Spring Boot Jpa 简明教程
Spring Boot JPA - Native Query
有时会出现需要自定义本机查询来完成某个测试用例的情况。我们可以使用 @Query 注解在存储库内指定一个查询。以下是示例。在此示例中，我们使用本机查询，并在 Query 注解中设置 nativeQuery=true 属性，将查询标记为本机查询。
Some time case arises, where we need a custom native query to fulfil one test case. We can use @Query annotation to specify a query within a repository. Following is an example. In this example, we are using native query, and set an attribute nativeQuery=true in Query annotation to mark the query as native.
我们在 JPA Custom Query 章节中存储库中添加了自定义方法。现在，我们使用本机查询添加另一个方法，并对其进行测试。
We’ve added custom methods in Repository in JPA Custom Query chapter. Now let’s add another method using native query and test it.
Repository - EmployeeRepository.java
添加一个按名字对员工列表进行排序的方法。
Add a method to get list of employees order by their names.
package com.tutorialspoint.repository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee, Integer> {
public List<Employee> findByName(String name);
public List<Employee> findByAge(int age);
public Employee findByEmail(String email);
@Query(value = "SELECT e FROM Employee e ORDER BY name")
public List<Employee> findAllSortedByName();
@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM Employee ORDER BY name", nativeQuery = true)
public List<Employee> findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
}让我们在 test 文件中添加测试用例，从而测试所添加的方法。以下文件中的最后两个方法测试了所添加的自定义查询方法。
Let’s test the methods added by adding their test cases in test file. Last two methods of below file tests the custom query method added.
Example
以下是 EmployeeRepositoryTest 的完整代码。
Following is the complete code of EmployeeRepositoryTest.
package com.tutorialspoint.repository;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
import com.tutorialspoint.sprintbooth2.SprintBootH2Application;
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@Transactional
@SpringBootTest(classes = SprintBootH2Application.class)
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;
@Test
public void testFindById() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee result = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
assertEquals(employee.getId(), result.getId());
}
@Test
public void testFindAll() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testSave() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee found = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
assertEquals(employee.getId(), found.getId());
}
@Test
public void testDeleteById() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
employeeRepository.deleteById(employee.getId());
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 0);
}
private Employee getEmployee() {
Employee employee = new Employee();
employee.setId(1);
employee.setName("Mahesh");
employee.setAge(30);
employee.setEmail("mahesh@test.com");
return employee;
}
@Test
public void testFindByName() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findByName(employee.getName()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testFindByAge() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findByAge(employee.getAge()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testFindByEmail() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee result = employeeRepository.findByEmail(employee.getEmail());
assertNotNull(result);
}
@Test
public void testFindAllSortedByName() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
Employee employee1 = new Employee();
employee1.setId(2);
employee1.setName("Aarav");
employee1.setAge(20);
employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
employeeRepository.save(employee);
employeeRepository.save(employee1);
List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByName();
assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());
}
@Test
public void testFindAllSortedByNameUsingNative() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
Employee employee1 = new Employee();
employee1.setId(2);
employee1.setName("Aarav");
employee1.setAge(20);
employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
employeeRepository.save(employee);
employeeRepository.save(employee1);
List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());
}
}