Amazonrds 简明教程
Amazon RDS - Oracle Features
Oracle 是一款非常流行的关系型数据库，可在 Amazon RDS 服务中以其企业版功能获得。几乎所有 Oracle 功能都可在 RDS 平台中使用。以下是 RDS 平台中的 MySQL 主要功能的简要说明。
Oracle is very popular Relational DB which is available in the amazon RDS services with its enterprise edition features. Almost every feature of Oracle can be leveraged in the RDS platform. Below is a brief description on MYSQLs major features in RDS platform.
Supported Versions
版本 11.2 和 12.1 是 RDS 平台支持的主要版本。如果在创建数据库期间未提及版本，则它将默认为当时最新的版本。以下是如何在 Python SDK 程序中使用 AWS API 获取受支持的数据库引擎版本的示例。
The versions 11.2 and 12.1 are the major versions supported in the RDS platform. If no version is mentioned during the DB creation, it defaults to the most recent version at that point in time. Below is an example of how to get the supported DB Engine versions using AWS API in a python SDK program.
import boto3
client = boto3.client('rds')
response = client.describe_db_engine_versions(
DBParameterGroupFamily='oracle-ee-12.1',
DefaultOnly=True,
Engine='',
EngineVersion='',
ListSupportedCharacterSets=False, #True,
)
print(response)当我们运行以上程序时，我们得到以下输出：
When we run the above program, we get the following output −
{
"ResponseMetadata": {
"RetryAttempts": 0,
"HTTPStatusCode": 200,
"RequestId": "f6805635-3e16-4014-83cd-dfdaf3f17950",
"HTTPHeaders": {
"x-amzn-requestid": "f6805635-3e16-4014-83cd-dfdaf3f17950",
"date": "Fri, 14 Sep 2018 03:46:38 GMT",
"content-length": "1455",
"content-type": "text/xml"
}
},
"u'DBEngineVersions'": [
{
"u'Engine'": "oracle-ee",
"u'DBParameterGroupFamily'": "oracle-ee-12.1",
"u'SupportsLogExportsToCloudwatchLogs'": true,
"u'SupportsReadReplica'": false,
"u'DefaultCharacterSet'": {
"u'CharacterSetName'": "AL32UTF8",
"u'CharacterSetDescription'": "Unicode 5.0 UTF-8 Universal character set"
},
"u'DBEngineDescription'": "Oracle Database Enterprise Edition",
"u'EngineVersion'": "12.1.0.2.v12",
"u'DBEngineVersionDescription'": "Oracle 12.1.0.2.v12",
"u'ExportableLogTypes'": [
"alert",
"audit",
"listener",
"trace"
],
"u'ValidUpgradeTarget'": []
}
]
}Oracle Licensing
在 RDS 中使用 Oracle 许可证有两种选项。它们分别是使用许可证和自备许可证。
There are two options for using oracle licenses in RDS. They are License Included and Bring Your Own License.
License Included Model
在此模型中，Amazon 拥有您要使用的软件的许可证。AWS 本身还通过其支持计划为 AWS 和 Oracle 软件提供支持。因此，用户不必购买任何单独的许可证。平台定价包括用户支付的许可费用。此模型中支持的两个版本是 Standard Edition One 和 Standard Edition Two。
In this model Amazon holds the license for the software you are going to use. Also AWS itself provides the support for both AWS and Oracle software thorugh its support program. So the user does not purchase any separate license. The platform pricing includes the charges for licensing cost the user pays. The two editions supported in this model are Standard Edition One and Standard Edition Two.
Bring Your Own License (BYOL)
在此模型中，用户可将自己持有的许可证引入 RDS 平台。用户负责维护许可证、数据库实例类型和数据库版本之间的兼容性。用户直接联系 Oracle 支持渠道以获取任何需要。在此模型中，受支持的版本有 Enterprise Edition (EE)、Standard Edition (SE)、Standard Edition One (SE1) 和 Standard Edition Two (SE2)。
In this model the user brings in the license she holds into RDS platform. It is the user’s responsibility to maintain the compatibility between the license, database instance class and database edition. The user directly contacts the Oracle support channel for any need. In this model the supported editions are Enterprise Edition (EE), Standard Edition (SE), Standard Edition One (SE1) and Standard Edition Two (SE2).
对于多 A-Z 部署，用户应同时拥有主数据库实例和辅助数据库实例的许可证。
For a multi A-Z deployment, the user should have license for both primary DB instance and the secondary DB instance.
Oracle DB Parameter Group
Oracle 数据库涉及许多数据库参数的配置以满足数据库的各种功能和性能需求。AWS 通过 CLI 命令显示了这些参数，用户可以使用这些命令查询参数值。以下是 CLI 命令和示例输出。
The oracle DB involves many DB parameters to be configured for various features and performance needs of the database. Aws makes these parameters visible through CLI commands, which the user can use to query for the parameter values. Below is the CLI command and the sample output.
aws rds describe-engine-default-parameters --db-parameter-group-family oracle-ee-12.1{
"EngineDefaults": {
"Parameters": [
{
"AllowedValues": "TRUE,FALSE",
"ParameterName": "_allow_level_without_connect_by",
"ApplyType": "dynamic",
"Description": "_allow_level_without_connect_by",
"IsModifiable": true,
"Source": "engine-default",
"DataType": "boolean"
},
{
"AllowedValues": "CHOOSE,OFF,CUBE,NESTED_LOOPS,MERGE,HASH",
"ParameterName": "_always_semi_join",
"ApplyType": "dynamic",
"Description": "_always_semi_join",
"IsModifiable": true,
"Source": "engine-default",
"DataType": "string"
},
{
"AllowedValues": "TRUE,FALSE",
"ParameterName": "_b_tree_bitmap_plans",
"ApplyType": "dynamic",
"Description": "_b_tree_bitmap_plans",
"IsModifiable": true,
"Source": "engine-default",
"DataType": "boolean"
},
{
"AllowedValues": "TRUE,FALSE",
"ParameterName": "parallel_automatic_tuning",
"ApplyType": "static",
"Description": "enable intelligent defaults for parallel execution parameters",
"IsModifiable": true,
"Source": "engine-default",
"DataType": "boolean"
},
{
"AllowedValues": "ENABLE,DISABLE",
"ParameterName": "xml_db_events",
"ApplyType": "dynamic",
"Description": "are XML DB events enabled",
"IsModifiable": false,
"Source": "engine-default",
"DataType": "string"
}
]
}
}