Postgresql 中文操作指南

Appendix A. PostgreSQL Error Codes

PostgreSQL 服务器发出的所有消息都被分配了五个字符的错误代码，该代码遵循 SQL 标准的“SQLSTATE”代码约定。需要了解已发生的错误条件的应用程序通常应测试错误代码，而不是查看文本错误消息。错误代码在 PostgreSQL 发布之间不太可能更改，并且也不会因错误消息的本地化而发生更改。请注意，PostgreSQL 生成的错误代码中并非全部，但有一部分是由 SQL 标准定义的，一些其他错误代码是为非标准定义的条件而创建或从其他数据库中借用的。

All messages emitted by the PostgreSQL server are assigned five-character error codes that follow the SQL standard’s conventions for “SQLSTATE” codes. Applications that need to know which error condition has occurred should usually test the error code, rather than looking at the textual error message. The error codes are less likely to change across PostgreSQL releases, and also are not subject to change due to localization of error messages. Note that some, but not all, of the error codes produced by PostgreSQL are defined by the SQL standard; some additional error codes for conditions not defined by the standard have been invented or borrowed from other databases.

根据该标准，错误代码的前两个字符表示一类错误，而后三个字符表示该类中的特定条件。因此，不识别特定错误代码的应用程序仍然可以从错误类中推断出该怎么做。

According to the standard, the first two characters of an error code denote a class of errors, while the last three characters indicate a specific condition within that class. Thus, an application that does not recognize the specific error code might still be able to infer what to do from the error class.

Table A.1 列出了 PostgreSQL 16.3 中定义的所有错误代码。（有些目前实际上并未使用，但由 SQL 标准定义。）错误类也显示在其中。对于每个错误类，都有一个“标准”错误代码，其后三个字符为 000 。此代码仅用于属于该类但未分配任何更具体代码的错误条件。

Table A.1 lists all the error codes defined in PostgreSQL 16.3. (Some are not actually used at present, but are defined by the SQL standard.) The error classes are also shown. For each error class there is a “standard” error code having the last three characters 000. This code is used only for error conditions that fall within the class but do not have any more-specific code assigned.

“Condition Name”列中显示的符号是 PL/pgSQL 中使用的条件名称。条件名称可以大写或小写书写。（请注意，PL/pgSQL 无法识别警告，而不是错误，条件名称，它们是类 00、01 和 02。）

The symbol shown in the column “Condition Name” is the condition name to use in PL/pgSQL. Condition names can be written in either upper or lower case. (Note that PL/pgSQL does not recognize warning, as opposed to error, condition names; those are classes 00, 01, and 02.)

对于某些类型的错误，服务器报告与该错误相关联的数据库对象（表、表列、数据类型或约束）的名称，例如导致 unique_violation 错误的唯一约束的名称。此类名称在错误报告消息的单独字段中提供，以便应用程序不必尝试从可能本地化的人类可读消息文本中提取这些名称。从 PostgreSQL 9.3 开始，此功能的完整覆盖范围仅存在于 SQLSTATE 类 23（完整性约束违反）中的错误，但这可能会在未来得到扩展。

For some types of errors, the server reports the name of a database object (a table, table column, data type, or constraint) associated with the error; for example, the name of the unique constraint that caused a unique_violation error. Such names are supplied in separate fields of the error report message so that applications need not try to extract them from the possibly-localized human-readable text of the message. As of PostgreSQL 9.3, complete coverage for this feature exists only for errors in SQLSTATE class 23 (integrity constraint violation), but this is likely to be expanded in future.

Table A.1. PostgreSQL Error Codes

Error Code

Condition Name

Class 00 — Successful Completion

00000

successful_completion

Class 01 — Warning

01000

warning

0100C

dynamic_result_sets_returned

01008

implicit_zero_bit_padding

01003

null_value_eliminated_in_set_function

01007

privilege_not_granted

01006

privilege_not_revoked

01004

string_data_right_truncation

01P01

deprecated_feature

Class 02 — No Data (this is also a warning class per the SQL standard)

02000

no_data

02001

no_additional_dynamic_result_sets_returned

Class 03 — SQL Statement Not Yet Complete

03000

sql_statement_not_yet_complete

Class 08 — Connection Exception

08000

connection_exception

08003

connection_does_not_exist

08006

connection_failure

08001

sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection

08004

sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection

08007

transaction_resolution_unknown

08P01

protocol_violation

Class 09 — Triggered Action Exception

09000

triggered_action_exception

Class 0A — Feature Not Supported

0A000

feature_not_supported

Class 0B — Invalid Transaction Initiation

0B000

invalid_transaction_initiation

Class 0F — Locator Exception

0F000

locator_exception

0F001

invalid_locator_specification

Class 0L — Invalid Grantor

0L000

invalid_grantor

0LP01

invalid_grant_operation

Class 0P — Invalid Role Specification

0P000

invalid_role_specification

Class 0Z — Diagnostics Exception

0Z000

diagnostics_exception

0Z002

stacked_diagnostics_accessed_without_active_handler

Class 20 — Case Not Found

20000

case_not_found

Class 21 — Cardinality Violation

21000

cardinality_violation

Class 22 — Data Exception

22000

data_exception

2202E

array_subscript_error

22021

character_not_in_repertoire

22008

datetime_field_overflow

22012

division_by_zero

22005

error_in_assignment

2200B

escape_character_conflict

22022

indicator_overflow

22015

interval_field_overflow

2201E

invalid_argument_for_logarithm

22014

invalid_argument_for_ntile_function

22016

invalid_argument_for_nth_value_function

2201F

invalid_argument_for_power_function

2201G

invalid_argument_for_width_bucket_function

22018

invalid_character_value_for_cast

22007

invalid_datetime_format

22019

invalid_escape_character

2200D

invalid_escape_octet

22025

invalid_escape_sequence

22P06

nonstandard_use_of_escape_character

22010

invalid_indicator_parameter_value

22023

invalid_parameter_value

22013

invalid_preceding_or_following_size

2201B

invalid_regular_expression

2201W

invalid_row_count_in_limit_clause

2201X

invalid_row_count_in_result_offset_clause

2202H

invalid_tablesample_argument

2202G

invalid_tablesample_repeat

22009

invalid_time_zone_displacement_value

2200C

invalid_use_of_escape_character

2200G

most_specific_type_mismatch

22004

null_value_not_allowed

22002

null_value_no_indicator_parameter

22003

numeric_value_out_of_range

2200H

sequence_generator_limit_exceeded

22026

string_data_length_mismatch

22001

string_data_right_truncation

22011

substring_error

22027

trim_error

22024

unterminated_c_string

2200F

zero_length_character_string

22P01

floating_point_exception

22P02

invalid_text_representation

22P03

invalid_binary_representation

22P04

bad_copy_file_format

22P05

untranslatable_character

2200L

not_an_xml_document

2200M

invalid_xml_document

2200N

invalid_xml_content

2200S

invalid_xml_comment

2200T

invalid_xml_processing_instruction

22030

duplicate_json_object_key_value

22031

invalid_argument_for_sql_json_datetime_function

22032

invalid_json_text

22033

invalid_sql_json_subscript

22034

more_than_one_sql_json_item

22035

no_sql_json_item

22036

non_numeric_sql_json_item

22037

non_unique_keys_in_a_json_object

22038

singleton_sql_json_item_required

22039

sql_json_array_not_found

2203A

sql_json_member_not_found

2203B

sql_json_number_not_found

2203C

sql_json_object_not_found

2203D

too_many_json_array_elements

2203E

too_many_json_object_members

2203F

sql_json_scalar_required

2203G

sql_json_item_cannot_be_cast_to_target_type

Class 23 — Integrity Constraint Violation

23000

integrity_constraint_violation

23001

restrict_violation

23502

not_null_violation

23503

foreign_key_violation

23505

unique_violation

23514

check_violation

23P01

exclusion_violation

Class 24 — Invalid Cursor State

24000

invalid_cursor_state

Class 25 — Invalid Transaction State

25000

invalid_transaction_state

25001

active_sql_transaction

25002

branch_transaction_already_active

25008

held_cursor_requires_same_isolation_level

25003

inappropriate_access_mode_for_branch_transaction

25004

inappropriate_isolation_level_for_branch_transaction

25005

no_active_sql_transaction_for_branch_transaction

25006

read_only_sql_transaction

25007

schema_and_data_statement_mixing_not_supported

25P01

no_active_sql_transaction

25P02

in_failed_sql_transaction

25P03

idle_in_transaction_session_timeout

Class 26 — Invalid SQL Statement Name

26000

invalid_sql_statement_name

Class 27 — Triggered Data Change Violation

27000

triggered_data_change_violation

Class 28 — Invalid Authorization Specification

28000

invalid_authorization_specification

28P01

invalid_password

Class 2B — Dependent Privilege Descriptors Still Exist

2B000

dependent_privilege_descriptors_still_exist

2BP01

dependent_objects_still_exist

Class 2D — Invalid Transaction Termination

2D000

invalid_transaction_termination

Class 2F — SQL Routine Exception

2F000

sql_routine_exception

2F005

function_executed_no_return_statement

2F002

modifying_sql_data_not_permitted

2F003

prohibited_sql_statement_attempted

2F004

reading_sql_data_not_permitted

Class 34 — Invalid Cursor Name

34000

invalid_cursor_name

Class 38 — External Routine Exception

38000

external_routine_exception

38001

containing_sql_not_permitted

38002

modifying_sql_data_not_permitted

38003

prohibited_sql_statement_attempted

38004

reading_sql_data_not_permitted

Class 39 — External Routine Invocation Exception

39000

external_routine_invocation_exception

39001

invalid_sqlstate_returned

39004

null_value_not_allowed

39P01

trigger_protocol_violated

39P02

srf_protocol_violated

39P03

event_trigger_protocol_violated

Class 3B — Savepoint Exception

3B000

savepoint_exception

3B001

invalid_savepoint_specification

Class 3D — Invalid Catalog Name

3D000

invalid_catalog_name

Class 3F — Invalid Schema Name

3F000

invalid_schema_name

Class 40 — Transaction Rollback

40000

transaction_rollback

40002

transaction_integrity_constraint_violation

40001

serialization_failure

40003

statement_completion_unknown

40P01

deadlock_detected

Class 42 — Syntax Error or Access Rule Violation

42000

syntax_error_or_access_rule_violation

42601

syntax_error

42501

insufficient_privilege

42846

cannot_coerce

42803

grouping_error

42P20

windowing_error

42P19

invalid_recursion

42830

invalid_foreign_key

42602

invalid_name

42622

name_too_long

42939

reserved_name

42804

datatype_mismatch

42P18

indeterminate_datatype

42P21

collation_mismatch

42P22

indeterminate_collation

42809

wrong_object_type

428C9

generated_always

42703

undefined_column

42883

undefined_function

42P01

undefined_table

42P02

undefined_parameter

42704

undefined_object

42701

duplicate_column

42P03

duplicate_cursor

42P04

duplicate_database

42723

duplicate_function

42P05

duplicate_prepared_statement

42P06

duplicate_schema

42P07

duplicate_table

42712

duplicate_alias

42710

duplicate_object

42702

ambiguous_column

42725

ambiguous_function

42P08

ambiguous_parameter

42P09

ambiguous_alias

42P10

invalid_column_reference

42611

invalid_column_definition

42P11

invalid_cursor_definition

42P12

invalid_database_definition

42P13

invalid_function_definition

42P14

invalid_prepared_statement_definition

42P15

invalid_schema_definition

42P16

invalid_table_definition

42P17

invalid_object_definition

Class 44 — WITH CHECK OPTION Violation

44000

with_check_option_violation

Class 53 — Insufficient Resources

53000

insufficient_resources

53100

disk_full

53200

out_of_memory

53300

too_many_connections

53400

configuration_limit_exceeded

Class 54 — Program Limit Exceeded

54000

program_limit_exceeded

54001

statement_too_complex

54011

too_many_columns

54023

too_many_arguments

Class 55 — Object Not In Prerequisite State

55000

object_not_in_prerequisite_state

55006

object_in_use

55P02

cant_change_runtime_param

55P03

lock_not_available

55P04

unsafe_new_enum_value_usage

Class 57 — Operator Intervention

57000

operator_intervention

57014

query_canceled

57P01

admin_shutdown

57P02

crash_shutdown

57P03

cannot_connect_now

57P04

database_dropped

57P05

idle_session_timeout

Class 58 — System Error (errors external to PostgreSQL itself)

58000

system_error

58030

io_error

58P01

undefined_file

58P02

duplicate_file

Class 72 — Snapshot Failure

72000

snapshot_too_old

Class F0 — Configuration File Error

F0000

config_file_error

F0001

lock_file_exists

Class HV — Foreign Data Wrapper Error (SQL/MED)

HV000

fdw_error

HV005

fdw_column_name_not_found

HV002

fdw_dynamic_parameter_value_needed

HV010

fdw_function_sequence_error

HV021

fdw_inconsistent_descriptor_information

HV024

fdw_invalid_attribute_value

HV007

fdw_invalid_column_name

HV008

fdw_invalid_column_number

HV004

fdw_invalid_data_type

HV006

fdw_invalid_data_type_descriptors

HV091

fdw_invalid_descriptor_field_identifier

HV00B

fdw_invalid_handle

HV00C

fdw_invalid_option_index

HV00D

fdw_invalid_option_name

HV090

fdw_invalid_string_length_or_buffer_length

HV00A

fdw_invalid_string_format

HV009

fdw_invalid_use_of_null_pointer

HV014

fdw_too_many_handles

HV001

fdw_out_of_memory

HV00P

fdw_no_schemas

HV00J

fdw_option_name_not_found

HV00K

fdw_reply_handle

HV00Q

fdw_schema_not_found

HV00R

fdw_table_not_found

HV00L

fdw_unable_to_create_execution

HV00M

fdw_unable_to_create_reply

HV00N

fdw_unable_to_establish_connection

Class P0 — PL/pgSQL Error

P0000

plpgsql_error

P0001

raise_exception

P0002

no_data_found

P0003

too_many_rows

P0004

assert_failure

Class XX — Internal Error

XX000

internal_error

XX001

data_corrupted

XX002