
4	copyIt is used to copy sequence of characters from string.
5	findIt is used to find content in string.
6	rfindIt is used to find last occurrence of content in string.
7	find_first_ofIt is used to find character in string.
8	find_last_of It is used to find character in string from the end.
9	find_first_not_ofIt is used to find absence of character in string.
10	find_last_not_of It is used to find non-matching character in string from the end.
11	substrIt is used to generate substring.
12	compareIt is used to compare strings.