Design Thinking 简明教程

Design Thinking - IT Industry

几十年来，信息技术 (IT) 行业在全球蓬勃发展。该行业在全球范围内雇用了大量人员，并且每天都是创新的中心。IT 行业现在主要在 Agile methodology 上工作，这是一种项目管理技术。

The Information Technology (IT) industry has been booming across the world since a few decades. The industry employs a large number of people across the globe and is the hub for innovation every day. The IT industry is now working mostly on Agile methodology, which is a technique of project management.

敏捷是管理开发和设计的 an iterative or incremental method 。每一天，工程师都有一组任务需要完成，他们需要在一两天内完成这些任务。此外，客户向工程师提出的复杂问题需要快速解决。在这种情况下，设计思维有助于解决问题并满足客户的确切需求。

Agile is an iterative or incremental method of managing development and design. Each day, the engineers have a set of tasks at hand, which they are required to complete in a day or two. Moreover, the complex problems shot by the customers to the engineers are required to be solved quickly. In such a scenario, design thinking helps to solve the problems and address the exact needs of the customer.

解决客户问题需要通过观察示例用例或场景来进行直观思考和理解。不鼓励假设和理论。这种直观理解是由设计思维原则开发的。在从客户那里获得问题陈述后，工程师应该对想法进行头脑风暴，并向客户提出解决方案。

Solving the customers’ problems requires an intuitive thinking and understanding by observing exemplary use cases or scenarios. Hypotheses and theories are not encouraged. This intuitive understanding is developed by design thinking principles. After getting the problem statement from the client, the engineers are supposed to brainstorm on ideas and suggest solutions to the client.

在考虑想法之前，工程师必须进行深入的要求收集。这有助于了解客户的确切需求，也有助于使分析和综合变得更容易。在与敏捷模型不同的 Waterfall model 中，该过程从需求收集开始，然后创建可视化设计，然后进行解决方案的开发。测试是模型中的最后一步。仔细观察，它类似于设计思维的过程。

Before ideas can be thought of, it is imperative for the engineers to do an in-depth requirements gathering. This helps to understand the exact needs of the client and also helps to make the analysis and synthesis easier. In a Waterfall model, which is different than the Agile model, the process starts with requirements gathering, followed by creating the visual designs and then occurs the development of solution. Testing is the last step in the model. Looking closely, it is similar to the process of design thinking.

如今，IT 工程师应该以客户感受到的确切方式理解问题陈述。否则，解决方案和投入的时间都会失败。一旦收集了需求，开发人员才能开始考虑编程解决方案。

The IT engineers today are supposed to understand the problem statement in the exact manner as felt by the client. Otherwise, both the solution and the time invested will fail. Once requirements have been gathered, only then can the developers start thinking of programmatic solutions.

开发的解决方案将发送给客户体验。客户提供的反馈有助于设计人员和开发人员迭代软件开发流程。设计思维已被广泛用于 IT 公司中，以针对客户问题集思广益解决方案。软件开发的 advantages of using design thinking in IT industry 如下。

The solutions that are developed are sent for the client’s experience. The feedback given by the client helps the designers and developers to iterate the process of software development. Design thinking has been used extensively in IT companies to brainstorm for solutions towards customer’s problems. The advantages of using design thinking in IT industry for software development are as follows.

  1. The solutions are prototyped.

  2. The results are verified.

  3. The best solutions are accepted.

  4. The solutions are experienced by the client before approval.

  5. Short iterations are possible to improve the user experience.

  6. Small cross-functional teams.

  7. Incremental delivery is possible.

  8. Fast feedback helps the designers and developers.

  9. Continuous improvement is possible.

在 IT 行业中，设计思维原则的使用已如此普及，以至于当今像 Infosys 这样的世界知名公司已将其员工在全球范围内学习设计思维课程并获得设计思维者认证作为一项强制性要求。

The use of design thinking principles have grown so much in the IT industry that nowadays world-renowned companies like Infosys have made it mandatory for its employees across the globe to undergo design thinking courses and get certified as a design thinker.

设计思维的概念对于开发软件解决方案的过程至关重要，该解决方案针对客户的确切需求，并且具有根据客户提供的反馈在迭代过程中进行修改的灵活性。

The concept of design thinking is central to the process of developing software solutions, which target the exact needs of the customer and have the flexibility of getting modified in an iteration process based on the feedback given by the client.