Design Thinking 简明教程

Design Thinking - Test Stage

此阶段也称为 'Execute’ 。这是在全面基础上测试最终解决方案的阶段。在原型阶段，根据客户和最终用户的反馈看来最好的想法将被执行。在此步骤中，设计思维者应该 collaborative and agile 。

This phase is also called as 'Execute’. This is the phase where the final solution is tested on a full scale basis. The idea that seems the best according to the feedback of the customers and end users in the prototype phase will be executed. In this step, the design thinkers are supposed to be collaborative and agile.

测试将有助于了解实际上什么有效，什么无效。如果原型试验成功并产生了积极的结果，那么这可能是最令人欣慰的一步；但如果原型试验失败，则可能是最令人烦恼的一步。在测试之后，可能必须重复整个设计思维过程。如果最终用户认可解决方案，那么设计思维过程在此停止。

Testing will help to understand what actually works and what does not. This step can be the most rewarding, if the prototypes succeed to give positive results, or can be the most annoying, if the prototype fails. After testing, the entire process of design thinking may have to be repeated. If the end user approves the solution, then the process of design thinking stops here.

Iterate Phase

如果最终用户对结果不满意，则设计思维者需要结合上一次测试阶段的见解来构建一个新的问题定义，并且必须以更好的方式再次与最终用户产生移情。构思过程将被重复，然后进行原型制作和另一轮测试。如果测试阶段再次未能产生积极的结果，则必须进行另一轮迭代。这样，设计思维的过程也可以无限延伸。

If the end-user is not satisfied with the results, the design thinker will need to frame a new problem definition by incorporating the insights from the last Test phase and will have to again empathize in a better way with the end user. Ideate process will be repeated, followed by prototyping and another round of Testing. If Test phase fails to give positive results again, another round of iteration will have to be done. This way, the process of design thinking can stretch infinitely as well.

让我们看看 DT 的问题。

Let’s take a look at the DT problem.

假设原型已经为小规模模型提供了积极的结果。然后，我们可以在整个公司大楼内在大规模上复制该模型。我们可能也可以将它带到所有建筑物中。墙壁上将贴有激励海报，并将开展团队建设活动。此外，借助数字技术的课堂会话将有助于推动我们原型的发展。

Suppose the prototype has given us positive results for the small scale model. We can then replicate the model on a larger scale inside the entire company building. We can perhaps take it to all the buildings as well. Motivational posters will be pasted over the walls and team-building activities will be conducted. Moreover, classroom session aided with digital technology will be instrumental in driving our prototype forward.

有时候可能出现一些问题。比如，在公司基地之外的客户所在地工作的员工可能会觉得自己被抛弃了，因为他们无法参加在公司基地内举行的活动。这些人还可以要求在 DT 客户的办公室举行类似的活动，但由于客户可能不会授予许可，这可能无法实现。

There can be cases where some problems may arise. For instance, an employee who works at the client location outside the company’s premises may feel left out since he/she cannot participate in the activities that happens inside the company premises. Such people can also ask for similar activities in the offices of DT’s client, which may not be possible since the client may not grant permission.

但是，课堂教学可能适用于某些技术方面的辅导。比如，可以为 DT 的新员工通过大型课堂教学传授一种软件工具，但操作机器需要每位员工在仔细的个人监管下学习技术。这种模式不会在与操作大型机器有关的区域中出现。为了获得实践经验，员工需要指导员为他们提供个人关注。为此，要么需要大量指导员，要么延长知识传授计划的持续时间，这会导致成本增加。

However, classroom sessions may work for tutoring on some technologies. For instance, a software tool can be taught to the new employees of DT via huge classroom session, but operating machines requires each employee to learn the techniques under careful personal supervision. This model won’t find place in the areas were the operations deal with operating large machines. For getting hands-on experience, the employees will need to have the instructor giving them individual attention. For this, either a large number of instructors are required or the duration of knowledge transfer program has to be increased, which will lead to increase in costs.

设计思想家需要起草新的问题定义，并将进行头脑风暴讨论，以找到解决新问题的构想，并在公司内实施统一的解决方案。

The design thinkers will need to draft a new problem definition and will have to brainstorm for ideas to solve the new issue and to have a uniform solution implemented across the company.