Digital-electronics 简明教程
DAC and ADC ICs
数模转换器是一种将数字信号转换为模拟格式的电子设备。在另一方面,模数转换器是一种将模拟信号转换为数字格式的电子设备。 DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) 和 ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) 在电子学的不同领域中发挥着重要作用,如通信、信号处理、计算技术、控制和自动化系统等等
A digital to analog converter is an electronic device that converters a digital signal into analog format. On the other hand, an analog to digital converter is an electronic device that converters an analog signal into digital format. Both DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) and ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) play an important role in different fields of electronic such as communication, signal processing, computing technologies, control and automation systems, and more.
随着技术的进步,我们能够以 IC 或集成电路的形式设计和实现模数转换器和数模转换器。本章旨在解释一些在电子电路和系统中常用的重要的 ADC 和 DAC IC
With the advancement of technology, we can design and implement the analog to digital converters and digital to analog converters in the form of IC or integrated circuits. This chapter is meant for explaining some important ADC and DAC ICs commonly used in electronic circuits and systems.
What are DAC and ADC ICs?
DAC 和 ADC ICs 是小型电子设备和集成电路,它们被用于电子学领域,分别将数字信号转换为模拟格式并将模拟信号转换为数字格式
DAC and ADC ICs are small electronic devices and integrated circuits used in the field of electronics to convert a digital signal into analog format and analog signal into digital format respectively.
ADC IC(模数转换器 IC)用于将模拟信号转换为数字格式。这些 IC 将模拟信号作为输入,并定时对它们进行采样。然后,它们将模拟输入信号的数字表示作为输出产生出来
The ADC IC (Analog to Digital Converter IC) is used to convert analog signals into digital format. These ICs take the analog signals as input and sample them at regular intervals of time. Then, they produce digital representation of the analog input signal as output.
有另一种类型的 IC,称为 DAC IC(数模转换器 IC),用于将数字信号转换为模拟格式。因此,DAC IC 将数字信号作为输入,并将它们的模拟表示作为输出产生出来
There is another type of IC called DAC IC (Digital to Analog Converter IC) that is used to convert digital signals into analog format. Hence, the DAC ICs take digital signals as input and produce their analog representation as output.
在多种不同类型的电子系统中,ADC 和 DAC IC 都是重要的组件,在这些系统中,在模拟和数字格式之间转换信号是至关重要的
The ADC and DAC ICs are important components in several different types of electronic systems where converting signals between the analog and digital formats are crucial.
Popular DAC and ADC ICs
以下是一些常用的 DAC 和 ADC IC,它们在各种电子应用中被广泛使用:
The following are some commonly used DAC and ADC ICs that are widely used in various electronic applications −
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ADC 0809 (8-Bit ADC IC)
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ICL 7109 (12-Bit Binary ADC IC)
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DAC 0808 (8-Bit DAC IC)
让我们详细讨论这些 ADC 和 DAC ICs ,以及它们的功能和应用
Let us discuss about these ADC and DAC ICs in detail along with their features and applications.
ADC 0809 IC
ADC 0809 IC 是一个模数转换器 IC。它是一个单片 CMOS 设备,由一个 8 位模数转换器、一个 8 位多路复用器和一个与微处理器兼容的控制单元组成
The ADC 0809 IC is an analog to digital converter IC. It is a monolithic CMOS device that consists of an 8-bit analog to digital converter, an 8-bit multiplexer, and a microprocess compatible control unit.
ADC 0809 IC 使用逐次逼近技术执行模数转换。它带有 28 引脚模压 IC 载体封装。ADC 0809 IC 的管脚图如下图所示
The ADC 0809 IC uses successive approximation technique to perform analog to digital conversion. It comes in a 28-pin molded IC carrier package. The pin diagram of the ADC 0809 IC is shown in the following figure.

这款 IC 是广泛用于各种数字电子设备和基于微控制器的电路和系统中将模拟信号转换为其数字格式的一种 ADC IC
This IC is one of the widely used ADC ICs in various digital electronics and microcontroller-based circuits and systems to convert analog signals into their digital format.
ADC 0809 IC 的一些主要特点列出如下——
Some of the key features of ADC 0809 IC are listed below −
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The ADC 0809 IC is an 8-bit analog to digital converter IC. Hence, it can represent an analog input signal with a resolution of 8 bits or 28 = 256 possible discrete values in digital format.
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The ADC 0809 IC provides an easy interfacing with all microprocessors.
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It does not require the external zero or full-scale adjustments.
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It also consists an 8-channel single ended analog signal multiplexer.
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It can operate ratiometrically or with a 5 V DC voltage or an analog span adjusted voltage reference.
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The output of the ADC 0809 IC meets the TTL voltage level requirements.
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The ADC 0809 IC can operate with low power consumption, typically 15 mW that makes making it best suited for batterypowered devices.
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It can support 0 V to 5V input analog voltage range with a single supply of 5 V DC.
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It has a conversion time of around 100 µs.
ADC 0809 IC 是自动化、过程和机器控制、消费电子、汽车等各种应用中的理想器件。这里列出此 ADC IC 的一些常见应用——
The ADC 0809 IC is an ideal device in various applications such as automation, process and machine control, consumer electronics, automotives, etc. Some common applications of this ADC IC are listed here −
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The ADC 0809 IC is most commonly used in data acquisition systems to convert analog input signals received from sensors, transducers, and other analog measuring devices into digital format to process and analyze them using digital systems.
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The ADC 0809 IC is also used in different applications in the field of instrumentation and control engineering. It is mainly employed for precise measurement and monitoring of analog signals like temperature, pressure, and motor control.
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In the field of industrial automation, the ADC 0809 IC is used for digitalization of analog process and control signals which are then used for automation and monitoring of control and manufacturing processes.
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The ADC 0809 IC is also used in various consumer electronic devices such as digital multimeters, audio and music systems, etc. for providing an interface between analog signals and digital circuits.
ICL 7109 IC
ICL 7109 IC 是一款单片 12 位模拟数字转换器 (ADC) IC,主要设计用于与基于微处理器的系统和通用异步收发器 (UART) 轻松地连接。
The ICL 7109 IC is a monolithic 12-Bit analog to digital converter (ADC) IC primarily designed for easy interfacing with microprocessor-based systems and Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART).
ICL 7109 IC 采用 40 引脚 IC 封装,其引脚配置关系图如图所示——
The ICL 7109 IC comes in a 40-pin IC package whose pin configuration diagram is shown in the following figure −

ICL 7109 ADC IC 的一些主要特点描述如下——
Some of the key features of the ICL 7109 ADC IC are described below −
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The ICL 7109 IC is a 12-bit dual slope integrating analog to digital converter IC. Hence, it provides a resolution of 12-bits that enables it to represent the analog input signals with a higher precision in digital format.
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The ICL 7109 IC provides an easy interfacing with microprocessors. This feature makes it ideally suitable for applications where analog signals are required to be processed or analyzed using digital systems like computers.
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The ICL 7109 IC also provides facility of interfacing with UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) systems. This feature allows for serial data transmission and communication with external digital devices. It also has some control lines like RUN/(HOLD)’ inputs and STATUS output that can be used to monitor and control the conversion timing.
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The ICL 7109 IC does not require any special handling precautions because its all inputs are fully protected against static discharge.
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The ICL 7109 IC provides true differential input and differential reference. It provides low noise and high accuracy.
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The ICL 7109 IC offers a low drift typically less than 1 μV/°C. This ensures high precision in analog to digital conversion under varying environmental conditions.
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The ICL 7109 IC consumes les power that makes it ideally suitable for battery powered devices.
ICL 7109 IC 是各种基于数字和微处理器的系统中常用的模数转换器 IC 之一。以下是一些 ICL 7109 IC 应用的常见示例 -
The ICL 7109 IC is one of the commonly used analog to digital converter IC in various digital and microprocessor based systems. Here are some common examples of applications of the ICL 7109 IC −
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The ICL 7109 IC is commonly used in digital systems where accurate and high-performance conversion of analog signals into digital format is needed. It widely used in industrial monitoring, instrumentation, and scientific measurement systems.
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Since the ICL 7109 IC is compatible with Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) systems. Hence, it is used for interfacing between industry standard UARTs for transmission of digital data serially over communication channels.
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In industrial automation and control systems, the ICL 7109 IC is employed for converting analog process and control signals into digital data for processing and controlling by microprocessors and microcontrollers.
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Due to high accuracy and low power consumption, the ICL 7109 IC is best suited to utilize in battery powered testing and measuring instruments, where precise measurement of analog signals is desired.
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The ICL 7109 IC is also used in numerous consumer electronic devices for converting analog signals into digital format accurately, which is crucial for proper functioning of the device.
DAC 0808 IC
DAC 0808 IC 是一款 8 位数模转换器 IC,设计用于将数字输入信号转换成其模拟表示。它是一种以高精度和低功耗数字模拟转换过程而闻名的单片 IC。
The DAC 0808 IC is an 8-bit digital to analog converter IC designed to convert a digital input signal into its analog representation. It is a monolithic IC known for its high accuracy and low power consumption in digital to analog conversion process.
该 IC 采用 16 针双列直插 IC 封装。以下描述了 DAC 0808 IC 的引脚图。
This IC comes in the dual-in-line IC package with 16 pins. The following depicts the pin diagram of the DAC 0808 IC.

由于其高精度、低功耗和快速建立时间等特性,它通常用于基于微控制器的和其他数字电子系统中。
Due to its features like high accuracy, low power consumption, and fast settling time, it is commonly used in microcontroller-based and other digital electronic systems.
以下 DAC 0808 IC 的主要功能使其最适合在数字系统中使用 -
The following are the key features of DAC 0808 IC, making it best suited to use in digital systems −
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The DAC 0808 IC has a resolution of 8-bits. Hence, it can convert a digital input signal into the analog format precisely. It provides high accuracy in digital to analog conversion. Typically, it can convert a digital signal into analog format with a maximum error of around $\mathrm{\pm 0.9 \%}$.
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The DAC 0808 IC produces a full-scale current match, typically $\mathrm{\pm 1}$ LSB. This feature helps maintain the relative accuracy in the output current.
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The DAC 0808 IC has a fast-settling time typically 150 ns. Thus, this IC can adjust its output to match the desired analog voltage in a very short time.
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The DAC 0808 IC is compatible with both TTL and CMOS devices.
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The DAC 0808 IC has a high-speed multiplying input slew rate. Therefore, it can change its output voltage at a very fast speed when the digital input to it changes. Typically, the slew rate of the DAC 0808 IC is 8 mA/µs.
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The DAC 0808 IC can operate with a power supply voltage range varying from $\mathrm{\pm 4.5}$ V to $\mathrm{\pm 18}$ V. This feature makes it versatile to use in systems operating at different voltage levels.
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The DAC 0808 IC consumes very low power. Typically, it consumes only 33 mW of power at an operating voltage of $\mathrm{\pm 5}$ V. This feature makes it suitable to use in battery power devices where energy efficiency is critical.
DAC 0808 集成电路广泛用于各个领域的各种应用中,例如音频信号处理、工业自动化和将数字信号转换为模拟电压的控制系统。下面给出了一些说明 DAC 0808 集成电路应用的关键示例:
The DAC 0808 IC is widely used in a variety of applications across different fields such as audio signal processing, industrial automation, and control systems for the conversion of digital signals into analog voltages. Some key examples illustrating the applications of the DAC 0808 IC are given below −
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The DAC 0808 IC is very commonly used in waveform generators to produce analog output voltages from digital input data. It allows us to produce various types of waveforms like sine waves, square waves, triangular waves, etc.
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In the field of instrumentation and control, the DAC 0808 IC is employed for producing analog signals that can be used in calibration, simulation, and testing applications.
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The DAC 0808 IC is also used in motor control circuits to produce analog voltage signals from digital inputs. These analog output signals are then used for operating motor drives, actuators, and servo systems.
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The DAC 0808 IC is also used in various audio systems such as audio playback systems, synthesizers, musical instruments, audio effects processors, etc. to perform digital to analog conversion.
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In industrial automation and control systems, the DAC 0808 IC is utilized to produce analog signals used to control and regulate the processes, operate the valves, and adjust the system variables based on digital inputs provided by microcontrollers or PLCs.
Conclusion
市场上有各种不同的 ADC 和 DAC 集成电路,具体使用哪个取决于应用的特定要求。在本章中,我们解释了一些常见类型的 DAC 和 ADC 集成电路的管脚图、关键特性和应用。
There are several different ADC and DAC ICs available in the market and are used depending on the specific requirements of the application. In this chapter, we explained the pin diagram, key features, and applications of some popular types of DAC and ADC ICs.
总之,DAC 集成电路是一种数字到模拟转换器芯片,可以非常高的速度和效率将数字输入信号转换为模拟输出电压。另一方面,ADC 集成电路是一种模拟到数字转换器芯片,将模拟输入信号转换为数字输出信号。这些集成电路的设计使其与各种数字系统和低功耗设备兼容。
In conclusion, a DAC IC is a digital to analog converter chip that can convert digital input signals into analog output voltages at a very high speed and efficiency. On the other hand, an ADC IC is an analog to digital converter chip that converts analog input signals into digital output signals. These ICs are so designed that they are compatible with various digital systems and low power devices.