Spring Boot Jpa 简明教程

Spring Boot JPA - Native Query

有时会出现需要自定义本机查询来完成某个测试用例的情况。我们可以使用 @Query 注解在存储库内指定一个查询。以下是示例。在此示例中，我们使用本机查询，并在 Query 注解中设置 nativeQuery=true 属性，将查询标记为本机查询。

我们在 JPA Custom Query 章节中存储库中添加了自定义方法。现在，我们使用本机查询添加另一个方法，并对其进行测试。

Repository - EmployeeRepository.java

添加一个按名字对员工列表进行排序的方法。

package com.tutorialspoint.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;

@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee, Integer>  {
   public List<Employee> findByName(String name);
   public List<Employee> findByAge(int age);
   public Employee findByEmail(String email);

   @Query(value = "SELECT e FROM Employee e ORDER BY name")
   public List<Employee> findAllSortedByName();

   @Query(value = "SELECT * FROM Employee ORDER BY name", nativeQuery = true)
   public List<Employee> findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
}

让我们在 test 文件中添加测试用例，从而测试所添加的方法。以下文件中的最后两个方法测试了所添加的自定义查询方法。

Example

以下是 EmployeeRepositoryTest 的完整代码。

package com.tutorialspoint.repository;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
import com.tutorialspoint.sprintbooth2.SprintBootH2Application;

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@Transactional
@SpringBootTest(classes = SprintBootH2Application.class)
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {
   @Autowired
   private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;

   @Test
   public void testFindById() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee result = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
      assertEquals(employee.getId(), result.getId());
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAll() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
   }
   @Test
   public void testSave() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee found = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
      assertEquals(employee.getId(), found.getId());
   }
   @Test
   public void testDeleteById() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      employeeRepository.deleteById(employee.getId());
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 0);
   }
   private Employee getEmployee() {
      Employee employee = new Employee();
      employee.setId(1);
      employee.setName("Mahesh");
      employee.setAge(30);
      employee.setEmail("mahesh@test.com");
      return employee;
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByName() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findByName(employee.getName()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByAge() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
      employeeRepository.findByAge(employee.getAge()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
      assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindByEmail() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      Employee result = employeeRepository.findByEmail(employee.getEmail());
      assertNotNull(result);
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAllSortedByName() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      Employee employee1 = new Employee();
      employee1.setId(2);
      employee1.setName("Aarav");
      employee1.setAge(20);
      employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      employeeRepository.save(employee1);
      List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByName();
      assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());
   }
   @Test
   public void testFindAllSortedByNameUsingNative() {
      Employee employee = getEmployee();
      Employee employee1 = new Employee();
      employee1.setId(2);
      employee1.setName("Aarav");
      employee1.setAge(20);
      employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
      employeeRepository.save(employee);
      employeeRepository.save(employee1);
      List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
      assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());
   }
}

Run the test cases

Output

在 Eclipse 中右键单击该文件并选择 Run a JUnit Test ，然后验证结果。