Hive 简明教程
HiveQL - Select-Order By
本章解释了如何在 SELECT 语句中使用 ORDER BY 从句。ORDER BY 从句用于基于一列检索详细信息，并按升序或降序对结果集进行排序。
Syntax
下面是 ORDER BY 从句的语法：
SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT] select_expr, select_expr, ...
FROM table_reference
[WHERE where_condition]
[GROUP BY col_list]
[HAVING having_condition]
[ORDER BY col_list]]
[LIMIT number];Example
我们来看一个 SELECT…ORDER BY 从句的示例。假设员工表如下所示，其中有 Id、Name、Salary、Designation 和 Dept 字段。生成一个查询，以根据部门名称按顺序检索员工详细信息。
+------+--------------+-------------+-------------------+--------+
| ID | Name | Salary | Designation | Dept |
+------+--------------+-------------+-------------------+--------+
|1201 | Gopal | 45000 | Technical manager | TP |
|1202 | Manisha | 45000 | Proofreader | PR |
|1203 | Masthanvali | 40000 | Technical writer | TP |
|1204 | Krian | 40000 | Hr Admin | HR |
|1205 | Kranthi | 30000 | Op Admin | Admin |
+------+--------------+-------------+-------------------+--------+以下查询使用上述场景检索员工详细信息：
hive> SELECT Id, Name, Dept FROM employee ORDER BY DEPT;在成功执行查询后，您可以看到以下响应：
+------+--------------+-------------+-------------------+--------+
| ID | Name | Salary | Designation | Dept |
+------+--------------+-------------+-------------------+--------+
|1205 | Kranthi | 30000 | Op Admin | Admin |
|1204 | Krian | 40000 | Hr Admin | HR |
|1202 | Manisha | 45000 | Proofreader | PR |
|1201 | Gopal | 45000 | Technical manager | TP |
|1203 | Masthanvali | 40000 | Technical writer | TP |
+------+--------------+-------------+-------------------+--------+JDBC Program
以下是用于为给定示例应用 Order By 子句的 JDBC 程序。
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
public class HiveQLOrderBy {
private static String driverName = "org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver";
public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
// Register driver and create driver instance
Class.forName(driverName);
// get connection
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hive://localhost:10000/userdb", "", "");
// create statement
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
// execute statement
Resultset res = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM employee ORDER BY DEPT;");
System.out.println(" ID \t Name \t Salary \t Designation \t Dept ");
while (res.next()) {
System.out.println(res.getInt(1) + " " + res.getString(2) + " " + res.getDouble(3) + " " + res.getString(4) + " " + res.getString(5));
}
con.close();
}
}将程序保存在名为 HiveQLOrderBy.java 的文件中。使用以下命令编译并执行此程序。
$ javac HiveQLOrderBy.java
$ java HiveQLOrderBy